scholarly works
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Item Suitability of chrysophyllum albidum wood for fabrication of howe truss for use in simple roof systems(Forestry Association of Nigeria, 2010) Adewole, N. A.; Baruwa, M. A.Chrysophyllum albidum being fruit tree still has dearth of information about its wood properties. Its use for making roof truss components have become fashionable in low cost building in emerging areas of Akinyele Local Government, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria because of its abundance. This study was initiated to investigate the suitability of C. albidum wood for Howe truss fabrication. A survey was conducted to obtain on the application status of C. albidum wood in the study location. Structured questionnaire, oral interview and on-spot assessment were used to collect data while simple descriptive statistical tools were used for the data analysis. 10-meter-span Howe-truss was designed but scaled down to 2-meter for prototype production. Six prototypes were fabricated using C. albidum wood bought from a plank market in the area. The deflection characteristics of the fabricated truss was investigated under three points loading system using dial-gauge. Modified Howe truss was predominantly used in low cost building in the emerging areas of Akinyele Local Government that were hitherto villages. About 90.1% of such houses combined C. albidum wood with other available wood species to make its roof trusses. C. albidum wood was relevant for its availability and cost. The gusset plate made from 6.5mm structurally graded plywood was used at the joint with 8d nail as fastener. The fabricated Howe truss weighs 1.2KN. A load of 2.2KN (about triple of the design load) was only able to cause maximum of 3.3mm deflection as against maximum tolerable deflection of 6.6mm. The test result indicates suitability of C. albidum wood for Howe truss production despite it been perishable when used in contact with soil.Item Production of Bamboo-Lam from bamboo strip prepared from Bambasa Vulgaris Schrad(Material Science and Technology Society of Nigeria, 2011) Adewole, N. A.; Olayiwola, H. O."This study addressed the problem of producing bamboo-lam from flat strips prepared from Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. Such bamboo-lam is suitable for making bamboo-based products for interior use. Bambusa vulgaris samples were sourced from 4 years old stock, at the same time of harvest, from within the University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The harvested matured culms were reduced to 780mm long each with a minimum diameter and wall thickness of 30mm and 5mm respectively. The short culms were split, rough planed to remove nodal protrusion and green epidermal layer before soaked in hydrogen peroxide treated hot water for 24 hours to improve strips resilence to insect and fungal attack. The dried strips were dressed, glued, cured and finished to produce bamboo-lam. For the flat bamboo strips produced, the percentage recovery index (RI) after splitting was 75% and reduced to between 50-57% after surface planed. Untreated strip was prone to attack while soaking in hot hydrogen peroxide treated water for 24 hours-improved their resilience to degradation and insect attack. The dimensions, percentage RI and durability of strips produced from Bambusa vulgaris thus depend on its culm features, handling skill, equipment and treatment. Bamboo laminates of width 25 x (5-8)mm were produced from the flat bamboo strips produced. This study has been able to produce durable bamboo strips and laminates from Bambusa vulgaris Schrad using common carpentry tools and machines. The bamboo-lam produced is suitable for manufacturing bamboo-based products for interior use. "Item Preliminary investigation of emission characteristics of shaving from three wood species utilized for furniture production in Ibadan, Oyo State(International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, 2012) Adewole, N. A.; Oyewola, M. O.; Salau, T. A. O.; Bello, R. O.; Raji, T. O.Carpentry workshop is among the prominent and active components of the Nigerian wood industrial sector. The activity in carpentry workshop inevitably generates different categories of wastes. Shavings is among the wood wastes generated in large quantity and the common means of disposing it in major town like Ibadan in Oyo State is by combusting. Large percentage often finds its way to household where it's often used to subsidize fuel for domestic cooking. However, this means of disposal may be prone to health hazard due to the emission released during its combustion. This work examines the combustion characteristics of three typical wood species that are commonly use for furniture production in Ibadan, Oyo state. The species were combusted in Bubbling Fluidized Bed (BFB) combustion under various operating conditions. The result shows that Carbon monoxide (CO) emission is pronounced in the combustion of all the wood species. In all the three cases, Milicia excelsa (Iroko) and Tectona grandis (Teak) have the lowest and highest CO emission respectively. It is suggested that if this waste must be used as fuel for domestic cooking, appropriate technology must be employed especially where low combustion temperature is desirable. However, proper disposition of this waste should be encouraged.Item Challenges of sustaining wood industries and raw material supply in Nigerian depressed economy(Forests and Forest Products Society, Department of Forest Resources Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2012) Adewole, N. A.Engineering drives social, economic and human development and underpins our knowledge of society and infrastructures. It is a major factor in innovation and in the rise and fall of civilization. The challenge of sustaining wood industries and the supply of wood as raw material in Nigeria at this era of economic depression is considered an engineering challenge. It is believed that engineers are specifically trained to defy challenges in order to attain a set goal. Hence, this paper is devoted to reviewing impact of economic depression on wood supply to Nigerian wood sector and accompanying challenges to engineers. The way out was enumerated to include the development of alternative raw material from array of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) to complement wood supply, development of capacity for local fabrication of wood working machines and continue research on means of developing local methodologies and engineers are to also re-focused to adapt and domesticate modern technologies. If our nation can properly harness its resources and engineering, we would certainly be able to stay afloat of the present troubled economy.Item Recycling of Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad) recovered from scaffold into material for furniture production(Faculty of Engineering and technology of LAUTECH, 2013) Adewole, N. A.; Bello, K. O."Interest is growing daily on the utilization of bamboo as a reliable supplement to wood in furniture production to mitigate the scarcity of wood raw material supply. This study explored the viability of recycling bamboo recovered from scaffold into intermediate raw material for indoor furniture production. Strips were processed from the recovered Bambusa vulgaris Schrad and were subjected to conventional treatment methods with some modification to simplify the treatment. The durability of the treated strip was evaluated in accordance with ASTM D2017. A storage shelf was designed and fabricated using laminates made from the bamboo strips. The diameter and wall thickness of the recovered bamboo culms ranges from 6.00cm -10.00cm and 10.00mm- 12.70mm respectively. The result shows that ordinary soaking of the strips in water for 3 weeks could make the strips to be sufficiently resistant to termite attack but fairly resistant to powder post beetle. Application of kerosene as a secondary treatment will make the resistance of the bamboo strip effective to powder post beetle. A Complete-Knock-Down (CDK) Magazine shelf suitable for office use was fabricated using road side carpentry workshop tools. This study was able to recycle Bambusa vulgaris recovered from scaffolding material into suitable raw material input for the manufacturing of indoor furniture."Item Preliminary Evaluation of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Tree Branches for Truss Fabrication in Nigeria(2006-05) Lucas, E.; Olorunnisola, A.; Adewole, N. A.Some physical and mechanical properties of small diameter poles obtained from guava (Psidium guajava L) tree branches in relation to their potential use for truss fabrication were determined. The average green moisture content of wood from five replicate samples of debarked tree branches was 84%. The wood samples were naturally resistant to termite attack with and without the bark on. The mean oven-dry density of the wood samples was 674 kg/m3. This puts it in the density category of the preferred species for rafter and truss fabrication in Nigeria. The mean modulus of elasticity of the air-dried samples (at 50% moisture content) was 2829.1 N/mm2 while the corresponding mean modulus of rupture was 9.2 N/mm2. To evaluate the practicality of the proposition, a 2-metre, 4-web Pratt truss was designed and a prototype was successfully fabricated with the poles jointed with nailed plywood gusset plates.Item An overview of Rattan distribution In four states In South-South part of Nigeria(Marsland Press, 2011) Adewole, N. A.; Onilude, A. M.Rattan, a non-timber resource in Nigeria's South-South forests remains largely unexplored. To create schedule for unlocking its potentials, this study investigates its availability, distribution and current utilization pattern in Akwa-Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross-rivers and Rivers States in Nigeria. Information was collected using structured questionnaire and on-the-spot-assessment while data was analyzed using simple statistical tools. The four states has rattan in abundance but unevenly distributed. Ten rattan species belonging to Lascopermas, Eremosphata and Calamus genera was identified in the study areas. Apart from Bayelsa State, its commercialization has begun insignificantly and without standard grading rule. The available products made from it are household items (70%) and furniture (30%). The estimates of unexploited rattan in Bayelsa and other three states are about 95% and 80% respectively. The traditional harvesting technique still subsists while users rarely treated harvested rattan. About 3.7m length of rattan costs about N30 as at December 2009. The study establishes that rattan resource is in abundance, unevenly distributed and yet to be appropriately commercialized in all the four states.Item Excel Interface utilization in automation of design Process of ergonomic classroom furniture for primary school pupils in Nigeria(2012-09) Adewole, N. A.; Isedowo, B.Usage of ergonomically unsuitable classroom chairs and desks promotes bad posture while bad postures affect students' learning, performance and health. Attention is rarely paid to ergonomic fitness of classroom chair and desk used by primary school pupils in Nigeria up till now. This study investigated classroom furniture status in the Staff School, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria and developed an automated procedure for designing ergonomically suitable chair cum desk model for the pupils' use. A total of 72 Pupils were randomly selected from primary one to six. Relevant dimensions of pupils and their furniture were collected and used in establishing mismatch. The pupil anthropometry data were incorporated in the design process for the model of classroom chair cum desk in use and the design process automated to encourage production of ergonomically suitable classroom furniture for the pupils in the University of Ibadan Staff School. The Result shows that the classroom furniture items offered to the pupils in the school are ergonomically inadequate despite the assumed awareness of its implication.Item Evaluation of wood properties of C. albidum tree grown in Akinyele Local Government Area of Ibadan, Nigeria in Relation to its Utilization(Trans Tech Publications Switzerland, 2012) Adewole, N. A.; Ajibi, A. B.Fruit trees are hardly ever sought for their wood until recently. Fruit trees like C. albidum is now being used for structural and non structural purposes in city suburbs. This study investigated wood properties and few tree characteristics of C. albidum grown in Akinyele Local Government Area (ALGA), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The aim was to mitigate the dearth of information on these features in relation to its utilization. Samples were collected from five emerging settlements in the study area while structured questionnaire and on-the-spot assessment were the instruments employed for data collection during survey stage. Physical appearance, moisture content (MC), green and oven-dry density, specific gravity of oven-dry samples, natural durability against termite, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) were determined via experimentation. Samples used for static bending strength were prepared in accordance with ASTM D 143 standard of 1991. The obtainable mean bole length, basal, middle and top girths were 4958mm, 1823mm, 1473mm and 1427mm respectively and the tree is moderately buttressed. The wood is brownish white, crossed grain, coarse textured and fairly resistant to termite attack. Averagely on wet basis, MC and density are 52.46 %, 949 kg/m3 respectively and dry density is 739 kg/m3. Also MOR and MOE are respectively 1964N/mm2 and 1163.60N/mm2 . The wood density compares with that of few commercially known tree species in N7-strength group thus preferred for non-structural than structural use especially when high bending stress is required.Item Appraiser of roadsid carpentry workshop in Iwo, Osun state, Nigeira(2012) Adewole, N. A.; Bello, R. O.Cardiovascular disease has been recognized as the world’s leading cause of death and disability accounting for about 40% of all human mortality. Cardiac arrhythmia is a name for a large family of cardiac behavior that shows abnormalities in the electrical behavior of the heart. Cardiac action potential depicts the electrical wave propagation within the heart. This work presented the mathematical modeling of the action potential within the human cardiovascular system. The electrical activity of the heart is best mathematically modeled by coupled systems of differentials equations consisting of ordinary differential equations(ODEs) and partial differential equations (PDEs), mainly reaction-diffusion types. These equations are non-linear and present themselves as stiff problem, hence, difficult to solve numerically. More so, whole heart simulation using these models is a challenging scientific computing problem due the complex geometry and small scale details of human heart. In this work, the bidomain model was adopted for the modeling due to its ability to reflect the actual wave propagation in the cardiac tissue. The bidomain model was coupled with FitzHugh-Nagumo’s ionic model and then discretized in time using the explicit forward Euler method. A 2-D Java-based computer program was developed to simulate the adopted model. The generated wave was compared with the theoretical standard. The obtained results are very useful in that they provided valuable information on cardiac arrhythmias