Restorative Dentistry

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    Prevalence and Distribution of Cracked Posterior Teeth among Adult Patients
    (2020) Ogundare, T.O.; Ajayi, D.M.; Idon, P.I.,; Bamise, C.T.,; Oginni, A.O.; Esan, T.A.
    Background: There are challenges in detection and prevalence of cracked teeth, especially in asymptomatic cases. This underestimates the actual prevalence and possibility of preventive restorative treatment. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and distribution of cracked posterior teeth among adult patients attending the dental clinic of OAUTHC, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study where consecutive patients aged 18 years and above were examined for the presence of cracked posterior teeth over a period of one year (May 2016-April 2017). The teeth were initially examined with the naked eye. Thereafter, transillumination, methylene blue dye and magnifying lens were used to aid detection of more cracks. Data was analyzed with the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows (version 21.0). Level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Out of the 64,370 posterior teeth examined for cracks in 3345 patients, 264 were diagnosed as cracked in 152 patients, giving a patient prevalence of 4.5% and tooth prevalence of 0.4%. Amongst the 152 patients, the prevalence was 9.1%. There was a slightly higher male preponderance while cracked tooth was observed to increase with age (p = 0.007). The skilled (56.6%) and those that attained tertiary education (77.6%, p = 0.023) had more cracked teeth. Mandibular first molar (19.7%) was the most frequently cracked tooth type. The cracks were usually centrally placed (91.7%) and run in a mesiodistal direction (61%). Transillumination (44.7%) detected more cracked teeth. Conclusion: Prevalence of cracked tooth was observed to be low with a slightly higher proportion in male and the figure increases with age. Mandibular first molar was the most frequently cracked tooth while transillumination was the most useful diagnostic tool. Most cracks ran in the mesiodistal direction and fracture lines were usually centrally placed.
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    A 5-year retrospective study of rampant dental caries among adult patients in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
    (Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2015) Ajayi D. M; Abiodun-Solanke l. M. F.; Gbadebo S. O
    Background: Rampant caries in adults has not been a focus of many researches unlike the childhood form of the disease. The disease is an interesting finding in an adult patient. When the condition occurs ill children, it has been described as nursing bottle caries, baby bottle tooth decay, and the most recently adopted term, "early childhood caries”. Aim: The aim was to determine the prevalence of rampant caries among adult patients. Materials and Methods: Cases of rampant caries were identified from the records of all the patients treated during a 5-year period. Variables considered included the socio-demographic data, frequency of consumption of cariogenic diet, social habits, decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT), socioeconomic status (SES), and oral hygiene (OH), etc. Data were analyzed using student’s f-test and one-way ANOVA for continuous variables, while Fishers exact test was adopted for categorical variables. Level of significance was set at P 5 0.05. Result: Less than 1% (21 out of 3458) of patients treated during the period had adult rampant caries, but only 17 patients with complete data were analyzed. The age range of the patients was 22-61 years with a median of 36 years. The number of teeth with open carious cavities ranged from 8 to 18, with a mean of 11.6 ± 3.3 teeth, A statistically significant difference was found in the number of open carious cavities and gender [P = 0.03), and between the SES and OH (P = 0.001). Patients in low SES had the poorest OH, The number of open carious lesion was higher in those that consumed refined sugar regularly. Conclusion: Occurrence of rampant caries was low and related to low socioeconomic status and regular consumption of cariogenic diet.