Physics
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Item Assessing Wildfire Occurrence in West Africa with Atmospheric Co₂ Removal(2025-06) Uzoma E.K.; Otunla T. A.; Nymphas E. F.; Ogunsola O. E.; Adeniyi M. O.The increase in wildfire occurrence is one of the consequences of the recent global temperature rise. Understanding wildfire occurrence in West Africa under atmospheric carbon dioxide removal is significant because of its implications on climate systems, ecosystems, agriculture, and socioeconomic development. This study projected the impacts of atmospheric carbon dioxide removal on fire occurrence in West Africa by analyzing the CNRM ESM1 C1 model output for the Carbon Dioxide Removal Model Inter-comparison Project (CDRMIP). Four climatological periods–1990–2019 (reference period), 2040 – 2069, 2070–2099 and 2100-2129 were analyzed using four fire indices. The periods 2040–2069, 2070–2099, and 2100–2129 have 42%, 45.9%, and 49.4% of “No Fire” category among other categories, respectively, with the Lebanese Index. With Mark 4 Grassland Fire Danger Index, a low category of fire risk is also predominant at 95.6%, 96.4%, and 66.1% for 2040–2069, 2070–2099, and 2100–2129, respectively. None of the indices projected a case of high, very high, or extreme risk in any period. “Low risk” category is predominant with all indices, particularly in Cote D’Ivoire, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Togo, Benin, and Nigeria. The low-risk category for fire occurrence during carbon dioxide removal in West Africa suggests a favorable outcome for the region’s ecosystems, agriculture, and communities. The study highlights the potential benefits of CDR beyond carbon removal, such as enhanced resilience, sustained productivity, and reduced vulnerability to climate-induced hazards like wildfires.Item Variability and Probabilistic Extremes of Some Climatic Elements over Ibadan(2008) Otunla, T.A.; Oladiran, E. O.; Adeniyi M. O.Data on different climatic elements, like monthly rainfall monthly mean relative humidity, monthly lowest relative humidity; monthly mean temperature, monthly mean maximum and minimum temperatures with their monthly extremes values and monthly mean prevailing wind speeds over Ibadan for the months of January through to December during the period of 1979 through to 2005 have been considered to study their variability and to determine the probabilistic extreme values of these elements. The probabilistic extremes values have been computed for 3 time scales: In 1 year out of 4 years, in 1 year out of 10 years and in 1 year out of 25 years- representing relative more frequent events, moderately extreme events and extreme events, respectively.Item High temperature and pressure impact on volume of Ore deposits; itagunmodi gold deposit, South West Nigeria as a case study(2012) Adetoyinbo, A. A.; Bello, A. K.; Hammed, O. S.An understanding of the Earth’s interior depends on information about the behavior and properties of matter under high pressures and temperatures. An equation of state that connects pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) is very important. This work examines the impact of high temperature and pressure on the formation and maturity of sediment-hosted disseminated gold (SHDG) deposits in Itagunmodi, Osun State, Nigeria located in the clayey soil types derived from variably migmatised gneiss, biotite-and-biotite-homblende- gneiss and weathered amphibolites respectively. The melting temperatures of gold were determined by differential thermal analyses. After application of appropriate correction for the effect of pressure on emf of thermocouples, the melting curves are linear with the isothermal volume of the melting solid to within the precision of the measurement. This melting point of gold at variable high temperature and pressure, if extrapolated could be used as a primary standard for measurements.