scholarly works

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Effect of some variables on the carburization of a locally produced steel
(Nigerian Metallurgical Society, 1987) Adepoju, O. T; Balogun, S. A.; Adeyeye, A. D.
The effects of carburizing time, temperature and percentage energizer on the case-depth and hardness of a steel ST37-2 have been studied. For carburizing medium consisting of hardwood charcoal and coke and various amount of sodium carbonate as energizer, increasing carburizing time and temperature increased both the depth and hardness of the case. Increasing both the amount of energizer and carburizing time lowered the activation energy for the carburization process. The average hardness of the carburized layer decreased with tempering. Two processes are found to be operative during carburizing; one which is strongly activation energy dependent and the other which is mildly dependent on activation energy.
A biobjective production planning model and application of three LP procedures
(Nigerian Metallurgical Society, 1999) Adeyeye, A. D.; Charles-Owaba, O. E.
A biobjective model is proposed for production planning in a multi-stage, multi-facility production system. The decision situation considered was a case where the Decision Maker (DM) wants to determine the quantities of materials to be fed into each production facility at each stage of production that gives maximal realization of his objectives. A numerical example is solved using three Linear Programming procedures. The methods used are: Compromise Constraint Biobjective LP (CCBLP), Linear Combination of the Objective Functions (LCOF) and Goal Programming (GP). The behaviour of the CCBLP model shows that it is superior to LCOF and non-preemptive GP in terms of its sensitivity to relaxations in the objectives. It also supports the result of an earlier research that the CCBLP gives the real compromise solution.
A set of sequencing heuristic and the computer code for the TSP.
(1999) Charles-Owaba, O. E.; Oladokun, V. O.
This paper proposes a set sequencing heuristic solution for the travelling salesman problem (TSP). It attempts to first select, preferably a set of M smallest elements of the TSP matrix and then form a sequence. A computer code of the procedure was developed in Fortran 77 and used to examine its efficiency and relative effectiveness. It was found to be as effective as, but more efficient than the best of the nearest neighbour heuristics.
Optimizing investments' cash flow: a scheduling approach.
(Besade Pub. Press in assocaition with the Nigerian Institute of Engineering Management, 2003) Oladokun, V. O.
In this paper, the problem of optimising cash flow so as to enhance the financial feasibility of a multipart project is considered. The problem has been modelled as a single machine scheduling problem. Several sectors of the Nigerian economy where this problem is encountered are also discussed. A real life problem was solved on a PC using an electronic spreadsheet.
Development and evaluation of fluid mechanics laboratory curriculum: a case study of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria
(2004) Odesola, I. F.; Salami, R. O.
Mechanics in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The University has been equipped with standard laboratory for the Leaching of Fluid mechanics, but over the years some equipment have broken down and affected the leaching of Fluid Mechanics. All over the years the needs of the students have changed. This paper starts by reporting the rehabilitation and commissioning of one of the equipment. And then goes ahead to formulate the laboratory exercises required to be performed by the students in Fluid Mechanics before graduation in B.Sc degree programme bearing in mind the functionality of existing equipment and the environment awaiting the students on graduation. Several improvements have been made and documentation done. The paper concludes that in most first generation Universities in Nigeria, Fluid Mechanics laboratories are well equipped, but most of the equipment are not functioning because of minor elements that could have been improved and installed. It recommends that with little funding and commitment of staff and students this laboratory would be kept running to meet the need of Nigerian Engineering students.
Development of FeO, TiO2-SiO2-CaCO3 system as a welding flux
(2004) Oyawale, F. A.; Ibhadode, A. O. A.
Using local raw materials, various metal-arc welding fluxes were formulated. A ternary system of FeO, TiO2- SiO2-CaCO3 gave satisfactory results. Average values of 546 N/mm2 ultimate tensile strength and 10% elongation were obtained from all-weld metal tensile specimen. The formulation also gave a metal deposition efficiency of 88.9%
Improving capacity utilization through material handling automation: a case study of a food processing plant.
(Besade Pub. Press in assocaition with the Nigerian Institute of Engineering Management, 2004) Oladokun, V. O.; Eze, A. I
This study is about the use of automated material handling system to eliminate bottlenecks on production line in order to achieve higher system capacity utilization. It was applied to the milling plant of a food processing company. Detailed study of the milling plant work system's parameters was carried out to give a basis for the selection of a suitable new transfer system. Facility layout analysis to determine floor space requirement as well as work system design analysis and cost/ benefits analysts were also used. A pneumatic conveyor system has been designed to replace manual handling in a critical portion of the flow line. Costs and benefits analysis indicate that an overall increase qf 30% in revenue at a cost of 8.4% increase in input resources is achievable if the proposed subsystem is installed. Productivity will also increase by 29% by the proposed automation.
Design, construction and performance evaluation of the absorption type refrigerator
(2004) Oyawale, F. A.; Popoola, O. T.
The absorption refrigerating mechanism is based on Dalton Law of partial pressure. The refrigerant is ammonia with hydrogen as the propellant. The unit comprises a generator, condenser, evaporator and absorber. Ammonia is driven out of the water in the boiler when heat is applied. In the condenser, it is liquefied and evaporates at low pressure in the evaporator. As the ammonia boils, it absorbs heat. The refrigerator is built entirely with locally available materials and functions on a kerosene burner. It is a viable alternative to the conventional compressor-type refrigerator and in addition avoids the hazards associated with the conventional refrigerants.
Design and production of a mechanized coating machine for welding electrode
(2005) Oyawale, F. A.; Akinyemi, O. O.
This paper presents the design and local manufacture of mechanized extruder for electrode coating. The extruder uses a worm screw injector for propelling the flux paste through the extruder die area. The worm screw injector is driven by a separate electric motor unit. A hopper which is able to hold a large quantity of flux paste at a time feeds this worm screw injector and consists of a feed wire mechanism coupled to the extruder block assembly. This wire feed mechanism is responsible for driving the inlet roller and consequently feeding the extruder die block with straightened bare wire. The extruder is suitable for small scale electrode manufacture.
Design and manufacture of manual electrode coating machine for small-scale arc welding electrode manufacture
(2005) Oyawale, F. A.; Ibhadode, A. O. A.
Local production of electrodes in Nigeria has always been by major manufacturers. The technical partners have maintained that there are no suitable substitutes for the raw materials locally in an attempt to continue to import from their home countries. Our effort at local sourcing required experimentation, which could not be carried out without a means of applying the coating to the wire. This was effected through a direct extruder, which was fabricated to coat electrodes under manual pressure built up through a plunger in an extrusion chamber. Once a wire was coated, the plunger was withdrawn to remove the pressure. The electrode-coating machine is expected to find application in research laboratories of tertiary institutions and small scale manufacturing outfits.
Design and fabrication of a cassava peeling machine
(Nigerian Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2005) Akintunde, B. O.; Oyawale, F. A.; Tunde-Akintunde, T. Y.
The varying shapes and sizes of cassava tubers have made cassava peeling to be one of the major problems in the mechanization of cassava processing. A cassava peeling machine was designed and constructed. The design parameters include a power requirement of 0.36hp belt tensions of 349.7 and 1807.5N and shaft diameter of 35mm. Its main component is a peeling chamber, which consists of two perforated drums rotating in the opposite direction. The machine had an average capacity of 44.50kg/hr, an average peeling efficiency of 83% and all average percent flesh loss of 5.38%.
Design, construction and performance evaluation of a commercial ice-maker
(2006) Odesola, I. F.; Nwaneto, F. N.; Adeyemo, A. S.
The ice-maker (freezer) was designed, constructed and tested. The ice-making machine is to freeze 27kg of water in 9 different compartments in 12 hrs. The quantity of heat to be removed in order to achieve freezing is 12556.89 kJ and this is used to determine the refrigeration tonnage of the machine (0.124 ton). Polyurethane and Galvanized steel sheets have been selected for insulation and cabinet materials respectively due to their low thermal conductivities and high corrosion resistant properties. The performance tests show that the ice-maker is capable of producing 9 ice cubes (10 cm x 10 cm x 30 cm) in 12 hrs; while the economic analysis indicate that the project iseconomically viable. The cost of the ice-maker is N 51,650.00 and the investment payback is estimated to be 74 days with regular supply of electricity.
A neuro-fuzzy linguistic approach in optimizing the flow rate of a plastic extruder process
(Centre of Professional Research Publications, 2006) Oke, S.A.; Johnson, A. O.; Charles-Owaba, O. E.; Oyawale, F. A.; Popoola, I. O.
The plastic extruder system is an important process in the solid waste recycling system. This paper optimizes the flow rate of this process with the application of a neuro-fuzzy model. The model identifies a specified desired output from a large number of input parameter. The methodology adopted is neuro-fuzzy. The concept of neuro-fuzzy is not new as a research methodology but new in its applied form to plastic recycling extruder process. The result obtained indicates the feasibility of applying the methodology in this instance. Thus, the study may be extended to other recycling processes apart from plastic base. The study is predicated on the need to attain more precision in the derivation of optimal values for the plastic extruder system in recycling plant. The research has strong economic implications since it has theory with an applied bias on a problem experienced by the industry. It can be used by managers in the plastic industry, or practitioner i.e. those supporting practice such as consultants or software developers, to mention a few. The work particularly has an economic justification. Intrinsically, the result obtained being an improvement over what was reported by earlier researchers is noteworthy. The paper is new in that it appears to be the first application of neuro-fuzzy in the system being researched.
Computerized approach to cooling load estimates for air-conditioning design
(2006) Odesola, I. F.; Sefiu, Y. B.
The research work provides the basic information for the design of a Central Air-Conditioning system for Kenneth Dike Library extension, University of Ibadan, Oyo State used as a case study. The software was designed, using a visual basic 6.0 (C++) programming language, to perform a thermal analysis for all the rooms of the floors in the building. The developed software called AIRCCAD is implemented to handle mathematical equations and engineering calculations efficiently and effectively and provide more accurate information at the very shortest possible time than manually calculated design.
Application of fuzzy logic concept to profitability quantification in plastic recycling
(2006) Oke, S. A.; Johnson, A. O.; Popoola, I. O.; Charles-Owaba, O. E.; Oyawale, F. A.
This paper aims at applying a fuzzy logic control model to profitability in a case study of the plastic recycling industry in Nigeria. The studies of profitability components of the plastic recycling industry as used to develop a model framework and the application of fuzzy logic control model to the framework are given in this paper. A brief introduction to profitability concepts as well as useful suggestions and conclusions are all integral part of this paper which is based on the application of a fuzzy logic model of control to profitability concept in plastic recycling industry.
An application of artificial neural network to maintenance management
(2006) Oladokun, V. O.; Charles-Owaba, O. E.; Nwaozuru, C. S.
This study shows the usefulness of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in maintenance planning and management. An ANN model based on the multi-layer perception having three hidden layers and four processing elements per layer was built to predict the expected downtime resulting from a breakdown or a maintenance activity. The model achieved an accuracy of over 70% in predicting the expected downtime.
Optimum allocation of silicone oil in flexible polyurethane foam production
(Southern Leyte State University (SLSU), Philippines, 2006-10) Ogunleye, O. O.; Oyawale, F. A.; Odewole, G. A.; Jaiyeola, H. O.
The high cost of purchasing good quality flexible polyurethane foam called for this project work which examines the possible reduction in the cost of production which will eventually lead to reduction in all overall market cost. Process optimization technique was adopted using gradual chemical variance method for the foam surfactant (silicone oil) to locate the optimum silicone oil quantity required as against the usual practice of 1part of silicone oil to 100 part of polyol for 20kg/m3 density foam. Seven different quantities (1.2g. 1.0g, 0.8g, 0.6g, 0.4, 0.2, 0g) of silicone oil were used to 100g of polyol in the experiments. It was discovered that the quality of the foam produced remained the same as the quantity of silicone oil used was gradually reduced from 1 part per 100parts of polyol to 0.76 parts per 100 parts ofpolyol. Thus the later ratio was obtained as the optimum quantity required for the foam production which was about 24% reduction but still maintaining same quality as that of 1part to 100 parts of polyol when subjected to all the required physical tests.
A subtour-free set-sequencing algorithm based computer software for solving the machine set-up problem
(2007) Charles-owaba, O. E.; Oladokun, V. O.
The machine set-up problem (MSP) is that of determining an optimal sequence that a set of N operations will be performed by a general- purpose facility. In order to minimize tile total cost/time of re-setting the facility. Though the MSP is experienced in many small scale industrial situations many of the existing algorithm are programmed to run on super computers or massively parallel computer processors which are often not available for small scale industrial environment in developing economies. In this study a Subtour-free Set Sequencing Algorithm based software for solving real life medium size machine set-up problem on personal computers was developed and tested The computational time curve exhibited a polynomial growth for the range of problems solved and the solution system was shown to be practicable
An ergonomic and safty evaluation of footwear used by male industrial workers in Nigeria: a case study
(Besade Pub. Press, 2007) Oladokun, V. O.; Onwusika, N. I.
This study focuses on footwear used by Nigerian industrial workers. The suitability and comfort ability of these shoes used in a typical Nigerian factory were assessed based on their response to some well-structured questionnaire. Some important features of the shoes were compared with internationally recommended standards. The result shows that 62% of the respondents' shoes are suitable. These are mostly shoes that are light weight, low heeled made of leather material and steel toed, though some of them are not steel toed. When compared with the standard features and characteristics, it is observed that about 60% complies with the Internationally accepted standards of EN 345, EN 346 and EN347 for safety shoes, protective shoes and work shoes respectively.
Mathematical modelling of the road bumps using laplace transform
(Centre of Professional Research Publications, 2007) Oke, S. A.; Salau||Adeyefa, O. G; Akanbi, O. G.; Oyawale, F. A.
The contribution of this paper to traffic engineering is the application of Laplace Transform to the quantification of speed control in the modelling of road bumps with hollow rectangular shape. The paper simulates the behaviour of a vehicle when passing over a series of bumps. In many countries the current practice used for lowering the vehicle speed is to raise road bumps above the road surface, if a hollow bump is used it may be economical and offers other advantages over road bumps raised above the road surfaces. The method models the vehicle as the classical one-degree-of-freedom system whose base follows the road profile, approximated by Laplace Transform. Then, a traditional vibration analysis is carried out and the isolation factor is calculated. A case study application is presented to substantiate the model developed. This case indicates how much difference the current model has compared to other existing models. Therefore, a relationship is established between the characteristics of the road profile, and the vehicle vibration response. Thus, the model's impact on the vehicle speed control is specified.