Obstetrics. & Gynecology

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Author: search.filters.author.Oluwasola, T. A. O.Subject: search.filters.subject.Screening

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    Determinants of cervical cancer screening uptake among women attending selected family planning clinics in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
    (2020) Ndikom, C. M.; Ajibade, A. B.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.
    Background: Cervical cancer screening (CCS) continuously has low awareness and is poorly utilized in developing countries despite higher incidence of cervical cancer (CC). Increasing incidence of CC has been associated with late reporting of symptoms, ignorance about the disease, and its preventive measures. This study was conducted to further investigate the determinants of CCS uptake among women attending selected family planning clinics in Ibadan, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Adopting a cross‑sectional design, 205 consenting respondents attending family planning clinics were interviewed using an interviewer‑administered questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. The hypotheses were tested using Chi‑square, odds ratio, and logistic regression at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 33 ± 8 years; 176 (85.9%) were married and 72 (35.1%) had tertiary education. Although 71% of the respondents were aware of CC, only 37.1% had good knowledge and 16.1% had previously utilized CCS. About two‑thirds (68.8%) of the respondents were willing to uptake CCS, except for perceived barriers such as lack of understanding of the disease and inadequate information about the services coupled with limited availability of the CCS services. There was a significant association between uptake of CCS and knowledge (χ2 = 17.944, P < 0.001), education (χ2 = 7.724, P < 0.024), and income (χ2 = 32.22, P < 0.001). On logistic regression, the uptake CCS remained influenced mainly by income of >40,000 Naira (OR = 5.355, CI = 1.678–17.083) and knowledge (OR = 3.112, CI = 1.247–7.768). Conclusion: Family planning clinics are readily available centers for increasing the knowledge base of the women on the need for regular CCS. This needs to be duly incorporated into our routine services.
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    Comparative effectiveness of 50g glucose challenge test and risk factor based screening in detection of gestational diabetes mellitus in Ibadan, Nigeria.
    (2015) Bello, O. O.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.; Adeleye, J. O.; Adedapo, K. S.; Maxwell, O.; Odukogbe, A. A.
    Context: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates 3-5% of pregnancies. Prompt diagnosis helps to prevent its subsequent complications and one-step effective screening method is desirable for our environment. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of 50g glucose challenge test (GCT) with risk factors alone in screening for GDM. Study Design: Prospective study of booked, consenting pregnant women with no previous history of diabetes mellitus. Fasting sample of venous blood was obtained for plasma glucose, followed by administration of SOg oral glucose and collection of blood sample an hour later. The process was repeated after a week using 7Sg oral glucose; each patient serving as her own control. Threshold blood glucose of 140mg/dl was used for both post-ingestion tests. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17. Results: All the seventy-nine study participants completed the 2 arms. Mean maternal and gestational ages at recruitment were 30.8+1.2 years and 24.2+1.6 weeks respectively. Among the respondent, 3S( 44.3%)were nulliparous while24(30.3%) had positive risk factors for GDM. The 50g GCT was abnormalin 10 patients (12.7%) while GDM was confirmed in 2 patients giving an incidence rate of2.5%. The 50g GCT was normal in 89.6% of women withnormat75g OGTT and it was more predictive of GDM (Positive Predictive Value, PPV -20%) compared to risk factors only (PPV-11.1 %). Conclusion: Using 50g GCT will enhance selection of patients for confirmatory test for GDM as compared to risk factors alone. It would therefore be of great benefit in this environment.