Scholarly works in Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Item Effect of Hepatitis C virus infection on selected laboratory values in pregnant women with Human Immunodeficiency virus infection(Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Nigeria (SOGHIN), 2016) Adesina, O. A.; Akinyemi, J. O.; Michael, O. S.; Fayemiwo, S. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Ogunbosi, B. O.; Kuti, M. A.; Adewole, I. F.Background and Objectives: Both hepatitis C and Human Immunodeficiency viruses affect laboratory indices. The objective of this study was to describe the impact of both viruses on laboratory indices among 1,821 HIV-positive pregnant women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective study at the University College Hospital, Ibadan Results: Twenty-six (1.7%) women were HCV positive, 139 (8.8%) were HBsAg positive and 1, 407 (89.3%) were negative for both viruses. Three patients (0.19%) were positive for both viruses. These patients, the HBsAg positive women and 246 with no result for either virus were excluded from analysis. The HCV positive women had lower hematocrit (27.3% + 4.5 vs. 28.4% + 4.6, p=0.29), lower WBC (5, 200 vs. 5, 500 cells/ml, p =0.766) but higher platelet count (209, 000 vs. 199, 000 cells / ml, p = 0.019). The coinfected group had higher CD4 (380 vs. 326 cells/ml, p = 0.319), higher urea (16.0vs.ll.0mg/ml, p =0.013) but comparable ALT (16.0 vs.15.0 iu/ml, p = 0.95), log viral load (4.08+1.22 vs. 4.08+1.11, p=0.97) and creatinine levels (0.6vs.0.6, p=0.329). Only the difference in urea level was statistically significant. Conclusion: While values were comparable between both groups, the synergistic effect of both viruses makes it necessary for health-care providers to closely monitor patients.Item Integration of VIA Into Staff Medical Exercise as Prevention Strategy(Society of Gynaecology& Obstetrics of Nigeria (SOGON), 2011) Akinwunmi, B. O.; Awolude, O. A.; Adesina, O. A.; Akingbola, O. O.; Adewole, I. F.Item Application of bayesian non parametric estimation on cervical cancer: A case study of University College Hospital, Nigeria.(2021) Onatunji, A. P.; Folorunso, S. A.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.; Adesina, O. A.; Uthman, K. T.Cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy in women worldwide, and in developing countries, it remains a leading cause of cancer-related death for women. The disease is a significant illness in women in Sub Sahara Africa Countries like Nigeria. Cervical cancer ranks as the 2nd most prevalent cancer among women in Nigeria and the most prevalent cancer among ages 15 – 44 years. Some of the identified risk factors of this disease have been wrongly captured in some statistical models. This consequentially makes the result of the analysis wrongly interpreted and concluded when the risk factors are continuous. This study is aimed at examining the Bayesian estimation of cervical cancer on a woman's age and survival period of the disease using the application of non-parametric techniques. The study is a means to apply Bayesian Nonparametric estimation on cervical cancer. The study findings reveal that women between ages 40 - 60 years have a significant increase in the probability of mortality from cervical cancer when the survival period is between stage I-IV. Also, there is an increase in woman's age and survival period of living with the disease which is significantly likely to decrease the mortality from cervical cancer in the study area.Item Perception and practice of emergency contraception among female Undergraduates of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria(Elsevier, 2009) Bello, F. A.; Olayemi, O.; Fawole, A. O.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Sobukunola, T.; Adesina, O. A.; Aimakhu, C.; Okunola, A.Objective To assess perception and level of proper utilization of emergency contraception (EC) among female undergraduates. Methods Cross-sectional questionnaire study was performed on 383 female undergraduates in Nigeria in June 2006. Data analysis was with χ-square test and logistic regressions (P<0.05). Results One hundred and five (48.2%) had been sexually exposed. Only 32 (30.5%) used regular contraception. Seventy-three (24.3%) female undergraduates were aware of EC. Only 29 (7.6%) had used EC before. Most would not use emergency contraceptive drugs in future due to lack of awareness (64.8%), and fear for future fertility and of drugs being injurious to health. Use of EC was associated with awareness of correct interval for use (OR=9.1; 95%CI: 2.1-39.9). Conclusion There is poor knowledge about EC and poor use, while significant need remains. Most knowledge was acquired from peers and inaccurate. Peer educators are important and professionals’ knowledge needs improvement.Item Patients’ assessment of quality of obstetric care in a nigerian tertiary hospital(2025) Omololu, O. M.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Adebayo, J. A.; Adesina, O. A.; Obisesan, K. AItem Society of obstetrics and gynecologOkapani, A.y of Nigeria – clinical practice guidelines: guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2019) Ezechi, O. C.; Okusanya, B. O.; Aimakhu, C. O.; Adesina, O. A.; Ohihoin, A. G.; Usman, H. A.; Umeora, O. U.; Akinola, R. I.; Anorlu, R.; Sagay, S. A.; Audu, B.; Fasubaa, O.; Oguntayo, B. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Ezeanochie, M.; Fawole, A.; Ijaiya, M.; Onyebuchi, A.; Dattijo, L.; Osagie, O. E.; Fabanwo, A.; Iketbuson, F.; Fawole, A. O.; Afolabi, B.; Agbogoroma, C.; Sadauki, H.; Okapani, A.; Yakasai, Y.; Muthir, J.; Okonta, P.Clinical practice guidelines have been developed by professional societies globally. Each guideline although based on published scientific evidence reflected each country’s socioeconomic peculiarities and unique medical environment. The Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Nigerian has published guidelines in other clinical areas; however, this is the first edition of practice guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer. The Guidelines Committee was established in 2015 and decided to develop the first edition of this guideline following Delphi pool conducted among members which selected cervical cancer prevention as the subject that guideline is urgently needed. These guidelines cover strategies for cervical cancer prevention, screening, and management of test results. The committee developed the draft guideline during a 2‑day workshop with technical input from Cochrane Nigeria and Dr. Chris Maske, Lancet Laboratories, South Africa. The recommendations for each specific area were developed by the consensus, and they are summarized here, along with the details. The objective of these practice guidelines is to establish standard policies on issues in clinical practice related to the prevention of cervical cancer.Item Burden of cytopaenia among HIV positive women at University College Hospital, Ibadan(2018-02) Adesina, O. A.; Fasola, F.; Adekanbi, O.; Ogunbosi, B.; Akinyemi, J.; Kuti, M. A.; Kuti, M. A.; Michael, O.; Fayemiwo, A.; Awolude, O.; Adewole, I.Introduction: Few studies have examined cytopaenia among HIV positive pregnant women. Objectives: To assess burden of cytopaenia among HIV positive pregnant women. Methodology: This cross-sectional study of women on HAART <6months, defined anemia as hematocrit <33%, leucopenia as total white blood cell count <3,000 cells/mm3 and thrombocytopenia as absolute platelet count <100,000 cells/mm3. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. Results: Over 8 years, of 1,197 women, the mean age was 29.02(±5.4) years and mean gestational age 25.9(±8.1) weeks. Prevalence of anaemia was 76.8%, leucopaenia 6.9% and thrombocytopenia 4.7%. The mean haematocrit was 28.5%(±4.5); median white blood count 5,500/mm3 ; median platelet count 200,000/mm3 and median CD4 323 cells/mm3. Mean haematocrit was highest (29.7%±5.3) in women in the first trimester but lowest (28.4% ±4.6) in women in second trimester (p=0.04). Compared with earlier trimesters, women in the third trimester had higher median white blood count (5,600 cells/mm3), higher neutrophil (61.0% ±11.2) but lower lymphocytes (28.3%± 9.2) (p=0.18; 0.00, 0.00). Median absolute platelet count was highest (206,000 cells/mm3) in the first trimester but lowest (195,000 cells/mm3) in third trimester (0.04). Women with lower CD4 had higher prevalence of cytopaenias. Conclusion: Cytopaenias are not uncommon in this population especially with lower CD4.Item Demographic and epidemiological characteristics of HIV opportunistic Infections among older adults in Nigeria(2017) Akinyemi, J. O.; Ogunbosi, B. O.; Fayemiwo, A. S.; Adesina, O. A.; Michael, O.; Kuti, M. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Olaleye, D. O.; Adewole, I. F.Background: In view of the maturing HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, better understanding of its epidemiology among older adults is necessary in order to design appropriate care and treatment programmes for them. Objectives: To describe the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of HIV opportunistic infections among newly enrolled patients aged 50 years and above in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria. Methods: Analysis of data extracted from electronic records of 17, 312 subjects enrolled for HIV/AIDS care and treatment between January 2006 and December 2014 at the ART clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan. Results: Age of the patients ranged from 18 to 90 years with a mean of 36.4 years (SD= 10.3) with older adults constituting 12.0% (2075). Among older adults, about half (52.9%) were females. Majority (59.1%) were currently married while 25.9% were widowed. Prevalence of opportunistic infections was 46.6%. The commonest opportunistic infections (OIs) were: oral candidiasis (27.6%), chronic diarrhoea (23.5% and peripheral neuropathy (14.8%). Significant factors associated with opportunistic infections in older adults were: CD4 count less than 350 (OR=3.12, CI: 2.29-4.25) and hepatitis C virus co-infection (OR=2.17, CI: 1.14-4.13). Conclusion: There is need for prompt response to the peculiar challenges associated with the emerging shift in the epidemiology of HIV and associated infections in sub-Saharan Africa.Item HCV co-infection is associated with metabolic abnormalities among HAART naïve HIV-infected persons(2017) Kuti, M. A.; Akinyemi, J. O.; Ogunbosi, B. O.; Kuti, K. M.; Adesina, O. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Michael, O. S.; Adewole, I. F.Objectives: To determine the metabolic abnormalities among Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) coinfected HAART naïve HIV infected persons within the adult ARV clinic of the University College Hospital/University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Methods: This was a retrospective study involving the review of clinical records of newly recruited HIV-infected persons in the adult antiretroviral (ARV) clinic over a 12month period (January - December 2006). Baseline results for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting lipid profile were retrieved. Results: Out of the 1,260 HIV infected persons seen during the study period, HCV co-infection was found in 75 (6%) persons. The median values for total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDLcholesterol were lower in the HCV co-infected persons. HIV-HCV co–infection was associated with a 0.31 mmol/L depression in Total Cholesterol (TC). The median FPG concentration was significantly higher in HIV-HCV co–infected than HIV only infected persons (5.33mmol/L vs. 5.00mmol/L, p = 0.047). However, regression analysis showed there was no relationship between the HIV-HCV coinfected State and fasting glucose levels. Conclusion: HIV-HCV co-infection may be associated with a predictable decline in plasma cholesterol, but FPG may not be sufficient to demonstrate insulin resistance in these persons.Item External genital warts in HIV-infected patients with sexually transmitted infections in Ibadan, Nigeria(2017) Fayemiwo, S. A.; Adesina, O. A.; Akinyemi, J. O.; Michael, O. S.; Adekanmbi, O. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Kuti, M. A.; Odaibo, G. N.; Adewole, I. F.Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection in the genital area is usually asymptomatic, and when symptomatic, manifests in cither benign or malignant forms. This study aims at providing information on the prevalence of external genital warts (EGWs) among people living with HIV (PLWHIVs) attending Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) clinic at the University College Hospital. Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey of PLWHIVs attending ART clinic between January 2006 and December 2007. Diagnosis of genital warts was based on the findings of typical lesions on the external genitalia, vaginal, cervix or perianal region after clinical examination and informed consent from each participant. Antibodies against Herpes and HPV were measured using, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: A total of 5.207 patients, 3519 female and 1688 males attended the ART clinic during the period. The mean age of the patients was 34,67 yrs (± 9.16). Five hundred and forty-two (10.0%) had various sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The prevalence of anogenital warts was 3.65% among the HIV-infected patients and 35.0 % among the subset of HIV- infected patients with STIs. The prevalence of genital warts was 1.5 times higher in treatment experienced patients (OR =1.46; 95%CI: 1.02,2.10). Genital wart was found to be associated with low CD4 count, high viral load, treatment- experience and non-use of condom during sexual intercourse. (P = 0.002). Conclusions: External genital warts are common among people living with HIV infection. According to the appropriate guidelines, HPV vaccine should also be offered to HIV-infectcd adolescents that are non-rcactivc to the virus.