scholarly works

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/332

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Start date: 2000End date: 2009

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    Cost-effectiveness analysis of mectizan treatment programme for onchocerciasis control: operational experiences in two district of Southern Nigeria
    (Dept. of Physiology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Lagos, 2009) Osungbade, K. O.; Olumide, E. A. A.; Lawanson, A. O.; Asuzu, M. C.
    Objectives: This study analyze the operational costs of two Mectizan treatment strategies in relation to their effectiveness. Methods: The study was conducted in 24 communities located in Irewole and Egbeda districts of Osun and Oyo State, Nigeria respectively. Cost-effectiveness analysis included retrospective analysis of cost of treatment, review of records of distributors, estimation of overall cost-effectiveness ratio of treatment and distribution, calculation of mean cost-effectiveness ratios and statistical comparison of the mean cost-effectiveness ratios. Results: Overall cost of treatment per person through mobile distribution was N27.39 (USD1.16) while the corresponding overall cost through community-directed distribution was N14.35 (USD0.61). Overall cost of distribution per tablet through mobile distribution was N20.97 (USD0.89) while the corresponding overall cost through community-directed distribution was N8.39 (USD0.36). The difference between the mean cost-effectiveness ratios for treatments through mobile distribution, 56.79, and community directed distribution, 32,53, was not statistically significant (p=0.120265). Similarly, the difference between the mean cost-effectiveness ratios for distribution of tablets through mobile distribution, 40.83, and community-directed distribution, 19.17, was not statistically significant (p=0.167249). Treatment coverages were 59% and 80%, and 2,376 and 4,148 tablets were respectlveIy distributed, Conclusion: Distribution of Mectizan tablets by community-directed distributors was more cost-effective than by mobile health staff, but the differences in cost ere not statistically significant. However, this could ensure self-reIiance and sustainability of treatment programmes, which are prerequisites for decision making on treatment strategies.
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    National health accounts: structure, trends and sustainability of health expenditure in Nigeria
    (African Journals Online, 2007) Soyibo, A.; Olaniyan, O.; Lawanson, A. O.
    This paper explored the structure of the contribution of different stakeholders to the financing of health care in Nigeria. The analysis was based on the National Health Accounts (NHA) 1998 to 2002 estimates for Nigeria. The main objective was to assess the viability of each stakeholder as a sustainable means of financing health provision in Nigeria. About two-thirds of health expenditure in Nigeria was directly financed by households, while public sector funding was less than half the amount committed by households. Third-party payment through health insurance represented a minuscule portion. A comparative analysis of the trend in the sources of income of households and revenue of government, revealed a wide disparity that suggested possible non-sustainability of their respective roles in health financing in Nigeria. Apart from the fact that the contributions of NGOs’ were very small, they were dependent on donor funds whose vagaries can significantly affect sustainability. Though, health insurance contributed minimally to health financing in Nigeria, its prospect in assuming a significant role appeared to be very bright. The progressive growth of health insurance contributions was an indication of the prospect of the recently introduced National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Nigeria. The NHIS represents a viable means of pooling resources in such a way that the burden of both the government and the households can be greatly relieved. Thus, the sustainability of financing health care in Nigeria may strongly depend on the extent to which the populace was covered by the health insurance plan.
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    Impact of manufactured goods’ exports on economic growth: a dynamic econometric model for Nigeria
    (African Journals Online, 2004-12) Lawanson, O. T.; Lawanson, A. O.; Bankole, A. S.
    The impact of exports on growth has for a long time enmeshed in controversy partly due to both positive and negative effects empirically established in the literature. Still, most studies in developing countries have left detailed examination of exports' components and domestic institutions unexplored in the export-growth nexus. Based on an error correction model, this paper examines the impact of manufactured exports and its components on economic growth in Nigeria, taking cognisance of the country’s institutional framework. Few of the components of manufactured exports were found to exert positive influence on growth both in the long and short runs. The paper, however, finds ample evidence in support of the relevance of quality of institutions in the economic growth process. In effect, with the right institutional framework, export-led growth, , and specific focus on selected manufacturing subsectors there appears to be a feasible development strategy for Nigeria.