Civil Engineering
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/565
Browse
17 results
Search Results
Item Traffic flow rate on Kigali roads: a case of national roads (RN1 and RN3)(Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 0201-06) Nyirajana, J.; Akintayo, F. O.; |Coker, A. O.Traffic flow study plays a key important in various functionalities of cities all over the world. The study of traffic flow is also viewed as an essential facility of the country when it wants to establish traffic operations patterns in the progress of road planning. Blockages are accountable for a sequence of harmful effects such as loss of time, scheduling difficulties, carbon dioxide production, and risks of accidents as well as external expense. Besides, inadequate transportation facilities and increased traffic volume hamper urban development, especially in developing nations. The objective of the study was to assess the traffic flow state in two selected national roads of Kigali city. The traffic data were collected from 5 am to 8 pm on two National Roads (RN1 and RN3). The relationship between density and flow rate was analyzed using the fundamental diagram of traffic flow. It was found that the peak hours were from 6 am to 8 am and 5 pm to 8 pm. The highest number of vehicles counted were motorcycles due to shortcuts taken to reduce travel time. The results on RN3 revealed a proportion increase of traffic flow and density in the free-flow regime from 0 to maximum flow of 3346.6 veh/h correspondent to a critical density of 229.9 veh/km. However, in the congested zone regime, there was a decrease in traffic flow and an increase in density. It was found that the curve of flow versus density tended to increase on-road RN1. This study proposed the promotion of public transport and e-commerce as strategies to mitigate the congestion. Also, further research may be carried out on all roads of Kigali city, to provide the level of congestion useful for traffic deviation accordingly.Item Geotechnical properties of natural composite rock in Ibadan, Nigeria(Akamai University, 2012) Adebisi, N. O; Akintayo, F. O.The physical property of a rock is a pointer to its suitability for civil engineering works. In this study the suitability of composite rock as construction materials is established. Thirty-four fresh block samples of quartz-schist masses were obtained from three locations in Ibadan, Nigeria. Thin sections were prepared from two representative samples, while others were subjected to standard geotechnical laboratory testing. Regression plots were made to assess the degree of association between pairs of dependent physical parameters of the rock. The results show in thin section that individual quartz crystals of the samples have complexly sutured outlines and mutual interlocking. Modal analysis reveals quartz as the dominant mineral with subordinate amounts of muscovite. The density (y) is the least variable parameter and ranges between 2600 and 2660 kg/m3. Water absorption ranges between 0.64 and 3.39 %, indicating good rock materials for construction. Regression analysis shows that approximately 20% of the variation in density and 2% of the void ratio were associated with porosity and water absorption capacity of the rock respectively. These are due to different proportions of quartz and muscovite with voids in the quartz-schist.Item Heuristic approach to course scheduling in a resource-constrained environment(University of Nairobi, 2009-06) Akintayo, F. O.; Oluleye, A. E.This paper describes a simple heuristic for course scheduling in a resource-constrained environment.Item A simple trafic flow simulator for two-lane highways(University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2012) Akintayo, F. O.; Agbede, O.The highway network is an common feature on highways in many cities of the world. Including Ibadan, Nigeria. Previous studies have shown that several mathematical traffic flow models developed to analyse congestion cannot be easily generalized or adapted to varying situation. A simple traffic flow simulator was developed in the paper to stimulate flow for different congestion seanarios by varying the minimum and maximum headways if vehicles. Comparison of simulated and field values for a heavily trafficked highway in Ibadan metropolis produced an error of 35 % at high vehicular interactionItem Reliability Assessment of Bridge Decks: A Case Study of Three Bridges Along Lagos – Ibadan Expressway.(2012) AGBEDE O.A.; AJAGBE W.OThe ageing and gradual deterioration of bridges in Nigeria needs balancing of cost-effective plans for bridge maintenance, rehabilitation and replacement. This research aims at assessing the reliability of bridges using three existing highway bridges along Lagos-Ibadan expressway as a case study. Visual inspection, sounding, half-cell potential and chloride concentration tests were utilized to evaluate the conditions of the bridges. Deteriorations were observed on the decks’ surfaces. The level of corrosion on one deck was active and uncertain in the remaining two. The chloride concentrations on all the decks were within AASHTO standards and only one of the decks had delaminated. The results revealed that none of the decks needs total replacement but all require some form of rehabilitation.Item Use of the Beam Analogy Approach to Predict the Ultimate Shear Strength of Prestressed Flat Slab(2012) AGBEDE O.A.; AJAGBE W.O.The aim of the study was to predict the ultimate shear strength of a prestressed flat slab at the slab-column junction using the beam analogy approach. The beam analogy method, with other shear strength prediction methods such as the methods proposed by Hawkins, ACI 318-02, CSA A23.3-2004 were studied. The results were compared with the BS Code results to determine the variation in shear strength values. The approach employed a hypothetical flat slab layout, which was analyzed and designed for shear using all the various approaches while considering centre, edge and corner conditions. Values of the shear capacity were obtained using spreadsheet by varying the depth of the slab, and the area of the column. The values of the shear capacity of all the four methods were compared with the BS 8110. The results showed that there was a close relationship between the beam analogy approach and the BS 8110 method of shear strength prediction. As the depth of the slab increased, the beam analogy method was found to be more conservative, and as expected, the concrete shear stress at the slabcolumn junction reduced with increase in slab depth, which is the same depth for the idealized beam. Also, as the column area increased, while other parameters held constant, the shear strength at the junction was fortified. Also increasing the column area gave a closer relationship between the beam analogy approach and the BS Code than increasing the slab depth.Item Comparative Study on the Design of Elevated Rectangular and Circular Concrete Water Tanks(2012) AGBEDE O.A.; AJAGBE W.O.Reinforced concrete overhead water tanks are used to store and supply safe drinking water. Design and cost estimation of overhead water tanks is a time consuming task, which requires a great deal of expertise. This study therefore examines the efficiency of Rectangular and Circular tanks. Tanks of 30m3, 90m3, 140m3 and 170m3 capacities were used in order to draw reasonable inferences on tank’s shape design effectiveness, relative cost implications of tank types and structural capacities. Limit state design criteria were used to generate Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Design Program, named MESDePro for quick and reliable design. The basic tank’s construction materials- steel reinforcement, concrete and formwork were taken-off from the prepared structural drawings. Results of the material take-offs showed that, for each of the shapes, the amount of each structural materials increase as the tank capacity increases. Also Circular-shaped tank consumed lesser individual material as compared to Rectangular ones. Hence, this will give Circular-shaped tanks a more favoured selection over the rectangular shaped tanks.Item Construction and building materials(2012) AGBEDE O.A.; AJAGBE W.O.This study researches into solid waste management in South-West Nigeria in relation to pollution control using a an North as a case study. The generation pattern storage, collection and transportation, and the final disposal of solid waste ocean government are all discussed. Data used for this study were collected by the use of structured questionnaires and oral interviews. Analysis of the data revealed that all the functional elements of solid waste management system in the local government and the city of lbadan in general as practiced by existing institution - Ibadan Solid Waste Management Authority, are engulfed with fundamental problems which apparently have been the reason why institutions are unsuccessful in the efficient management of solid waste and control of environmental pollution. The various problems are identified, analyzed and discussed, pragmatic means of solving the problems, such as the encouragement of waste recycling; the active provisionItem Solid waste management in south western Nigeria(2004) AGBEDE O.A.; AJAGBE W.O.This study researches into solid waste management in South-West Nigeria in relation to pollution control using a an North as a case study. The generation pattern storage, collection and transportation, and the final disposal of solid waste ocean government are all discussed. Data used for this study were collected by the use of structured questionnaires and oral interviews. Analysis of the data revealed that all the functional elements of solid waste management system in the local government and the city of lbadan in general as practiced by existing institution - Ibadan Solid Waste Management Authority, are engulfed with fundamental problems which apparently have been the reason why institutions are unsuccessful in the efficient management of solid waste and control of environmental pollution. The various problems are identified, analyzed and discussed, pragmatic means of solving the problems, such as the encouragement of waste recycling; the active provisionItem Causes And Prevention Of Erosion In Urban Centres: A Case Of Okeotunu/Sanngo Area Of Ibadan City, Nigeria(2004) Agbede O.A.; W. O. Ajagbe W.OThe causes of erosion in the study area, Okeitunu/ Sanngo, were investigated via the geology and soil properties of the area, the state of the existing road network and the drainage system, and the solid waste management practice in the local government area. It was revealed that both natural and man made activities contributed to the erosion of the area. Topographical nature of Okeitunu and the inadequate stream channel, in addition to bad environmental sanitation practices, unchecked vegetative removal and lack of enlightenment on the part of the inhabitants on erosion problems are the key factors causing the degradation of the Okeitunu environment. Stabilization of the steep slope, rehabilitation of the existing bare roads and damaged drainage will abate the wearing away of the soil. In addition, the populace needs to be enlightened to know what it takes to initiate or aggravate erosion.