Periodontal & Community Dentistry

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    Making a Case for Formal School-Based Oral Health Promotion: Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Pupils in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (2018) Lawal, F.B.; Taiwo, J. O
    Providing evidence for institution of school-based oral health promotion programs is paramount in developing countries, due to increasing unmet dental needs impacting on quality of life of children. To evaluate oral health knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of pupils in a country lacking formal school oral health promotion. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,297 pupils in randomly selected primary schools in one city. Information on oral health KAP were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Responses to questions were graded, standardized, and data analyzed using SPSS. The mean age was 10.6 (_1.7) years. Mean KAP percentage scores were 18.1 (_5.0)%, 18.3 (_4.9)%, and 17.3 (_12.8)%, respectively. Older age, male gender, and previous dental consultations were significantly associated with higher KAP scores. Those who had been educated informally about oral health had higher mean KAP scores (p¼.013, p<.001, and p<.001, respectively). Previous oral health education and consultation with dentists were significant predictors of higher oral health practice scores. Poor oral health KAP exists among the pupils. Those who had consulted the dentist or had oral health education had better KAP. These findings reinforce the need for formal school-based oral health promotion
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    Roles of teachers in promoting oral health in schools: a cross sectional survey in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (2015) Lawal, F.B.; Gbadebo, S.O.
    The paucity of formal oral health promoting activities in schools in sub-Saharan Africa has not been properly addressed partly because of failure to integrate teachers with their roles. The study aimed to determine the roles of elementary school teachers in promoting oral health in schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. A questionnaire-based study was conducted among a representative sample of 338 teachers randomly selected from elementary schools in Ibadan. The majority, 308 (91.1%), believed that teachers should play important roles in promoting oral health in schools. Tooth cleaning by 272 (80.5%) and inspection of their pupils’ mouths by 206 (60.9%) teachers were the only oral health promotion activities the teachers were engaged in. Many, 258 (76.3%), were satisfied with their roles in promoting oral health in their schools while 29.0% were satisfied with the roles of dentists. Main reason mentioned by teachers for inadequate oral health promotion in schools was “dentists not doing enough” by 200 (59.2%) while the most commonly suggested solution to improve the situation was frequent school visitation by dentists, 261 (77.2%). Most, 297 (87.9%) were willing to be involved if oral health promoting activities are formally instituted. Many of the teachers believed they play important roles in promoting oral health in schools and are satisfied with their present activities in achieving this, despite very few oral health promotional activities existing in schools. Nonexistence of formal school oral health promotion activities were believed to be caused, majorly, by dentists not doing enough in schools.
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    An audit of school oral health education program in a developing country
    (2014) Lawal, F.B.; Taiwo, J.O
    The increasing prevalence of oral diseases in children in developing countries is a major public health concern and creates the need to review various preventive strategies put in place on oral health promotion. In the absence of formal national programs, tertiary health institutions have adopted low-budget school oral education programs targeted at improving oral health awareness and behavioral changes in school children. The aim of this study was to review the school oral health education programs conducted by the Community Dentistry Unit of a tertiary hospital in a major city in Nigeria. An evaluation of the school oral health education programs conducted in the city over a 5-year period was done. Data collected included: venue of the program, the number of students and teachers educated in each school, screening and referrals, adequacy of teaching aids, desire for revisit, and barriers noted in its conduct. A total of 104 oral health education programs were conducted during this period involving 16,248 participants. The majority (80%) of the schools visited was primary schools and 54% were privately owned. Over half of the programs were conducted on assembly grounds, 21% in classrooms, and 13% in school halls. Challenges encountered included: lack of audiovisual aids, transportation problems, inadequacy of screening tools, and insufficient promotional materials. All the schools visited requested for (subsequent) regular visitation. Conclusion: The study showed the feasibility of low-budget oral health education and willingness of schools to benefit from such programs. There are barriers to effective communication, which can be mitigated in order to achieve an optimal school oral health education program in a low resource setting