Pathology
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Item Distribution and characteristics of endometriotic lesions in South- Western Nigeria: A single institutional experience(Zambia Medical Association, 2019) Ajani, M. A.; Salami, A.; Nwanji, I. D.; Olusanya, A. A.; Fatunla, O. E.Background: Endometriosis poses a significant burden mainly to women of child bearing age. Historically, endometriosis was thought to be of low prevalence among African women. However, recent studies have documented an increased prevalence than previously thought. This study aimed to determine the distribution and characteristics of endometriotic lesions among Nigerian women . Methods: A retrospective study of all histologically diagnosed cases of endometriosis from the records of the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan from 1st January, 1997 to 31st October, 2018.The age of the women, location and distribution of the lesions were analysed. Results: A total of 85 cases of endometriosis were diagnosed histologically in the period under review. The mean age was 35 years with an age range of 18 to 52 years. The most commonly affected age groups were those between 30-39 years (47.1%) and 20-29 years (30.6%). The most commonly affected site was the ovary (58.8%) followed by the umbilicus (11.9%) and fallopian tubes (9.4%). Fourteen patients (28%) had bilateral ovarian involvement. Left sided ovarian lesions predominated (61.1% versus 38.9%). Eighteen (21.2%) patients had lesions at more than one site frequently involving both ovaries. Conclusion: Endometriosis affected mainly women of childbearing age with particular predilection for the ovaries. Endometriosis affecting the umbilicus is not uncommon among Nigerian women.Item Pediatric meningiomas in Southwestern Nigeria: A single-institutional experience(Elsevier Inc., 2019) Salami, A. A.; Okunlola, A. I.; Ajani, M. A.; Adekanmbi, A. A.; Balogun, J. A.BACKGROUND: Meningiomas are the second commonest intracranial tumors in many places worldwide. They are rare in the pediatric age group, however, and most studies have been able to document only a few patients. Meningiomas in pediatric patients have also been shown to behave differently from those in the adult population. This study was done to examine histologic types of meningiomas seen in pediatric patients from a predominantly African population using the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) grading system for intracranial tumors. METHODS: Data from the operating logs of patients and histology reports of the samples sent to the pathology department during the study period were extracted. The data obtained were the age, sex, location of the intracranial tumor, histologic diagnosis, WHO grade, and tumor recurrence. RESULTS: Nine pediatric age patients were found among the 166 surgically excised meningiomas received at the pathology department in our institution over a 19-year period. The age range was from 8 months to 17 years. There was a male-to-female ratio of 1:2 with a female predominance. Six tumors were basally located. All tumors were WHO grade I, with transitional meningiomas being the commonest, followed by meningothelial. There was no history of recurrence in any of the tumors after complete surgical excisions. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed the rarity of meningiomas in the study population, and there was a predominance of basally located tumors.Item Malignant ameloblastoma: a challenging diagnosis(Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, 2018) Salami, A.; Ezenkwa, U.; Salami, M.; Ajani, M. A.; Okolo, C.Ameloblastoma is an uncommon and locally aggressive, benign, odontogenic tumor, with local recurrence when not adequately excised. A rare variant of this neoplasm with the benign features but accompanied with metastases has been described. This rare variant is malignant ameloblastoma and is known to have a poor prognosis. We present the case of a young woman who had recurrent mandibular tumors, which were resected twice and histologically reported as ameloblastoma. Four years later, she presented with pulmonary metastasis and atelectasis. A review of the literature on this very rare neoplasm was also performed.Item Malignant ameloblastoma: a challenging diagnosis(Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, 2018) Salami, A.; Ezenkwa, U.; Salami, M.; Ajani, M. A.; Okolo, C.Ameloblastoma is an uncommon and locally aggressive, benign, odontogenic tumor, with local recurrence when not adequately excised. A rare variant of this neoplasm with the benign features but accompanied with metastases has been described. This rare variant is malignant ameloblastoma and is known to have a poor prognosis. We present the case of a young woman who had recurrent mandibular tumors, which were resected twice and histologically reported as ameloblastoma. Four years later, she presented with pulmonary metastasis and atelectasis. A review of the literature on this very rare neoplasm was also performed.Item Malignant ameloblastoma: a challenging diagnosis(Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, 2018) Salami, A.; Ezenkwa, U.; Salami, M.; Ajani, M. A.; Okolo, C.Ameloblastoma is an uncommon and locally aggressive, benign, odontogenic tumor, with local recurrence when not adequately excised. A rare variant of this neoplasm with the benign features but accompanied with metastases has been described. This rare variant is malignant ameloblastoma and is known to have a poor prognosis. We present the case of a young woman who had recurrent mandibular tumors, which were resected twice and histologically reported as ameloblastoma. Four years later, she presented with pulmonary metastasis and atelectasis. A review of the literature on this very rare neoplasm was also performed.Item Hormone–receptor expression status of epithelial ovarian cancer in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria(Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, 2018) Salami, A.; Ezenkwa, U.; Salami, M.; Ajani, M. A.; Okolo, C.Ameloblastoma is an uncommon and locally aggressive, benign, odontogenic tumor, with local recurrence when not adequately excised. A rare variant of this neoplasm with the benign features but accompanied with metastases has been described. This rare variant is malignant ameloblastoma and is known to have a poor prognosis. We present the case of a young woman who had recurrent mandibular tumors, which were resected twice and histologically reported as ameloblastoma. Four years later, she presented with pulmonary metastasis and atelectasis. A review of the literature on this very rare neoplasm was also performed.Item Malignant ameloblastoma: a challenging diagnosis(Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, 2018) Salami, A.; Ezenkwa, U.; Salami, M.; Ajani, M. A.; Okolo, C.Ameloblastoma is an uncommon and locally aggressive, benign, odontogenic tumor, with local recurrence when not adequately excised. A rare variant of this neoplasm with the benign features but accompanied with metastases has been described. This rare variant is malignant ameloblastoma and is known to have a poor prognosis. We present the case of a young woman who had recurrent mandibular tumors, which were resected twice and histologically reported as ameloblastoma. Four years later, she presented with pulmonary metastasis and atelectasis. A review of the literature on this very rare neoplasm was also performed.Item Malignant ameloblastoma: a challenging diagnosis(Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, 2018) Salami, A.; Ezenkwa, U.; Salami, M.; Ajani, M. A.; Okolo, C.Ameloblastoma is an uncommon and locally aggressive, benign, odontogenic tumor, with local recurrence when not adequately excised. A rare variant of this neoplasm with the benign features but accompanied with metastases has been described. This rare variant is malignant ameloblastoma and is known to have a poor prognosis. We present the case of a young woman who had recurrent mandibular tumors, which were resected twice and histologically reported as ameloblastoma. Four years later, she presented with pulmonary metastasis and atelectasis. A review of the literature on this very rare neoplasm was also performed.Item Pattern of triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer in indigenous African women [version 1; referees: 2 approved(F1000 Research Ltd, 2016) Ajani, M. A.; Salami, A. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Oluwasola, A. O.Background: Triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer (TNEOC) refers to ovarian carcinomas that do not express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-type 2 (HER-2/neu). The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer in indigenous African women. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of ER, PR, and HER-2/neu expression in 90 Nigerian patients with histologically diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer. Lack of expression of ER, PR, and HER-2/neu antigens was used to determine carcinomas that are among the TNEOC. We also compared the clinicopathological parameters (age, International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, grade, and histological subtype) in patients with TNEOC and non-TNEOC. Results: Thirty-eight (42.2%) of the 90 tumours diagnosed as EOC were negative for ER, PR, and HER-2/neu expression. There was no significant association between TNEOC with other parameters such as age, FIGO stage, and histological grade. Sixteen (66.7%) of the 24 mucinous carcinomas were triple negative, while only 21 (33.3%) of the 63 serous carcinomas were triple negative, and one (50%) of the two endometrioid carcinomas was triple negative. There was a significant association between triple-negative tumours and histological subtypes of EOC (p = 0.034). Conclusions: A subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer that is negative for ER, PR, and HER-2/neu has been discovered in indigenous African women. TNEOC expression is high and is comparable to the triple negative breast cancer subtype seen in people of African ancestry. Future study of TNEOC in a large sample size should be considered.Item Histopathological pattern of primary ovarian neoplasms in south‑western Nigeria(Association of Resident Doctors of Jos University, 2016) Ajani, M. A.; Aramide, K. O.; Salami, A. A.; Okolo, C. A.Background: Ovarian tumours are common forms of neoplasms in women. This study aims to determine the histopathological pattern of primary ovarian neoplasms in south-western Nigeria. Method: A retrospective study was undertaken to review the histopathology reports of all primary ovarian neoplasm specimens submitted to the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan from January 1991 to June 2013. Patients’ biodata were extracted from request forms and surgical day books. Results: There were 821 cases of primary ovarian neoplasms. Surface epithelial neoplasms accounted for 359 (43.7%) of cases and were found in patients aged 10–89 years. Germ cell tumours numbered 313 (38.0%) in patients aged 0–70 years, while sex cord stromal tumours numbered 146 (17.8%) in patients aged 0–99 years. Among benign ovarian neoplasms, Mature Cystic Teratoma was the most common (54.7%) with the 20–29 year age range having the highest frequency. Among primary malignant ovarian neoplasms, serous cystadenocarcinoma was the most common (33.2%) and most frequent in the 50–59 year age group. Conclusion: Surface epithelial tumours were the most common ovarian neoplasms followed by germ cell tumours. This histopathological pattern is observed in most parts of Nigeria, some African and Asian countries, and in the Western world.