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Item Community attitudes toward childbearing and abortion among HIV-positive women in Nigeria and Zambia(2013) Kavanaugh, M. L.; Moore, A. M.; Akinyemi, J.; Adewole, I.; Dzekedzeke, K.; Awolude, O.; Arulogun, O.Although stigma towards HIV-positive women for both continuing and terminating a pregnancy has been documented, to date few studies have examined relative stigma towards one outcome versus the other. This study seeks to describe community attitudes towards each of two possible elective outcome of an HIV-positive woman’s pregnancy – induced abortion or birth – to determine which garners more stigma and document characteristics of community members associated with stigmatising attitudes towards each outcome. Data come from community-based interviews with reproductive-aged men and women, 2401 in Zambia and 2452 in Nigeria. Bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed that respondents from both countries overwhelmingly favoured continued childbearing for HIV-positive pregnant women, but support for induced abortion was slightly higher in scenarios in which anti-retroviral therapy (ART) was unavailable. Zambian respondents held more stigmatising attitudes towards abortion for HIV-positive women than did Nigerian respondents. Women held more stigmatising attitudes towards abortion for HIV positive women than men, particularly in Zambia. From a sexual and reproductive health and rights perspective, efforts to assist HIV-positive women in preventing unintended pregnancy and to support them in their pregnancy decisions when they do become pregnant should be encouraged in order to combat the social stigma documented in this paper.Item Consensus recommendations for the prevention of cervical cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa(2013) Adewole, I. F.; Abauleth, Y. R.; Adoubi, I.; Amorissani, F.; Anorlu, R. I.; Awolude, O. A.; Botha, H.; Byamugisha, J. K.; Cisse, L.; Diop, M.; Doh, S.; Fabamwo, A. O.; Gahouma, D.; Galadanci, H. S.; Githanga, D.; Magure, T. M.; Mabogunje, C.; Mbuthia, J.; Muchiri, L. W.; Ndiaye, O.; Nyakabau, A. M.; Ojwang, S. B. O.; Ramogola-Masire, D.; Sekyere, O.; Smith, T. H.; Taulo, F. O. G.; Wewege, A.; Wiredu, E.; Yarosh, O.Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women in sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that more than 200 million females older than 15 years are at risk in this region. This paper highlights the current burden of cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, reviews the latest clinical data on primary prevention, outlines challenges in the region, and offers potential solutions to these barriers. Based on these factors, clinical recommendations for the prevention of cervical cancer from the sub-Saharan African Cervical Cancer Working Group expert panel are presented.