Obstetrics. & Gynecology

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/525

Browse

End date: 2025Subject: search.filters.subject.Cervical cancer

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Awareness and attitude of female undergraduates of University of Ibadan towards human papilloma virus (HPV) and its vaccine.
    (2019) Oluwasola, T.A.O.
    Background: Struma ovarii—an uncommon type of benign germ-cell tumor of the ovary—is mainly composed of thyroid tissue. The presence of ascites has been reported in*20% of all cases, while a combination of struma ovarii and elevated serum levels of cancer antigen (CA)–125 has been rarely reported. Case: A 57-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with a complex pelvic mass associated with ascites and marked elevation of serum CA-125. The clinical impression was ovarian malignancy and she was worked up for staging laparotomy. During surgery, she had total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and omentectomy following significant intraoperative findings of 7600mL of straw-colored ascitic fluid and a right ovarian mass (with both cystic and solid components) measuring 10 cm • 12 cm • 12 cm. A final diagnosis of struma ovarii was made histologically. Results: There was an immediate resolution of the ascites and associated normalization of the patient’s serum CA-125 level following surgical excision of the pelvic mass. At a 6-month follow-up, she remained free of ascites or tumor recurrence while her laboratory and clinical parameters have also remained normal. Conclusions: Clinically, struma ovarii can mimic ovarian malignancy, especially when presented as a complex mass with associated ascites and a high serum CA-125 level. This should be considered when evaluating ovarian masses. ( J GYNECOL SURG 35:38)
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Comparative efficacy of visual inspection with acetic acid versus cytology for cervical cancer screening in Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
    (2017) Abiodun, A. B.; Durodola, A. O.; Ajani, M. A.; Amole, I. O.; Abiodun, A. D.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.
    Background: Screening test for cervical cancer using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) has been advocated by World Health Organization as a suitable, low cost and feasible alternative modality for control of cervical cancer in resource-poor settings as compared to cytological and colposcopic screening. The need for reproducibility, accuracy and comparable efficacy will influence the acceptability of VIA as primary screening modalities for cervical cancer. Methods: A cross–sectional comparative study conducted at BUTH. Data were obtained from 318 consenting women aged 30–65 years using a systematic random sampling method and an interviewer–administered structured questionnaire. Pap smear samples were taken followed by visual inspection with acetic acid. Using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0, Frequencies were obtained and Chi-square test (X2) was used to compare rates and proportions with the level of statistical significance set at less than 0.05. Results: Positive results for premalignant cervical lesion was 1.3% and 4.1% for VIA and Pap smear respectively (X2=4.52; p=0.034). The sensitivity of VIA was 7.7% with positive predictive value of 25% while specificity was 99.0% with a negative predictive value of 96.2%. The prevalence of abnormal cervical lesion in the population studied was 4.1% (95% CI 2.2% – 6.9%). Conclusions: The detection rate for pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix using VIA was significantly lower than that of Pap smear in this study. There may be needed to exercise caution in adopting VIA as primary screening modality for cervical cancer.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Building capacity to control cervical cancer in Nigeria: a case study
    (IOP Publishing, Cairo, 2022) Adewole, I. F.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.; Morhason-Bello, I. O.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Awareness of cervical cancer and screening in a Nigerian female market population
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2005) Ogunbode, O. O.; Ayinde, O. A.
    Background: Cervical cancer, although largely preventable, remains a leading cause of cancer death among females in the developing world. The study was aimed at providing useful information on awareness of market women, who are from diverse social backgrounds, about cervical cancer and evaluate U1e extent of utilisation of Papanicolaou's smear by them, It was also aimed at determining the prevalence of risk factors for development of cervical cancer among the population. Methods: TI1is cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out among market women at Aleshinloye market in November 2003, among 483 randomly selected respondents. A questionnaire probing into their sexual history, awareness about cervical cancer and the extent of utilisation of Pap smear was the survey instrument. Results: The majority (79.5%) of the women were sexually active. One hundred and eighty-six (38.5%) had early sexual debut and 163 (33.7%) had multiple sexual partners. Only 197 respondents (40.8%) were aware of cervical cancer. Of these, 95 (19.7%) were aware of Pap smear as a screening test. The common media of awareness were radio and television (46.6%), public lecture (27.8%) and friends/ relatives (19.9%). However, only 25 respondents (5.2%) have had previous Pap smear done. Conclusion: Though the market women are at considerable risk of developing cancer of the cervix, they are poorly informed about the disease and its prevention. Therefore, there is need for continuous awareness campaign and well-organized screening programmes among this unique category of women.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Society of obstetrics and gynecologOkapani, A.y of Nigeria – clinical practice guidelines: guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer
    (Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2019) Ezechi, O. C.; Okusanya, B. O.; Aimakhu, C. O.; Adesina, O. A.; Ohihoin, A. G.; Usman, H. A.; Umeora, O. U.; Akinola, R. I.; Anorlu, R.; Sagay, S. A.; Audu, B.; Fasubaa, O.; Oguntayo, B. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Ezeanochie, M.; Fawole, A.; Ijaiya, M.; Onyebuchi, A.; Dattijo, L.; Osagie, O. E.; Fabanwo, A.; Iketbuson, F.; Fawole, A. O.; Afolabi, B.; Agbogoroma, C.; Sadauki, H.; Okapani, A.; Yakasai, Y.; Muthir, J.; Okonta, P.
    Clinical practice guidelines have been developed by professional societies globally. Each guideline although based on published scientific evidence reflected each country’s socioeconomic peculiarities and unique medical environment. The Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Nigerian has published guidelines in other clinical areas; however, this is the first edition of practice guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer. The Guidelines Committee was established in 2015 and decided to develop the first edition of this guideline following Delphi pool conducted among members which selected cervical cancer prevention as the subject that guideline is urgently needed. These guidelines cover strategies for cervical cancer prevention, screening, and management of test results. The committee developed the draft guideline during a 2‑day workshop with technical input from Cochrane Nigeria and Dr. Chris Maske, Lancet Laboratories, South Africa. The recommendations for each specific area were developed by the consensus, and they are summarized here, along with the details. The objective of these practice guidelines is to establish standard policies on issues in clinical practice related to the prevention of cervical cancer.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Cervical cancer worldwide
    (2018) Vu, M.; Yu, J.; Awolude, O. A.; Chuang, L.
    Cervical cancer is the forth most common cancer among women globally. The burden faced by low- and middle- income countries is significantly greater than high-income countries. The disparity is a direct result of the differences in resources. Developed nations have organized vaccination and screening programs that have decreased their cervical cancer incidence. More readily available personnel and technology exists to implement appropriate treatment modalities. However, for many underdeveloped nations, the scarcity of resources and infrastructure make such preventative and treatment programs limited or even nonexistent.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Consensus recommendations for the prevention of cervical cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (2013) Adewole, I. F.; Abauleth, Y. R.; Adoubi, I.; Amorissani, F.; Anorlu, R. I.; Awolude, O. A.; Botha, H.; Byamugisha, J. K.; Cisse, L.; Diop, M.; Doh, S.; Fabamwo, A. O.; Gahouma, D.; Galadanci, H. S.; Githanga, D.; Magure, T. M.; Mabogunje, C.; Mbuthia, J.; Muchiri, L. W.; Ndiaye, O.; Nyakabau, A. M.; Ojwang, S. B. O.; Ramogola-Masire, D.; Sekyere, O.; Smith, T. H.; Taulo, F. O. G.; Wewege, A.; Wiredu, E.; Yarosh, O.
    Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women in sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that more than 200 million females older than 15 years are at risk in this region. This paper highlights the current burden of cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, reviews the latest clinical data on primary prevention, outlines challenges in the region, and offers potential solutions to these barriers. Based on these factors, clinical recommendations for the prevention of cervical cancer from the sub-Saharan African Cervical Cancer Working Group expert panel are presented.