Pathology
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Item Hormonal receptor expression in endometrial carcinoma: a retrospective immunohistochemical study in a Nigerian tertiary hospital(Medknow, 2022) Odetola, S. S.; Ajani, M. A.; Iyapo, O.; Salami, A. A.; Okolo, C. A.Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the commonest genital tract malignancy in most developed nations, but it lags behind cervical carcinoma and ovarian cancers in most developing nations including Nigeria. Estrogen has been described as a promoter of endometrial carcinogenesis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the frequency of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expressions of endometrial carcinoma and to correlate it with tumour grade. Materials and Methods: Cases of endometrial carcinoma diagnosed in the Department of Pathology over a 10-year period were reviewed retrospectively. The paraffin-embedded blocks were retrieved, and immunohistochemistry for ER and PR was performed on them. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides were reviewed, and tumours were graded by three independent pathologists. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22. The level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: There were 44 cases of endometrial carcinoma. ER and PR were positive in 29.5% and 18.2% of endometrial carcinoma, respectively. There was no significant association between ER (P = 0.361) and PR (P = 0.204) expressions and histological grade of the tumour. The most common histological grade was grade 3 with 70% of cases (36 cases), whereas 13 cases (26%) were grade 2 and only 2 cases (4%) were grade 1. Conclusion: The positive expressions of ER and PR in endometrial carcinoma suggest that steroid receptor studies may be of potential benefit in the management of some patients with endometrial carcinoma. Future studies employing larger sample size are therefore recommended.Item Hormone–receptor expression status of epithelial ovarian cancer in Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria(African Field Epidemiology Network, 2017) Ajani, M. A.; Salami, A.; Awolude, O. A.; Oluwasola, A. O.Epidemiological evidence strongly suggests that steroid hormones are implicated in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Estrogen receptor (ER) and Progesterone receptor (PR) are prognostic indicators for a number of epithelial tumors and may play the same role in ovarian cancers. This study aims to evaluate the expression of ER and PR in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in an African population and compare it with other prognostic factors such as age, International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, grade and histological subtype. Methods: Ninety cases of histologically confirmed EOC were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess their ER and PR expression status and was then compared with other demographic variables using statistical methods, with level of significance set at p < 0.05. Results: 30.2% and 8.3% of serous and mucinous carcinomas respectively were ER positive while 41.2% and 22.5% of both tumour types were PR positive. One of the two endometrioid carcinomas showed PR expression but neither were positive for ER. The only case of Brenner tumour in the series was ER positive but negative for PR. There was a significant association between ER and the histological subtypes (p = 0.042) while no significant association was found between PR expression and histological subtypes (p = 0.650). No significant association was found between hormone receptor status, age and stage of the EOC. Conclusion: The study showed a lower ER expression in serous carcinoma compared to large cohorts from developed countries. Future translational studies could be used to determine response of EOC to endocrine therapy.