FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/262

Browse

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Endocrine disruptors-arsenic, cadmium and lead in pre and postmenopausal black women with breast cancer
(University College Hospital, Ibadan, 2017) Ajayi, O. O.; Charles-Davies, M. A.; Anetor, J. I.; Ademola, A. F.
Background: The involvement of toxic metals in adiposity has been suggested to be contributory to the high incidence of breast cancer, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study is aimed at evaluating serum arsenic, cadmium and lead in relation to adiposity and blood pressure in Nigerian women with breast cancer. Methodology: The study comprised 85 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer pre-therapy (cases) matched with 84 apparently healthy women without breast cancer (controls) according to age and menstrual phase. Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Blood pressure and anthropometry were determined by standard methods. Data analysed by Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results: Cd and Pb levels were significantly higher in cases, compared with controls (p<0.05). Waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), weight, height, waist hip ratio (WHR), waist height ratio (WHtR) were significantly higher in cases compared with controls (p<0.05). Cadmium positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure while FT4 inversely correlated with arsenic in the cases (p<0.05). Conclusion: Observations in this study suggest the involvement of these toxic metals in adiposity which could be involved in breast carcinogenesis.
Leptin concentrations in African blacks with metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes mellitus
(David Publishing, 2011) Fabian, U. A.; Charles-Davies, M. A.; Adebusuyi, J. R.; Ebesunun, M. O.; Ajobo, B. M.; Hassan, O. O.; Adigun, K.; Owolabi, M. O.; Oyewole, O. E.; Olaniyi, J. A.; Fasanmade, A. A.; Akinlade, K. S.; Arinola, O. G.; Agbedana, E. O.
Background: Mortality rate from metabolic/cardiometabolic syndromes (MS/CMS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are highly prevalent in African blacks known with higher mortality from cardiovascular diseases than caucasians. Leptin, a satiety-regulating hormone increases in obesity and is associated with cardiovascular risk and prediction of MS. This study is designed to evaluate leptin in Nigerians with MS and DM2 to assist in the early diagnosis and prevention of metabolic diseases. Methods: 136 participants (45 with MS, 47 with DM2 and 44 apparently healthy individuals (controls)) aged 18-80 years were included in a cohort study at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Measures of adiposity-%body fat, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences (WC and HC respectively), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and blood pressure were obtained by standard methods. 10 ml of blood were obtained from each participant after an overnight fast (10-14 h) and analysed for leptin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and glucose by standard methods while low density lipoprotein (LDL) was calculated. Data obtained were analysed statistically with SPSS software version 16.0. Results: Weight, BMI, WC, HC, WHR, %body fat, blood pressure, TG, LDL-C, and glucose were significantly higher while HDL-C was significantly lower in individuals with MS and DM2 compared with controls (p<0.039). Leptin levels were significantly higher in MS group and not in DM2 group when compared with controls (p=0.000). Leptin did not correlate with any of the biochemical indices (p>0.05) tested but correlated significantly with different measures of adiposity in all groups. Leptin correlated negatively but significantly with blood pressure in MS group only. Conclusion: Increases in leptin levels in both MS and DM2 groups might reflect adiposity. Observed high leptin levels in MS group might be a compensatory mechanism for maintenance of weight/fat loss and blood pressure. Its routine analysis may assist in assessing adiposity associated with MS and DM2 for probable prevention of metabolic diseases.
Serum polychlorinated biphenyls and bisphenol-A levels in Nigerian women with breast cancer
(2014-06) Ajayi, O.; Charles-Davies, M. A.; Anetor, J. I.; Ademola, A. F.
Endocrine disruptors (EDs)-polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and bisphenol-A (BPA) have been associated with increased risk of breast cancer (B.Ca). In Nigeria, there is increase in breast cancer incidence. This has been attributed to increased use and exposure to EDs. Although, several studies have been done on breast cancer, there is paucity of information on the serum levels of these EDs in Nigerian women. This study therefore aims at determining the serum levels of PCBs and BPA in breast cancer patients.Eighty women aged 18-70 years were recruited with informed consent after institutional ethical approval. They were 40 participants with breast cancer pre-treatment (cases) matched with 40 apparently healthy women (controls). They were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. Demographic indices: age, age at menarche (AM), age at menopause (AMP) and anthropometric indices: height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio (WHT) were obtained from the pre-test questionnaire administered and standard methods respectively.10 ml of venous blood was collected from each participant and sera obtained were analyzed for PCB and BPA. These were determined by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data were analyzed using Student t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient, p was significant at <0.05.Results showed increases in the height, weight, WC, HC, WHR, WHT, PCB and BPA serum levels in cases compared with controls. Positive correlations were observed among WC and WHR, WHT, HC; HC and WHT; WHR and WHT in both cases and controls. However, positive correlations among height, weight, WC and WHR; BMI and weight were observed in cases only. Weight correlated negatively with age at menarche (AM) only in controls. The differences and correlations were statistically significant (p<0.05).Mechanisms involving PCB, BPA and adiposity may be involved in breast cancer aetiology. Reduction of environmental pollution and dietary modulation may be helpful.