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Factors associated with sexual dysfunction among female patients in a Nigerian ambulatory primary care setting
(Association of Resident Doctors (ARD), University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, 2020) Adebusoye, L. A.; Ogunbode, O.; Owonokoko, K. M.; |Ogunbode, A. M.; Aimakhu, C.
Background: Sexual dysfunction is a common but under-reported problem of public health importance among female adults in Nigeria. Empirical evidence on sexual dysfunction among female Nigerians is scarce. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with sexual dysfunction among female patients presenting at the General Outpatient Clinic (GOPC), University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 480 married female patients who presented consecutively at the GOPC, UCH, Ibadan, Nigeria. The 28-item Sexual Function Questionnaire (SFQ-28) was used to determine sexual dysfunction. Information on their sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric and gynecological history were obtained. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out and alpha was set at 0.05. Results: Point prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 80.0%. The most common sexual dysfunction was problems with sexual desire (99.4%), while the least common was problems with arousal cognition (5.8%). There was a significant association between the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and age, years of relationship, number of children alive, parity, level of education, age at coitarche and family dysfunction. Age (OR=0.893; 95% CI=0.821–0.972, p=0.008), parity (OR=3.093; 95% CI=1.174– 8.151, p=0.022), having family dysfunction (OR=2.096; 95% CI= 1.129–3.891, p=0.019) and having >10 years of formal education (OR=4.808; 95% CI= 2.604–8.928, p<0.0001) were found to be the predictors of sexual dysfunction. Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction among female married adults in our setting was high. We propose that modifiable factors such as socio-demographic and gynaecological variables should be evaluated during the consultation of female patients at first contact
Sexual dysfunction among women in a Nigerian gynecological outpatients unit
(Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Nigeria (SOGON), 2019) Ogunbode, O. O.; Aimakhu, C. O.; Ogunbode, A. M.; Adebusoye, L. A.; Owonikiko, K. M.
Background: Sexual dysfunction is an important public‑health problem, which is often less reported or explored through opportunistic evaluation during medical consultations. Objective: This study was designed to determine the prevalence and patterns of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) including the sexual quality of life among female patients attending a gynecological outpatients unit in Southwest Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a cross‑sectional descriptive study of 146 consenting women who attended the gynecological outpatients’ clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, during the study period. Participants were selected using multistage sampling technique. The survey instruments were previously validated questionnaires such as Sexual Function Questionnaire (SFQ28), Sexual Quality of Life‑Female Questionnaire (SQOL‑F), and the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection and Resolve (APGAR) score. The results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 17 and P value was set at 5%. Results: The mean age was 33.8 ± 5.7 years. Most (85.6%) respondents had at least one form of sexual dysfunction. The commonest dysfunction was arousal‑sensation (62.4%) while the least was pain (3.4%). The mean SFQ28 and SQOL‑F scores were 58.0 ± 12.57 and 28.0 ± 11.94, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the SFQ28 and SQOL‑F scores across sociodemographic factors. Women classified as belonging to dysfunctional family on Family APGAR score similarly had poorer scores for sexual dysfunction (100%, P = 0.016). Conclusion: FSD is common among women attending gynecological outpatients clinic. Managing clinicians should be aware of this condition and proffer appropriate care in addition to the main presenting complaint.
Determinants and outcomes of preterm births in Nigerian tertiary facilities.
(2024) Fajolu, I. B.; Dedeke, I. O. F.; Oluwasola, T. A.; Oyeneyin, L.; Imam, Z.; Ogundare, E.; Campbell, I.; Akinkunmi, B.; Ayegbusi, E. O.; Agelebe, E.; Adefemi, A. K.; Awonuga, D.; Jagun, O.; Salau, Q.; Kuti, B.; Tongo, O. O.; Adebayo, T.; Adebanjo-Aina, D.; Adenuga, E.; Adewumi, I.; Lavin, T.; Tukur, T.; Adesina, O.
Objective: To describe the incidence, and sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with preterm birth and perinatal mortality in Nigeria. Design: Secondary analysis of data collected through the Maternal Perinatal Database for Quality, Equity and Dignity (MPD-4-QED) Programme. Setting: Data from births in 54 referral-level hospitals across Nigeria between 1 September 2019 and 31 August 2020. Population: A total of 69 698 births. Methods: Multilevel modelling was used to determine the factors associated with preterm birth and perinatal mortality. Outcome measures: Preterm birth and preterm perinatal mortality. Results: Of 62 383 live births, 9547 were preterm (153 per 1000 live births). Maternal age (<20 years – adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.52, 95% CI 1.36–1.71; >35 years – aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.16–1.30), no formal education (aOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.54–1.84), partner not gainfully employed (aOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.61–2.34) and no antenatal care (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 2.42–2.84) were associated with preterm births. Early neonatal mortality for preterm neonates was 47.2 per 1000 preterm live births (451/9547). Father's occupation (manual labour aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.20–1.93), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.02–1.83), no antenatal care (aOR 2.74, 95% CI 2.04–3.67), earlier gestation (28 to <32 weeks – aOR 2.94, 95% CI 2.15–4.10; 32 to <34 weeks – aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.3–2.44) and birthweight <1000 g (aOR 21.35, 95% CI 12.54–36.33) were associated with preterm perinatal mortality. Conclusions: Preterm birth and perinatal mortality in Nigeria are high. Efforts should be made to enhance access to quality health care during pregnancy, delivery and the neonatal period, and improve the parental socio-economic status.
Improving treatment outcome for cervical cancer using 2-point assessment of quality of life among Nigerian women: a protocol for a multi-centre study.
(2023) Umemmuo, M. U.; Eleje, G. U.; Oluwasola, T. A.; Ezeanochie, M.; Usman, H. A.; Galadanchi, J. S.; Agbanu, C. M.; Rabiu, A.
Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally, with quality of life (QOL) being a major concern for patients with cervical cancer, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This is largely due to the advanced nature of the disease at presentation. Although there are a higher number of studies focusing on the QOL of high-income countries, the QOL of cervical cancer patients in LMICs is not available. The aim of this study is to evaluate QOL among women with cervical cancer in Nigeria using a 2-point assessment. Methods: A multi-center prospective cohort study will be conducted in 6 tertiary health facilities randomly selected from the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria and consisting of a 2-point assessment of the QOL of participants at the time of diagnosis of cervical cancer and after treatment. Women who were recently diagnosed with histologically confirmed cervical cancer (treatment naïve) will be included. QOL will be assessed using Quality of Life Questionnaire domains (EORTC QLQ30) as developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). In addition to the QOL assessment, relevant and clinicopathological variables will be obtained using a self-structured data extraction sheet designed for this study. All data will be anonymized and will be analyzed using SPSS version 25. Levels of QOL will be calculated using EORTC QLQ30. Ethical approval was obtained from National Health Research Ethics Committee (NHREC/01/01/2007-08/11/2021). Discussion : In view of the paucity of data on QOL in LMICs like Nigeria, where most women with cervical cancer present with advanced disease, this research was designed to help in formulating evidence-based interventions to improve the QOL and treatment outcomes provided to women with cervical cancer in Nigeria and other LMICs. The study is expected to fill these knowledge gaps.
Reproductive health challenges among women in internally displaced camps in Benue State: A protocol for a community-based health education interventional study.
(2023) Ngwibete, A.; Ogunbode, O.; Oluwasola, T.; Omigbodun, A.
Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services are a necessity for marginalized persons such as the displaced. The protocol describes an intervention that can contribute to overcoming challenges associated with SRH service delivery of three selected reproductive health (RH) services: HIV/AIDS, contraception, and cervical cancer screening. A pre-and post-intervention approach will be used to evaluate the effect of an intervention with trained Community-Based Reproductive Health Personnel (CBRHP) and/or mHealth technology within the selected IDP camps. Three (3) months of health education through the CBRHP and/or via mHealth technology will be provided. Using a questionnaire, interviews, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) guide, the researcher will assess the suitability of this intervention to attain the objectives. Data analysis will be done with SPSS version 26. Univariate analysis will include mean and standard deviation, bivariate analysis will include a chi-square test of goodness for the association of variables, and McNemer’s test to evaluate the effect of the intervention by comparing consistency in response across the variables under study. Multivariate analysis will be used to assess if sociodemographic, knowledge and health service impacts access and use of RH services. For qualitative analysis, findings will be grouped into themes. The outcomes of each theme will be used to complement the findings of the quantitative analysis. The primary outcome measures will include the level of knowledge of SRH, the number of people who want to access RH services and which RH services are most sought by the respondents. If the use of CBRHP is successful, there will be an increase in knowledge and use of HIV/AIDS, contraception and cervical cancer services. Challenges associated with access and uptake of RH services will also be assessed.
Provision of sex-related education to children in Camps for internally displaced people in Benue State, Nigeria: mothers’ attitudes and practices.
(2023) Ngwibete, A.; Oluwasola, T.
Mothers continue to be a major source of sex education for their children. This study explored the attitudes and practices of internally displaced mothers in providing sex-related education to their chil-dren in a camp settlement in Nigeria. A qualitative approach was used, and data were elicited from women in three focus group discussions. A thematic approach was adopted for data analysis. Mothers had a positive attitude towards the provision of sex educa-tion, primarily to the female child. The content of sex education as they understood included health and hygiene, changes in the repro-ductive health system, and susceptibility to reproductive tract infec-tions, while they excluded education on nutrition and the art of sex. Despite reports of sexual and gender-based violence in the camps, less information was provided to the children on prevention and options for care. Mothers’ delivery of sex education seemed affected by their level of education and multiple socio-cultural factors. Overall, there were gaps in the provision of sex-related education to the children of internally displaced mothers in Benue State. There is an urgent need to improve access to sex educational content while empowering mothers with strategies to facilitate the provision of age-appropriate sex education in these settlements.
An assessment of ovarian cancer histologic types across the African Diaspora
(2021) George, S. H. L.; Omotoso, A.; Pinto, A.; Mustapha, A.; Sanchez-Covarrubias, A. P.; Umar, U. A.; Umar, A. B.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.; Okolo, C. A.; Anthony, U. U.; Ukekw, F. I.; Bakari, M. A.; Dahiru, A. M. C.; Abdullahi, H. I.; Abimiku, B. A.; Abdurrahman, A.; Usman, A.; Ahmed, S. A.; Usman, H. A.; Kabir, A.; Eleje, G. U.; Chiemeka, M. E.; Nzeribe, E.; Nweke, I.; Kadas, S. A.; Suleiman, D. E.; Ekanem, E.; Uche, U. M.; Paul, J.; Agwu, U. M.; Edegbe, F. O.; Anorlu, R. I.; Banjo, A.; Ajenifuja, K. O.; Fawole, A. A.; Kazeem, I. O. O.; Magaji, F.; Silas, O.; Athanasius, B. P.; Tamunomie, N. K.; Abudu, E. B. K.; Ango, I. G.; Abdullahi K.; Lawal, I.; Kabir, S. A.; Ekanem, V.; Ezeanochie, M.; Yahaya, U. R.; Castillo, M. N.; Bahall, V.; Chatrani, V.; Brambury, I.; Bowe, S.; Halliday, D.; Bruney, G.; Butler, R.; Ragin, C.; Odedina, F.; Chamala, S.; Schlumbrecht, M.; Audu, B.
Objective: Ovarian cancer in Black women is common in many West African countries but is relatively rare in North America. Black women have worse survival outcomes when compared to White women. Ovarian cancer histotype, diagnosis, and age at presentation are known prognostic factors for outcome. We sought to conduct a preliminary comparative assessment of these factors across the African diaspora. Methods: Patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer (all histologies) between June 2016- December 2019 in Departments of Pathology at 25 participating sites in Nigeria were identified. Comparative population-based data, inclusive of Caribbean-born Blacks (CBB) and US-born Blacks (USB), were additionally captured from the International Agency for Research on Cancer and Florida Cancer Data Systems. Histology, country of birth, and age at diagnosis data were collected and evaluated across the three subgroups: USB, CBB and Nigerians. Statistical analyses were done using chi-square and student’s t-test with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Nigerians had the highest proportion of germ cell tumor (GCT, 11.5%) and sexcord stromal (SCST, 16.2%) ovarian cancers relative to CBB and USB (p=0.001). CBB (79.4%) and USB (77.3%) women were diagnosed with a larger proportion of serous ovarian cancer than Nigerians (60.4%) (p<0.0001). Nigerians were diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancers at the youngest age (51.7± 12.8 years) relative to USB (58.9 ± 15.0) and CBB (59.0± 13.0,p<0.001). Black women [CBB (25.2 ± 15.0), Nigerians (29.5 ± 15.1), and USB (33.9 ± 17.9)] were diagnosed with GCT younger than White women (35.4 ± 20.5, p=0.011). Black women [Nigerians (47.5 ± 15.9), USB (50.9 ± 18.3) and CBB (50.9 ± 18.3)] were also diagnosed with SCST younger than White women (55.6 ± 16.5, p<0.01). Conclusion: There is significant variation in age of diagnosis and distribution of ovarian cancer histotype/diagnosis across the African diaspora. The etiology of these findings requires further investigation.
Challenges of gynaecological cancer care in Nigeria – A review article.
(2018) Oluwasola, T. A. O.; Oladewa, A. C.
"Background: Gynaecological cancers and their management in the tropics constitute a big challenge to the gynaecological oncologist considering the overwhelming economic burden of care on patients and their relatives. These challenges arc numerous and present at different levels vis-a-vis of prevention, diagnosis, treatment of the disease and patients’ follow up. The main thrust of this review was to illustrate the challenges affecting gynaecological cancer care in Nigeria and proffer potential opportunities for their early identification while making recommendations that may be beneficial in ameliorating their effects and impacts. Methodology: Electronic search of local and international literatures was conducted in major databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Science direct, EMBASE, SpringerLink, Scopus, JSTOR, JaypccDigital, and Google Scholar using appropriate MESH terms either individually or in combination. All relevant peer-reviewed article and publications were identified, retrieved and reviewed. Results: Challenges of management of gynaecological cancers are enormous and diverse. They vary at different levels of care and included poverty, lack of access to health care inadequate or absence of basic infrastructure for cancer care and lack of political will. Delay at different levels of care leading to late presentation remains a leading factor that negatively contributes to survival. Conclusion: Gynaecological cancer care in the tropics is a big challenge to health care providers. Efforts should be intensified in prompt identification of these challenges and offering solutions that will help in improving the health of our women. "
Antenatal care visits’ absenteeism at a secondary care medical facility in Southwest Nigeria.
(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Oloko, O. O.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Roberts, O.; Arowolo, A. O.
Antenatal care (ANC) is a specialised pattern of care organized for pregnant women with the goal of maintaining good health and promoting safe delivery of healthy infants. It is an indispensable part of effective maternity care services. This study identified the factors responsible for absenteeism from ANC follow-up visits. It was a hospital-based prospective cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at a faith based secondary healthcare facility in Ibadan, Nigeria. Relevant data were retrieved using interviewer administered structured questionnaires and antenatal health record cards. The major reasons identified for absenteeism were delay in receiving hospital services due to long queues at service points and understaffing. The pregnant women aged 35 years and above were the most likely to miss the visits. Therefore, there is the need for hospital administrators and health care givers to make the services patient-friendly
Prevalence of obesity among women attending a Nigerian primary care clinic
(College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2010-01) Ogunbode, A. M.; Ladipo, M. M. A.; Ajayi, I. O.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Adebusoye, L. A.; Fatiregun, A. A
The objective was to determine the prevalence of obesity and associated risk factors among women in a Nigerian Out-Patient clinic. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered on women at the General Outpatients’ Department (G. O. P.D) of the University College Hospital (U.C.H), Ibadan. The prevalence of obesity was 41.8%. Age was significantly associated with obesity, p=0.001. Majority of the obese participants (68.9%) in comparison to non-obese (46.4%) were traders, p=0.001. Many of the obese respondents were married (82.6%) in comparison to non-obese respondents who were widows (67.4%), p=0.001. Many of the obese respondents were multiparous (44.3%) having more than 4 children in comparison to the non-obese respondents with the highest proportion of women with no children (36.1%), p=0.001. Fewer of the obese women had no formal education (28.1%) and no primary education (26.4%), in comparison to the non-obese with 32.2% having secondary education and 27% having secondary education and 27% having post-secondary education, p=0.015. Majority of the obese women (62.3%) were pre-menopausal in comparison to the non-obese with 79.0% being pre-menopausal, p=0.001. Multivariate analysis done using logistic regression showed that risk factors for obesity included age group 50-59 years (odds Ratio 15.914, 95% CI=1.389-182.26, p=0.026), and being menopausal (Odds Ratio 1.452.95% CI=0.587-3.594, p=0.017). Having greater than five children was also found to be a risk factor for obesity (OR=3.321, 95%CI=1.236-8.921,p=0.017). The prevalence of obesity among Nigerian women remains high. There is a need to plan and implement measures for control.

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