DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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Item Finite element analysis of von-mises stress distribution in a spherical shell of liquified natural gas (LNG) pressure vessels(2011) Adeyefa, O.; Oluwole, O."This research work investigated the modeling of Von Mises stress in LNG Spherical Carbon Steel Storage tank using assumed displacement Finite Element analysis based on shallow shell triangular elements. Using equations of elasticity, constant thickness carbon steel spherical storage tanks were subjected to different loading conditions. This paper stresses the need for proper definition of shallow element using sector angles to obtain the shallowness. The shallow spherical triangular element has five degrees of freedom at each of its corner node, which are the essential external degrees of freedom. The assumed displacement fields of these shallow triangular elements satisfied the exact requirement of rigid body modes of motion. The FORTRAN 90 programming language was used for the programme coding to solve finite element equations resulting from the model while Von Mises stresses distribution within the spherical storage tank shell subjected to different internal pressures were determined. The results showed that the use of non-shallow elements due to improper sector angles resulted in unreliable results while real shallow elements produced results that tallied with ASME Section VIII Div 1, Part UG values. "Item Finite element analysis of von-mises stress distribution in a spherical shell of liquified natural gas (LNG) pressure vessels(2011) Adeyefa, O.; Oluwole, O."This research work investigated the modeling of Von Mises stress in LNG Spherical Carbon Steel Storage tank using assumed displacement Finite Element analysis based on shallow shell triangular elements. Using equations of elasticity, constant thickness carbon steel spherical storage tanks were subjected to different loading conditions. This paper stresses the need for proper definition of shallow element using sector angles to obtain the shallowness. The shallow spherical triangular element has five degrees of freedom at each of its corner node, which are the essential external degrees of freedom. The assumed displacement fields of these shallow triangular elements satisfied the exact requirement of rigid body modes of motion. The FORTRAN 90 programming language was used for the programme coding to solve finite element equations resulting from the model while Von Mises stresses distribution within the spherical storage tank shell subjected to different internal pressures were determined. The results showed that the use of non-shallow elements due to improper sector angles resulted in unreliable results while real shallow elements produced results that tallied with ASME Section VIII Div 1, Part UG values. "Item Finite element modeling of seismic response of field fabricated liquefied natural gas (LNG) spherical storage vessels(Scientific Research, 2013-06) Adeyefa, O.; Oluwole, O.All real physical structures behave dynamically when subjected to loads or displacements. This research paper, therefore, presents seismic response of field fabricated liquefied natural gas spherical storage vessels using finite element analysis. The seismic analysis procedure used represents a practical approach in quantifying the response of spherical storage vessel with its content when it is subjected to seismic loading. In the finite element method approach, six degrees of freedom per node is used for legs/column of the spherical storage tanks. Lumped mass procedure is employed to determine system mass matrix of the structure. Computer programme code is developed for the resulting matrix equation form finite element analysis of the structure using FORTRAN 90 programming language. The modeling of the seismic load utilizes the ground acceleration curve of a site. From the results of the modal analysis, the system is uncoupled thereby gives way to the application of Newmark’s method. Newmark’s method as one of the widely used time-step approach for the seismic response is applied. The developed programme coding is validated with analytical results (P > 0.5). It shows that the approach in this research work can be successfully used in determine the stability of large spherical storage vessels against seismic loadings when base acceleration spectral of the site are known. This approach gives better results than the static-force approach which gives conservative results. While the approach used in this research treats seismic loads as time event, static-force approach assumed that the full ground force due to seismic motion is applied instantaneously.Item Finite element modelling of insulation thickness for cryogenic products for spherical storage pressure vessels(Scientific Research, 2012-06) Adeyefa, O.; Oluwole, O.This study investigates various insulation thicknesses requirements for double-walled spherical pressure vessels for the storage of cryogenic liquids. The inner tank is suspended from the outer tank by straps or cables and the annular space between the tanks is filled with insulation. The outer tank is not subjected to the freezing temperatures and is thus assumed to be a standard carbon steel sphere. In the Finite Element Analysis model of the system, one dimensional analysis was employed. This is due to the assumption that temperature gradient does only exist along the spherical radial direction. In the developed model, once the thickness of the inner shell has been determined based on relevant standards and codes—ASME Sec VIII Div 1 or 2, BS 5500 etc. and the thickness of the outer shell is known; the required insulation material thicknesses were calculated for different insulating materials. Set of equations resulting from Finite Element Analysis were solved with computer programme code which was written in FORTRAN 90 programming language. The results obtained are validated by analytical method. The results showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) with values obtained through analytical method. The thicknesses for different insulating materials in-between inner and outer tank shells were compared. The results showed that as the insulating material thickness was increased, the heat flux into the stored product was decreasing and at a certain thickness; it started increasing. The insulating thickness at which this happens is termed as critical thickness of insulating material—the thickness of insulation at which the heat influx to the stored products is minimal; this would therefore reduce boil-off of the stored cryogenic product. High thermal conductivity insulating materials need to be thicker than lower thermal conductivity insulating materials if the system is conditioned to have the same heat flux into the stored product for all insulating materials. In the simulation, different insulating material gives different minimal heat influx into the stored products.