FACULTY OF SCIENCE
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Item TLC phytochemical screening in some Nigerian loranthaceae(Academic Journals, 2010-07) Wahab, O. M.; Ayodele, A. E.; Moody, J. O.The phytochemical screening of specimens of the family Loranthaceae collected from the field was carried out with a view to ascertaining chemical constituents present and determining their importance in the taxonomic delimitation of the taxa. Thirty field collections from various localities were screened for secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, terpenoids and ketones using thin layer chromatography (TLC). Most of the samples tested slightly positive for alkaloids, anthraquinone-related compounds, terpenoids and terpenoidrelated compounds but ketonic compounds were of rare occurrence in all the samples. The chemical profile was useful in separating the collections of Phragmanthera from the other two genera while the collections of Globimetula were found embedded in Tapinanthus. The secondary metabolites obtained however showed the relative affinity of the Nigerian species of Tapinanthus. It is concluded that chemical characters may only be used as supporting evidence in the identification and delimitation of the taxa.Item Foliar epidermal studies in the family Bignoniaceae Juss. in Nigeria(Academic Journals, 2008-02) Ugbabe, G. E.; Ayodele, A. E.Comparative studies have been carried out on the leaf epidermal features of eleven species of the family Bignoniaceae in Nigeria. The species are relatively uniform in the qualitative macro morphological characters except in the leaf shape, which varies from ovate, elliptic, oblong-elliptic, oblong, oblanceolate to obovate-lanceolate. A more constant macro character for the species is the leaflet length /leaflet width ratio, which ranges from 2:1 to 4:1. The epidermal morphology of the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the species was studied with the light microscope. The epidermal cells are polygonal, irregular or both. Anticlinal walls are straight, curved or undulate/ wavy. Leaflets of all species are hypostomatic with stomata restricted to the abaxial surface. The Anomocytic stomata type is most prominent except Kigelia africana, which has diacytic stomata. Striae are present on the adaxial surface of Oroxylum indicum and abaxial surface of Spathodea campanulata. Knobs are present on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of Markhamia lutea, Markhamia tomentosa, abaxial surface of Stereospermum kunthianum and adaxial surface of Tabebuia rosea. Other features of the epidermis that show variation include stomatal size, shape and frequency. Epidermal cell shape, anticlinal wall undulation, striation on the epidermis, stomata type, distribution and stomata index are of taxonomic importance in the family while epidermal size and number are of little diagnostic value. The significance of these observations is discussed in relation to the taxonomy of the family.Item The pollen morphology of Nigerian bignoniaceae Juss(2007) Ugbabe, G. E.; Ayodele, A. E.; Okogun, J. I.; Inyang, U. S.The Pollen grains of eleven species of the Bignoniaceae represented in Nigeria have been studied by the light Microscope. The pollen grains are mostly circular or elliptic. The circular ones include those of Crescentia cujete Linn. Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K.Schum., Newbouldia laevis Seem., Oroxyllum indicum Vent., Spatliodea campanulata P.Beauv., Stereospermum acuminatissimum K.Schum., Stereospermum kunthianum Cham., and Tabebuici rosea (Berthol) DC. while the Elliptic ones are: Kigali a africana (Lam) Benth., Markhamia litlea (Benth.) K.Schum. and Tecoma stans (Linn ) H.B & K. and the shape/class range from prolate, sub-prolate to prolate spheroidal. The Prolate ones are Kigelia africana, Markhamia tomentosa, and Tecoma stans; the Subpralate types includes those of Crescentia cujete, Markhamia lutea, OroxyUum indicum. Spathodea campanulata and Stereospermum acuminatissimum; while the Prolate-Spheroidal types are those of Stereospermum kunthianum and Tabebuia rosea. They are either tefra- colporate or tri-colporate. The pollen of Crescentia cujete is Tetra-Colporaie while tiic others are Tri-colporate (Tri-colporate = Pollen grains with three ectocolpi;). The different pollen types are useful in the identification of the Nigerian Bignoniaceae.Item Morphological studies in lycopersicon esculentum Mill. lines in Southwestern Nigeria(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007) Lawal, O. J.; Ayodele, A. E.; Chukwuka, K. S.Morphological studies of thirty lines of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill were carried out in order to find out characters, which may be used for the delimitation of the cultivars in Nigeria. The quantitative and qualitative characters studied include leaf type, leaf length, leaf shape, leaf breadth, petiole length, number of leaves per plant, number of leaflets per leaf, number of serration per leaflet days taken for germination, days taken for first picking, stem diameter, fruit diameter, fruit shape, fruit colour, stem type, stem colour, stem texture, leaf arrangement and growth habit. Morphological characters that indicate close affinity amongst the cultivars include leaf type, leaf base, leaf shape, leaf apex, leaf margin, leaf arrangement stem colour, fruit colour, number of calyx and corolla. However, the features that are taxonomically relevant in the delimitation of lines of L. esculentum are fruiting habit, fruit shape and presence or absence of ridges on the fruits. The three cultivars recognized are Ibadan local, hybrid and Roma VF. Numerical analysis of the qualitative and quantitative characters data using cluster analysis-average linkage, single linkage, complete linkage and centroid method delimit all the thirty lines into three major groups which conform to the results of the morphological analysis.Item The medicinally important leafy vegetables of south western Nigeria(2005) Ayodele, A. E.This paper focuses on twenty eight medicinally important leafy vegetables documented from the South western part of Nigeria. It also highlights their medicinal importance in the treatment of minor ailments as well as their sources. The family Compositae (Asteraceae) contained the highest number of plants followed by the Cucurbitaceae, Malvaceae and Solanaceae. Sixty eight percent of the documented vegetables are cultivated, eleven percent is usually obtained in the wild while twenty one percent is either cultivated or obtained from the wild. The need for concern on the conservation of genetic resources of these plants (especially those in the wild) is stressed in order to safeguard them for future generations and avoid their genetic erosion. The establishment of a gene/seed bank for vegetables is advocated.