DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
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Item Structural Characterization of Ijero – Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria Kaolin for Use as Refractory Material(Department of Industrial &Production Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Nigeria, 2016) Bolarinwa, M. A.; Oyawale, F. AThis work investigates the structural properties of a selected kaolin deposit in Ijero – Ekiti, Nigeria. Some processed quantity of the clay was collected and prepared for laboratory analyses. Sieve and X-ray Diffraction analyses were carried out on the clay sample whilst still in the as – received state, using the electric sieve and X-ray Mini Diffractometer respectively for the tests. Sieve analysis results showed that the Ijero – Ekiti kaolin is fine textured. X-ray analysis showed kaolinite which melts at 1700OC when pure to be prominent in the clay type. In conclusion, the clay type from the Ijero – Ekiti kaolin deposit, with its high content of kaolinite, is highly refractory in nature, and so will adequately serve as a refractory material suitable for foundry uses. This study has significance in sourcing for quality refractory materials for the development of foundries for metallurgical purposes. In essence, Ijero-Ekiti Kaolin from Ekiti State, Nigeria can be classified as a refractory material useful in meeting foundry demands.Item Noise level assessment in selected Nigerian plank industries: Bodija, Olorunsogo and Olunde in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria(2018) Bolarinwa, M.The nature of work that is commonly done in sawmills, together with the quantity of woods being worked on generate a lot of noise to the working environments. Noise is hazardous to human health as it can cause increased blood pressure, sleep deprivation and other physiological as well as psychological effects on the workers. The aim of this study was to assess the noise exposure level of sawmill workers to evaluate their safety at work. Three sawmills, all located in Ibadan, Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria were selected for study. Noise level measurements for planning, circular and drilling machines used in the three sawmills were determined using a precision sound pressure tester measurement. The fraction of exposure, and daily personal exposure levels for each of the machines were obtained. Also, questionnaires were administered to obtain subjective responses from the workers on their demographic data, their knowledge about sawmill noise and impact, as well as perception of noise on the workers. SPSS version 20 was used for data entry and analysis. The nature of work that is commonly done in sawmills, together with the quantity of woods being worked on generate a lot of noise to the working environments. Noise is hazardous to human health as it can cause increased blood pressure, sleep deprivation and other physiological as well as psychological effects on the workers. The aim of this study was to assess the noise exposure level of sawmill workers to evaluate their safety at work. Three sawmills, all located in Ibadan, Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria were selected for study. Noise level measurements for planning, circular and drilling machines used in the three sawmills were determined using a precision sound pressure tester measurement. The fraction of exposure, and daily personal exposure levels for each of the machines were obtained. Also, questionnaires were administered to obtain subjective responses from the workers on their demographic data, their knowledge about sawmill noise and impact, as well as perception of noise on the workers. SPSS version 20 was used for data entry and analysis.Item Materials procurement order development for feed manufacturing in a teaching and research farm in western Nigeria using multi-objective optimization approach(2018-07) Bolarinwa, M. A.; Akinrinde, E. M.Although an essential but scarce resource, money is constantly required for the purchase of raw materials necessary for a continued production of livestock feeds. Improper management of available capital can lead to stoppage of production activities, low productivity and loss of customers’ good will. Therefore, there is the need to manage effectively the little capital available. This study was aimed at developing and solving a model that can determine the procurement order for raw materials considering the liquid capital constraint. An animal feed firm was investigated and data on materials (bill, quantity ratio, cost); products list; supplier’s list; product demand; liquid capital available and the available lead time amongst others were collected by means of interviews, observations and existing records. These were thereafter analysed to form the required parameters. A multi-objective optimization model was developed using linear programming technique as a tool for procurement order of materials in the firm and solved using two different soft wares (Tora 1.0 and Lingo 14.0). Selection of suppliers was based on payment term. 6 products, 13 materials, 7 suppliers, 2 days and ₦138,856 were obtained from the bill of materials, suppliers list, available lead time and liquid capital available respectively. A total weekly demand of 22,600kg of product was also obtained from the product demand. A total of 205 parameters were obtained from the analysed data. The developed model exhibited 3 objective functions (maximize profit on all products, minimize waiting time for all raw materials and minimize the total cost of raw material), 32 variables (Q1...q1) and 78 constraints (t1 ≤ 0.28… t13 ≥ 0). Same optimal values (0, 0, … and 0.55) were obtained from the use of Lingo 14.0 and Tora 1.0. Moreover, 211.97₦kg was realised as the optimum value for the objective function. The supplier IBM, with the most flexible payment term was selected to supply nine out of the 13 materials. The developed model will be useful in ensuring effective management of the available liquid capital for material procurement, thereby eliminating the stoppage of production activities, improving productivity and ensuring customers’ good will.Item Efficiency analysis of UTME registration process in Nigeria: case study of a typical CBT centre in Ibadan, Oyo State(2018-03) Bolarinwa, M. A.; Olowolaju, E. O.JAMB UTME, the only entry route for admission into any Nigerian tertiary institution has few accredited centres having adequate facilities where registration can be carried out. This has resulted in pressure on the few accredited centres within the short timeframe allowed for registration. Thus, there is need for efficiency in the registration process to ensure that as many students as possible are registered within the short timeframe, while maximising financial turnover of registration centre operators. A JAMB UTME registration centre in Ibadan, Nigeria was studied. The requirements and procedures of the registration process were studied through personal observation and interviews during site visits, as well as questionnaires. PERT approach was used to determine the expected time for performing the registration process based on the reported values by the operators. With the aid of a stopwatch, time study was carried out on the registration process. The difference between standard and expected times was used to determine the efficiency of the centre. A cause and effect analysis was carried out to investigate the immediate and root causes of inefficiency. Information gathered include required tools and procedures involved in the registration process. The expected time was found to be 13 minutes while the standard time was discovered to be 6 minutes and 54 seconds, indicating that the efficiency level of the system was at 53%. From the cause and effect analysis, 7 immediate and 15 root causes were found to be responsible for the inefficiency observed. Finally, it was found that inefficiency exists in the process, and as such, it becomes necessary to take some remedial actions so as to improve the efficiency of the whole process.Item Techno-economic analysis of the use of waste polyethylene (pure water sachet) as a modifier for bituminuous road construction in Nigeria(Techno-economic analysis of the use of waste polyethylene (pure water sachet) as a modifier for bituminuous road construction in Nigeria, 2018-04) Bolarinwa, M. A.; Adeosun, P. O.; Egwuatu, J. U.JAMB UTME, the only entry route for admission into any Nigerian tertiary institution has few accredited centres having adequate facilities where registration can be carried out. This has resulted in pressure on the few accredited centres within the short timeframe allowed for registration. Thus, there is need for efficiency in the registration process to ensure that as many students as possible are registered within the short timeframe, while maximising financial turnover of registration centre operators. A JAMB UTME registration centre in Ibadan, Nigeria was studied. The requirements and procedures of the registration process were studied through personal observation and interviews during site visits, as well as questionnaires. PERT approach was used to determine the expected time for performing the registration process based on the reported values by the operators. With the aid of a stopwatch, time study was carried out on the registration process. The difference between standard and expected times was used to determine the efficiency of the centre. A cause and effect analysis was carried out to investigate the immediate and root causes of inefficiency. Information gathered include required tools and procedures involved in the registration process. The expected time was found to be 13 minutes while the standard time was discovered to be 6 minutes and 54 seconds, indicating that the efficiency level of the system was at 53%. From the cause and effect analysis, 7 immediate and 15 root causes were found to be responsible for the inefficiency observed. Finally, it was found that inefficiency exists in the process, and as such, it becomes necessary to take some remedial actions so as to improve the efficiency of the whole process.Item Investigation of the bonding characteristics of termite hill clay in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria for use in foundries(2018) Bolarinwa, M.On annual basis, the activities of termites to man’s habitat have been found to be destructive. Interestingly, man still goes in search of these insects day-in-day-out because of their usefulness in making life more convenient. In this work, the bonding characteristics of an active termite hill clay in the as – received state have been investigated. Three (3) different layers of clay: (Outermost layer -TCH 1; middle layer -TCHM 1 and innermost layer -TQH 1) from a termite colony were separately collected from a forest settlement in Akure, Nigeria, prepared and analyzed by means of compressive strength testing using an Instron Universal tester and mineralogical composition characterization using X-ray mini diffractometer. While results of the compressive strength testing showed that TQH 1, the innermost layer withstood the maximum compressive load of 3,370.27612N and absorbed 51.56948J in the process, results from the mineralogical composition characterization revealed that TQH 1 contained Sillimanite which melts around 1,850°C. This work is of paramount importance to the use of locally available materials, and in large quantities in Nigeria at little or no cost. This has implication for the development of foundries and foundry activities in order to meet up with the increasing demands of the foundry.Item Techno-economic evaluation of biogas generation from selected substrates in a teaching and research farm in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria(2018-06) Bolarinwa, M.Biogas, a form of renewable energy (biofuel) and whose by-products include methane, carbon-dioxide and other gases, depending on substrate type is producible from various substrates, with varying degrees of yield level and quality. However, the climatic and energy requirements in realising the optimum yield remain uncertain and vary with the environment. Therefore, this work was centred towards determining the substrate(s) that would give the optimum yield of methane and carbon-dioxide, under Nigerian climatic conditions. Two different substrates were collected and processed by means of anaerobic digestion for twenty-one days using a continuous flow digester. The synthesized gases were tested for a period of two days at varying atmospheric temperature, and humidity for methane, carbon-dioxide, energy yields, and other gases for each day, using AZ77535 gas analyzer and a gas detector. Economic analysis of the data obtained was also conducted. The substrates collected were cow-dung and pig-dung from University of Ibadan’s teaching and research farm. While pig dung yielded 59% and 53% of methane with 35% and 39% of carbon-dioxide at 33.7°C, 71% and 26°C, 50.1%; cow dung yielded 52% and 44% of methane with 30% and 33% of carbon-dioxide at 32.6°C, 65% and 27°C, 52%, as well as energy contents 18,266KJ/m3; 17,311KJ/m3 and 16,177KJ/m3; 13,817KJ/m3 for days one and two respectively. Pig dung gave a higher yield of methane and carbon-dioxide than cow dung, regardless of the working atmospheric temperature and humidity. Economic analysis of the biogas yield showed a potential saving of $267.24for the first year of production. This information is useful in setting up biogas processing plants in Nigeria.Item Materials for medical devices(University of Cape Town Library, Cape Town, 2019) Saidi, T.; Dare, A. A.; Fasogbon, S. K.; Ewemoje, O.; Anyaeche, O.; Bolarinwa, M.; Adetoyi, O.; Adewole, K.; Lawal, O.; Coker, A.O.Item Mutli-objective methods for welding flux performance optimization(Faculty of Natural Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Ljubljana, 2010) Adeyeye, D. A.; Oyawale, F. A.The traditional welding flux development is by lengthy and costly trial and error experiments and the optimum welding flux formulation is not guaranteed. This paper presents discussions on promising multi- objective decision making (MODM) methods that can mitigate the limi- tations of the traditional approach to welding flux design. The methods are weighted-sum scalarization (WSS), desirability indices, goal pro- gramming and compromise programming. The steps a welding flux de- signer (WFD) may follow to determine the best compromise welding flux, welding flux design situations where each may be useful and trade- off explorations were mentioned. No attempt was made to determine the relative merits of the approaches because the usefulness of each depends on the welding flux design situation. The descriptions only serve as a guide for the WFD to decide which method best suits his needs.Item Evaluation of safety practices and performance in a brewery industry in Nigeria between 2000 - 2007(World bank assisted National Agricultural Research Project (NARP)- University of Port Harcourt and supported by the Institute of Petroleum Studies(IPS) and Swets Information Services BV, The Netherlands., 2011) Oyawale, F. A.; ODior, A. O.; Bolanle, R. O.Safety practices and performance in a brewery industry in Nigeria was evaluated for a period of eight years between 2000 - 2007 using the principles of statistical expectation and efficiency index. The number of prevented accidents and the corresponding values of lives and property saved were estimated annually for the same period of eight years. The type of input resource, total number of input resources, total number or prevented accidents by class, the unit cost of each of the accident class, the cost of input resources, quantity of each type of input resources and the targeted period were identified. The study revealed that a total of 156 accidents were prevented in the period of the safety programme which translates to an average of 19.45 per year. The safety programme also saved lives and property worth N20.2 million for the eight year period which is at an average of N2.5 million annually. The computation of efficiency indices due to the use of all the input resources when compared with the standard period and it was discovered that all the resources were well utilised. The significance and benefits of the work to the local community and other industries is that the principles of statistical expectation and efficiency index can be easily applied to analyse the performance of safety programme in the industries.