Economics
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Item Characteristics and behaviour of African factor markets and market institutions and their consequences for growth(Center for International Development, Harvard University, 1999-12) Adenikinju, A. F.; Oyeranti, O.This paper provides a detailed characterisation of the structure and behaviour of African factor markets and the institutions that impact on their operations. It shows that the African factor markets are imperfect and inefficient, thus constraining economic growth. The paper posits that for the current reform programmes to succeed, policy that enhances the efficiency and competitiveness of the African factor markets must be put in place.Item Economics and environmental-health risk assessment for sustainable development of the gold mining industry in Nigeria(University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, Department of Engineering Management, 2024) Oyeranti, O.Though the gold mining industry potentially generates employment and increases Nigeria’s foreign exchange, the crude practices of artisanal miners often exacerbate environmental degradation and health hazards. Hence, humans face health risks when excessively exposed to the heavy metals released during gold mineralization. This study, therefore, adopts a descriptive approach towards suggesting a comprehensive economic evaluation and risk analysis for managing the impact of gold mining industry sustainably and bearing in mind people’s health that should equally be managed in a healthy and sustainable manner. A review of existing Environment-Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) studies on gold mining areas in Nigeria reveals that the estimated risk quotients are generally above recommended limits consequent upon inadequate enforcement of mining precautions. This study, therefore, argues that incorporating EHRA studies and considering economic costs and benefits of mining could provide an objective benchmark for managing various estimated health risk quotients and returns from more gold mining. For Nigeria’s, harnessing opportunities in the gold mining industry requires interdisciplinary drive that seeks to incorporate environmental-health risks into optimization of gold mining industry. Appropriate policy interventions will be expedient for gold mining industry to be less harmful and not constitute direct threat to sustainable development in Nigeria.Item Demand for international reserves: a case for reserves accumulation in Nigeria(Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Research Department, 2011-09) Bankole, A. S.; Olaniyan, O.; Oyeranti, O.; Shuaibu, M. I.This paper examined the determinants of international reserves holding in Nigeria, where a huge amount of foreign reserves is necessary to ensure good macroeconomic policy and international credit worthiness. Adopting a dynamic modeling approach combined with the Mizon-Richard encompassing test, both precautionary and mercantilist motives explain holding of foreign reserves in Nigeria. Specifically, the current account variability and past levels of external reserves drive reserve holding in the short run. In the long run, the former and the money supply are significant determinants. Therefore, enhancement of exports through support for quality and competitiveness of non-oil exports are key to reserves management.Item Production, trade and livelihoods of cotton producers in Nigeria(Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2011-06) Bankole, A. S.; Olaniyan, O.; Oyeranti, O.; Abdulrahaman, M.The sustainable livelihood framework is applied to the context of cotton production and trade in Nigeria’s cotton belt with focus on small cotton farmers vulnerability to natural and environmental disasters; the effects of which policies and programmes were formulated to mitigate. The study aims at the application of multidisciplinary knowledge to the study of households and their livelihoods. In addition, the study helps to augment the pool of livelihoods research in Nigeria. With the aid of interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), primary data were obtained from purposively selected communities in five northern states of Nigeria; namely Kano, Katsina, Kaduna, Zamfara and Jigawa in addition to secondary data on Nigeria’s cotton sector. The key finding of the study suggests that farmers are vulnerable to natural and environmental disasters as well as policy shocks to which some programmes and projects are targeted. The study also finds that institutional interventions to reduce vulnerabilities have been less successful in dealing with the restoration of small cotton farmers’ economic and social capital assets. Consequent upon the findings of the study, the adoption of sustainable livelihoods is germane for addressing cotton farmers ’ vulnerabilities in order to guarantee the success of poverty reduction strategies meant to help combat poverty for cotton producers.