Petroleum Engineering

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Author: search.filters.author.Akintola, S. A.Subject: search.filters.subject.Rheological properties

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    Application of micronized Carboxymethyl starch as additive in water–based mud
    (Vyskumny ustav pre ropu a uhlovodikove plyny (VURUP), 2023) Akintola, S. A.; Orisamika, O. B.
    Biodegradable natural products are increasingly investigated for different industrial applications mostly due to wider range of disposal options with minor health, safety and environmental impacts. In the petroleum industry, research into the products of natural polymeric materials to substitute synthetic chemical products used as additives in drilling fluids is aimed at reducing the overall cost and environmental impact of drilling operations. In this study, micronized carboxymethyl starch (CMS) was investigated and compared with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as additive in water–based mud. Natural starch obtained from yam, potato tubers, and rice was modified by carboxymethylation, micronized to different particle sizes, and analyzed using Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) Spectrometry. The rheological properties of the mud were determined at different micro–sizes (63µm and 75µm) and concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 grams) of the additives, and temperature ranging between 30⁰C to 85⁰C following the American Petroleum Institute recommended practice (API RP 13B–1). The major functional groups identified in the starch products are six–membered ring carbonyl group at 1735cm–1, carboxyl group at 1605cm–1 and 1650cm–1, and methyl group between 1450cm–1 to 1300cm–1. The CMS at 63µm compared favourably with CMC and had approximate average yield point/plastic viscosity ratio of 1.5 above 30oC. The results further showed that CMS is a suitable alternative viscosifier to CMC for water based mud and recommended for field trials.
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    Evaluation of drilling muds enhanced with modified starch for HPHT well applications
    (Springer, 2020-10) Sulaimon, A. A.; Akintola, S. A.; Johari, M. A. B. M.; Isehunwa, S. O.
    The use of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in oil and gas well drilling operations has improved the filtration loss and mud cake properties of drilling muds. The introduction of starch has also reduced, for example, the viscosity, fluid loss, and mud cake properties of the drilling fluids. However, normal starch has some drawbacks such as low shear stress resistance, thermal decomposition, high retrogradation, and syneresis. Hence, starch modification, achieved through acetylation and carboxymethylation, has been introduced to overcome these limitations. In this study, modified starches, from cassava and maize, were used to enhance the properties of water-based muds under high-pressure high temperature (HPHT) conditions, and their performances were compared with that of the CMC. The mud samples added with acetylated cassava or maize starch exhibited the smallest filtrate volumes and filtrate losses within the American Petroleum Institute specification. Therefore, these modified starch-added muds could replace CMC as fluid loss agents since, unlike it, they can withstand HPHT conditions.