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Item Factors affecting the attitude of librarians towards research in library and information science: a case study of Imo State, Nigeria(Nigerian Library Association, Plateau State Chapter, 2011-12) Akinde, T. A.; Nse, J.This work is about factors affecting the attitude of librarians, especially in Imo State, to Library and Information Science (LIS) research. The purpose of the study is to determine whether the research contributions of librarians in the State in terms of published works are really significant or not; to identify' constraints to LIS research and suggest solution to the lack of research publications o f librarians in the State. The work delved on the history of LIS research in Nigeria from the colonial era till date after which relevant literatures were reviewed. Survey research method was used for the study and three research questions were formulated as a guide for the study. The target population is the total number of Librarians in academic libraries in Imo State, which is seventy five (75) in this instance. Since the population is not too large, the total population was purposively used and no sampling was required. Questionnaire was the main instrument used for data collection; hence, seventy five (75) copies of the questionnaire were given out to all the librarians in the State. Sixty (60) of the librarians participated in the research and duly filled and return their questionnaire (representing 80% rate of return). Data so collected were analyzed descriptively, while research findings were presented in tables and discussed. It was found that majority of the librarian in Imo State are not publishing. Also, among the constraints to LIS researches as perceived by the respondents are: lack of mentoring or inability to find someone to help in “breaking the ice ”; low level of author collaboration; negative altitude to quantitative techniques; terminating academic work at either 1st/ 2nd degree level that may not have been research based in the first instance; lack of time because of heavy workload and the rigidity of library procedures; lack of relevant / current library resources available where librarians are working and lack of or inadequacy of personal library of LIS books and journals. However, the study concluded and made recommendations on how the LIS research efforts of librarians in the Stale can he enhanced.Item THE REFERRAL SYSTEM AND FEEDBACK PROCESS BY MEDICAL CONSULTANTS AT THE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE HOSPITAL, IBADAN.(2012-12) OLADOYIN, V. O.Referral is an essential two-way process linking the three tiers of health care together. Lack of feedback is a common constraint to the proper functioning of the referral process and information is lacking on the factors which affect this process. This study was therefore designed to assess the knowledge, level of practice as well as the factors influencing the feedback process in the two-way referral system by medical consultants at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. A cross-sectional study of all medical consultants (82) who routinely receive referrals and actively provide specialized patient care at the University College Hospital, Ibadan was carried out. Using a self-administered questionnaire, information on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, practice and the factors affecting the two-way referral process was obtained from respondents. Validation was done by assessing all new patients� records (1,207) in their clinics. Knowledge scores ranged between 0-8, scores of 0-4 were classified as poor knowledge and 5-8 as good knowledge. Chi-square test was used to determine association between categorical variables at 5% level of statistical significance. The mean age of the respondents was 46.5 �7.5 years, 64.6% of the respondents were males and 51.2% had 15-24 years working experience as a doctor. The respondents included were surgeons (17.1%), dentists (15.9%), paediatricians (14.6%), physicians (12.2%), obstetrician and gynaecologists (9.8%), psychiatrists (6.1%), community health physicians (6.1%), haematologists (6.1%), radiotherapists (4.9%), ophthalmologists (3.7%), and otorhinolaryngologists (3.7%). Although 84.1% of the respondents had good knowledge of the two-way referral system, only 56.1% reported sending feedbacks. Evidence of feedbacks was available however in only 9.7% of case notes. The decision to send feedbacks was based on the reason for referral and detail of clinical information supplied by the referring healthcare provider as reported by 42.7% and 32.9% of the respondents respectively. Ignorance of the existence of the feedback system (14.6%), lack of commitment to the practice of sending feedbacks (13.4%), inadequate resources (11.0%) and a heavy patient load (9.8%) were identified by respondents as challenges to the two-way referral system. Most (97.6%) of the respondents believed that there was a need to improve the feedback system. Working experience was significantly and positively associated with sending of feedbacks. Feedback was also significantly associated with the existence of a coordinating system for referrals within the departments. Feedbacks were given more on outpatients than inpatients. Feedbacks from Ophthalmologists were significantly higher than those from other consultants. A feedback was also more likely if the information on the referral letter to the consultants contained detailed information. Knowledge about the two-way referral system was high in the study population but the feedback practice was poor. There is a need for a mechanism to monitor referrals, provide adequate resources and re-orientate medical consultants about the feedback.