Public & International Law
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Item Political corruption through misappropriation of covid-19 funds and reliefs in Nigeria(Faculty of Law, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, 2020) Adeyemo, D. D.The year 2020 remains a year cast in global history for the sudden onset of a deadly disease which shut down nations of the world and imposed huge economic effects. The Covid-19 pandemic predisposed many countries, including Nigeria, to splurges in public spending to alleviate economic hardship imposed by the pandemic. Consequently, allegations of political corruption and misuse of public funds was rife in the political landscape. Over 1 billion dollars was allegedly drawn from both external and foreign sources for government spending towards Covid-19 pandemic mitigation funds. By late 2020, social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook became awash with gory stories of hoarded and fraudulently converted relief materials by political and public leaders. While Nigeria has an established legal framework in combating corruption generally, it has been shown by previous studies that the legal framework has not achieved much in combating the menace of corruption from a legal standpoint. Much of the existing legal framework is reactive rather than proactive. With respect to Covid-19 response funds, emergency assistance loan to the government from international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) was conditioned upon certain terms such as external and periodic audit to forestall the possibility of misappropriation and corruption. It remains to be known how far effective the terms have been. Given the nature of the allegations of corruption, would the existing legal framework apprehend the dimension of political corruption elicited by Covid-19 pandemic? This paper examines the subject of political corruption in Nigeria within the context of Covid-19 pandemic. It adopts a purely doctrinal and desktop legal research approach in analysing the existing laws on corruption and the emerging dimensions of political corruption introduced by Covid-19 induced public corruption. It proposes a more proactive approach to the subject of political corruption in Nigeria through accountability and transparency in public spending and non-legal approach which incorporates the role of non-governmental organisations.Item Procurement law in Nigeria: challenges in attaining its objectives(Sweet & Maxwell, 2012) Osuntogun, A. J.Item Corruption in the defence sector and armed conflicts in Nigeria: defining the nexus(Department of Public Law and Department of Jurisprudence and International Law, Faculty of Law, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2017) Adeyemo, D. D.Ordinarily, armed conflicts and corruption appear disparate, but studies have shown that the two concepts are not unconnected. While a comprehensive definition of corruption seems elusive, it is clear that it plays an overarching role before, during and after armed conflicts. In the last decade, Nigeria has suffered immensely from the ills of internal armed conflicts which are easily traced to poor governance, ethnic/religious crises, political and economic inequality, insurgency and so on without any direct link to the role of corruption. This paper attempts a theoretical explanation for the link between armed conflicts in Nigeria and corruption in the Defence sector with specific focus on Boko Haram insurgency in the north-eastern part of Nigeria. The paper examines the capacity of a state to offer good governance and provide security within and around its borders and its direct impacts on the incidence and dynamics of internal armed conflicts. The greed and grievance theory may have proffered the possible nexus between internal armed conflicts and corruption but the exact role of corruption in armed conflicts is situation-specific. While corruption may not necessarily initiate internal armed conflicts, it may be an underlining factor in shaping the incidence, duration and character of armed conflicts. In about a decade since the insurgency started, Nigeria has suffered immensely from and is still grappling with the ills of internal armed conflict. The susceptibility of the Nigerian defence system to corruption and manipulative activities of politicians reveals the ills of corruption before, during and after armed conflict. Corruption in arms and military equipment procurement, lack of transparency in military expenditure and contracts, laundering of proceeds of such corrupt deals by corrupt military officials have far-reaching consequences in exacerbating armed conflicts. This paper focuses on the Armsgate scandal of 2014 and the subsequent report by Transparency International (TI).