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Quality of records keeping by undergraduate dental students in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2012) Dosumu, E.B..; Dosumu, O.O.|; Lawal, F.B.
Background: Recording the interaction between a patient and the dentist is of primary importance in dental practice. The completeness of recordings of undergraduate students, often inadequate, has been found to subsequently impact on the quality of dental care offered by professionals. Once identified, correcting the inadequacies has also been shown to improve the quality of dental practice. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the quality of records keeping by dental students in Ibadan, Nigeria. Method: A retrospective review of records of patients seen by dental students, at the clinics of the dental school in Ibadan, Nigeria, over a six months period was conducted. The charts were reviewed for: demographic data, medical and dental history, clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment plan and note on informed consent. Assessment of the quality of data obtained was done using a modified CRABEL’s scoring system. Results: A total of 318 case files were retrieved for this study. The median modified CRABEL score was 95%, with a range of 65 to 95%. Eighty-two recordings (25.2%) had a score < 90%, while 236 recordings (74.2%) had a score > 90%. The most frequently unrecorded data was written consent in all the charts, followed by procedure done with the documentation absent in 20.4%. All the supervisors signed at the end of the consultation. Conclusion: The quality of records keeping by dental undergraduates is fair but there is a need to emphasize deficient areas and improve upon the quality of record keeping
First aid treatment of dental emergencies
(Ola-Oluseye Enterprises, 2012) Lawal, F. B.
Quality of records keeping by undergraduate dental students in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2012-06) Dosumu, E. B.; Dosumu, O. O.; Lawal, F. B.
Background: Recording the interaction between a patient and the dentist is of primary importance in dental practice. The completeness of recordings of undergraduate students, often inadequate, has been found to subsequently impact on the quality of dental care offered by professionals. Once identified, correcting the inadequacies has also been shown to improve the quality of dental practice. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the quality of records keeping by dental students in Ibadan, Nigeria. Method: A retrospective review of records of patients seen by dental students, at the clinics of the dental school in Ibadan, Nigeria, over a six months period was conducted. The charts were reviewed for: demographic data, medical and dental history, clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment plan and note on informed consent. Assessment of the quality of data obtained was done using a modified CRABEL’s scoring system. Results: A total of 318 case files were retrieved for this study. The median modified CRABEL score was 95%, with a range of 65 to 95%. Eighty-two recordings (25.2%) had a score < 90%, while 236 recordings (74.2%) had a score > 90%. The most frequently unrecorded data was written consent in all the charts, followed by procedure done with the documentation absent in 20.4%. All the supervisors signed at the end of the consultation. Conclusion: The quality of records keeping by dental undergraduates is fair but there is a need to emphasize deficient areas and improve upon the quality of record keeping
Validation of the oral impact on daily performance frequency scale in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2013) Lawal, F. B.; Taiwo, J. O.; Arowojolu, M. O.
Background: Oral health related quality of life measures provide alternative ways to evaluate oral health status in a way that prioritises impact on lifestyle. These measures are, however, hardly used in our setting. Before the measures can be used effectively, validity of the tool needs to be evaluated. The aim of the study was to validate the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) frequency scale in an adult Nigerian patient population. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross sectional study in which consecutive patients attending the Primary Oral Health Care Centre, Idikan and the Oral Diagnosis Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan were recruited. Data was collected with OIDP structured interviewer administered questionnaires, global self-rating and perceived treatment need questions and by oral examination. The frequency scale of the OIDP index was used to compute the impact scores. Data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 19. Results: A total of 204 patients participated in the study. The OIDP score ranged from 0 to 40; 78.9% of the participants reported an impact on daily performance with eating and enjoying food being the most reported activity impacted upon. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.811; the OIDP index was significantly associated with global self ratings of oral health, perceived need for dental treatment and was able to discriminate between patients with or without dental caries. Conclusion: The OIDP frequency scale exhibited satisfactory psychometric properties amongst adult dental patients in Ibadan, Nigeria
First aid treatment of dental emergencies
(Ola-Oluseye Enterprises, 2013) Lawal, F. B.
Oral health practices of adult inhabitants of a traditional community in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2013) Lawal, F. B.; Taiwo, J. O.; Oke, G. A.
BACKGROUND: Although, the association between oral health care practices and sociodemographic characteristics of populations have been documented, information is sparse on sociodemographic indices influencing oral health practices of residents of traditional communities. The study aimed to describe the oral health practices of adult inhabitants of a traditional community in Nigeria. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study involving adult residents in randomly selected houses in Idikan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Data on their oral health care practices was obtained with the use of structured interviewer administered questionnaires. Data was analysed with SPSS and test of association carried out using Chi square. RESULTS: A total of 390 adult residents participated in the study, of which 56.2% were males. A total of 196 (50.3%) participants used toothbrush solely to clean their teeth, 72 (18.5%) used chewing sticks alone while 119 (30.5%) used both tooth brush and chewing stick. Older residents of the community, those with no formal education and in lower occupational classes were more likely to use chewing stick (p < 0.05). The majority (68.7%) cleaned their teeth once daily, 30% cleaned twice while 1.3% cleaned infrequently. Educational level attained and occupational class were significantly related to frequency of oral hygiene. Nearly all (95.4%) of the participants knew that oral health Services are available in most hospitals, yet only 35.9% had ever visited a dental Centre with a significantly higher Proportion being males (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study showed that the oral health practices of a typical traditional community in Nigeria are highly influenced by socioeconomic considerations
Validation of the oral impact on daily performance frequency scale in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2013) Lawal, F. B.; Taiwo, J.O.; Arowojolu, M.O.
Background: Oral health related quality of life measures provide alternative ways to evaluate oral health status in a way that prioritises impact on lifestyle. These measures are, however, hardly used in our setting. Before the measures can be used effectively, validity of the tool needs to be evaluated. The aim of the study was to validate the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) frequency scale in an adult Nigerian patient population. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross sectional study in which consecutive patients attending the Primary Oral Health Care Centre, Idikan and the Oral Diagnosis Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan were recruited. Data was collected with OIDP structured interviewer administered questionnaires, global self-rating and perceived treatment need questions and by oral examination. The frequency scale of the OIDP index was used to compute the impact scores. Data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 19. Results: A total of 204 patients participated in the study. The OIDP score ranged from 0 to 40; 78.9% of the participants reported an impact on daily performance with eating and enjoying food being the most reported activity impacted upon. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.811; the OIDP index was significantly associated with global self ratings of oral health, perceived need for dental treatment and was able to discriminate between patients with or without dental caries. Conclusion: The OIDP frequency scale exhibited satisfactory psychometric properties amongst adult dental patients in Ibadan, Nigeria
Self rating of oral health status by student dental surgeon assistants in Ibadan, Nigeria – a pilot survey
(2013) Lawal, F.B.; Olawole, W.O.; Sigbeku, O.
Background: Individuals, generally, in this environment are known to rate their oral health status favourably despite the presence of oral diseases and conditions, probably due to sub optimal awareness level about oral health, however it is not known if this is the case with members of the dental team especially those who assist the dentist in day to day procedures. Objective: This study assessed the self ratings of oral health status amongst student dental surgeon assistants on clinical rotation at the Dental Centre, UCH, Ibadan. Method: This was a descriptive cross sectional study in which data was obtained with the use of self administered questionnaire and by clinical oral examination. Data obtained included sociodemographic data of respondents, questions assessing self rating of oral health status and evaluation of presence or absence of clinical oral conditions. Results: A total of 54 students with a mean age of 23.9years on clinical posting participated in the study. Nearly all (98.1%) rated their oral health as very good or good and 55.6% perceived a need for oral health care. About 60% had consulted a dentist previously. The mean DMFT was 0.28 and 14.8% of the respondents had a DMFT score > 0. Significant association was found between the global self rating of oral health and perceived need for dental treatment. Conclusion: The perceived need for dental treatment is an important factor in global rating of oral health amongst student dental surgeon assistants
Oral health practices of adult inhabitants of a traditional community in Ibadan, Nigeria
(2013) Lawal, F.B.; Taiwo, J.O..; Oke, G.A.
BACKGROUND: Although, the association between oral health care practices and sociodemographic characteristics of populations have been documented, information is sparse on sociodemographic indices influencing oral health practices of residents of traditional communities. The study aimed to describe the oral health practices of adult inhabitants of a traditional community in Nigeria. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study involving adult residents in randomly selected houses in Idikan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Data on their oral health care practices was obtained with the use of structured interviewer administered questionnaires. Data was analysed with SPSS and test of association carried out using Chi square. RESULTS: A total of 390 adult residents participated in the study, of which 56.2% were males. A total of 196 (50.3%) participants used toothbrush solely to clean their teeth, 72 (18.5%) used chewing sticks alone while 119 (30.5%) used both tooth brush and chewing stick. Older residents of the community, those with no formal education and in lower occupational classes were more likely to use chewing stick (p < 0.05). The majority (68.7%) cleaned their teeth once daily, 30% cleaned twice while 1.3% cleaned infrequently. Educational level attained and occupational class were significantly related to frequency of oral hygiene. Nearly all (95.4%) of the participants knew that oral health Services are available in most hospitals, yet only 35.9% had ever visited a dental Centre with a significantly higher Proportion being males (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study showed that the oral health practices of a typical traditional community in Nigeria are highly influenced by socioeconomic considerations
The effectiveness of oral health education conducted at a rural community market setting
(2013) Lawal, F. B.; Nasiru, W. O.; Taiwo, J. O.
Effectiveness of an oral health care training workshop for school teachers: a pilot study
(2013) Dedeke, A.A.; Osuh, M.E.; Lawal, F.B.; Ibiyemi, O.; Bankole, O.O..; Taiwo, J.O.; Denloye, O.; Oke, G.A.
Background: School teachers play key roles in imparting appropriate and up-to-date knowledge to pupils and students. However, most teachers in developing countries like Nigeria have poor knowledge and motivation about oral health which may be due to inadequate training in the area of oral health. This might be one of the reasons for the poor oral hygiene among them and their students. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an oral health care training programme organized for teachers in Eruwa, Oyo state, Nigeria. Methods: An intervention study was conducted among 40 school teachers who attended a two day oral health training workshop at Eruwa, headquarters of Ibarapa East Local Government Area. Training methods included lectures and demonstrations on aetiology, clinical features, treatment and prevention of common oral diseases. Pre- and post- evaluation written tests were administered to the participants to assess the effectiveness of the training. The knowledge scores were rated as poor, fair and good knowledge scoring <50.0%, 50.0-60.0% and > 60.0% respectively. Frequencies, percentages and means of relevant variables were generated. Paired t-test was used to compare means at P<0.05. Result: The mean age of the teachers was 40.13 ±7.24 years. There were 16 (40.0%) males and 24 (60.0%) females. Twenty (50.0%) of the participants had poor pre-training knowledge as compared to 7 (17.5%) after the training. Thirteen (32.5%) had fair pre-training knowledge as compared to 17 (42.5%) post training. Only (2.5%) of the participants had good pre-training knowledge as compared to 18 (45.0%) post training. The mean scores of the pre- and post-evaluation tests were 31.70 ±11.31 and 48.20 ±11.16 respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the pre and post evaluations P<0.05.
Self rating of oral health status by student dental surgeon assistants in Ibadan, Nigeria – a pilot survey
(2013-06) Lawal, F. B.; Olawole, W. O.; Sigbeku, O.
Background: Individuals, generally, in this environment are known to rate their oral health status favourably despite the presence of oral diseases and conditions, probably due to sub optimal awareness level about oral health, however it is not known if this is the case with members of the dental team especially those who assist the dentist in day to day procedures. Objective: This study assessed the self ratings of oral health status amongst student dental surgeon assistants on clinical rotation at the Dental Centre, UCH, Ibadan. Method: This was a descriptive cross sectional study in which data was obtained with the use of self administered questionnaire and by clinical oral examination. Data obtained included sociodemographic data of respondents, questions assessing self rating of oral health status and evaluation of presence or absence of clinical oral conditions. Results: A total of 54 students with a mean age of 23.9years on clinical posting participated in the study. Nearly all (98.1%) rated their oral health as very good or good and 55.6% perceived a need for oral health care. About 60% had consulted a dentist previously. The mean DMFT was 0.28 and 14.8% of the respondents had a DMFT score > 0. Significant association was found between the global self rating of oral health and perceived need for dental treatment. Conclusion: The perceived need for dental treatment is an important factor in global rating of oral health amongst student dental surgeon assistants
Effectiveness of an oral health care training workshop for school teachers: a pilot study
(2013-06) Dedeke, A. A.; Osuh, M. E.; Lawal, F. B.; Ibiyemi, O.; Bankole, O. O.; Taiwo, J. O.; Denloye, O.; Oke, G. A.
Background: School teachers play key roles in imparting appropriate and up-to-date knowledge to pupils and students. However, most teachers in developing countries like Nigeria have poor knowledge and motivation about oral health which may be due to inadequate training in the area of oral health. This might be one of the reasons for the poor oral hygiene among them and their students. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an oral health care training programme organized for teachers in Eruwa, Oyo state, Nigeria. Methods: An intervention study was conducted among 40 school teachers who attended a two day oral health training workshop at Eruwa, headquarters of Ibarapa East Local Government Area. Training methods included lectures and demonstrations on aetiology, clinical features, treatment and prevention of common oral diseases. Pre- and post- evaluation written tests were administered to the participants to assess the effectiveness of the training. The knowledge scores were rated as poor, fair and good knowledge scoring <50.0%, 50.0-60.0% and > 60.0% respectively. Frequencies, percentages and means of relevant variables were generated. Paired t-test was used to compare means at P<0.05. Result: The mean age of the teachers was 40.13 ±7.24 years. There were 16 (40.0%) males and 24 (60.0%) females. Twenty (50.0%) of the participants had poor pre-training knowledge as compared to 7 (17.5%) after the training. Thirteen (32.5%) had fair pre-training knowledge as compared to 17 (42.5%) post training. Only (2.5%) of the participants had good pre-training knowledge as compared to 18 (45.0%) post training. The mean scores of the pre- and post-evaluation tests were 31.70 ±11.31 and 48.20 ±11.16 respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the pre and post evaluations P<0.05. Conclusions: The training workshop improved the knowledge ofschool teachers regarding oral health
The effectiveness of oral health education conducted at a rural community market setting
(2013-12) Lawal, F. B.; Nasiru, W. O.; Taiwo, J. O.
Background: The workplace is one of the avenues for educating the public about their oral health in developing countries; particularly in rural communities where the workplace plays a major role in communal living. It is therefore necessary to find out if the market is appropriate for achieving the set aim of improving oral health awareness among the populace in rural communities. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of oral health education conducted in a market in a rural community by comparing the oral health practices of market women involved in the oral health education programme to those not involved in the programme. Design: A prospective study. Setting: A rural community in South-western Nigeria. Subjects & Methods: A prospective study was conducted among market women in Igboora, a rural community in Southwestern Nigeria. The intervention was oral health education differentiating between the intervention group and the control group. Structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used to obtain information from the participants on their oral hygiene measures, fluoride use, dental attendance and the demographics of the participants. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS and p-value set at <0.05. Results: Two hundred market women participated in the study with a mean age of 45.2 ± 17 years. The interventional group was made up of 106 market women while the control group was made up of 94 market women. There were no significant differences in the sociodemographic characteristics of women in both the intervention and control groups. Women in the intervention group engaged in more frequent cleaning of their teeth and tongue than those in the control group (p < 0.001). Market women who had participated in the oral health education subsequently visited the dentist more often than those in the control group (p = 0.010). Conclusion: The study showed that oral health education conducted at a market was effective in improving some oral health practices of participants. It is recommended that oral health practices be extended to major markets in our communities
Quality evaluation of paper based dental records keeping at a teaching hospital in a developing country
(2014) Dosumu, E. B.; Lawal, F. B.
Introduction: The quality of dental records keeping is instrumental to the improvement of Service delivery, thus adequacy of the records can guide quality assurance. The study evaluated the quality of dental records keeping by dentists at a single hospital in a developing country. Materials: This was a retrospective review of the charts of patients seen at the Dental Out-patients Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan over a six month period. The charts were reviewed for completeness of entries, Status of the dentist as an intern or post registration dentist and Statistical analysis performed using SPSS Software. Results: A total of 1060 charts were reviewed of which none contained all the necessary Information. The most complete Information was the Identification data (99.4%) and the most incomplete was informed consent (100%). Post registration dentists were more likely than interns to make complete documentations of medication history (p = 0.038), clinical findings (p = 0.003), treatment plan (0.048) and medications administered (0.002). Conclusions: There is a fair degree of adequacy of dental records keeping in the tertiary hospital studied in Ibadan, Nigeria. However, suboptimal recordings were noted in areas involving explanations by the dentist to the patient
An audit of school oral health education program in a developing country
(2014) Lawal, F.B.; Taiwo, J.O
The increasing prevalence of oral diseases in children in developing countries is a major public health concern and creates the need to review various preventive strategies put in place on oral health promotion. In the absence of formal national programs, tertiary health institutions have adopted low-budget school oral education programs targeted at improving oral health awareness and behavioral changes in school children. The aim of this study was to review the school oral health education programs conducted by the Community Dentistry Unit of a tertiary hospital in a major city in Nigeria. An evaluation of the school oral health education programs conducted in the city over a 5-year period was done. Data collected included: venue of the program, the number of students and teachers educated in each school, screening and referrals, adequacy of teaching aids, desire for revisit, and barriers noted in its conduct. A total of 104 oral health education programs were conducted during this period involving 16,248 participants. The majority (80%) of the schools visited was primary schools and 54% were privately owned. Over half of the programs were conducted on assembly grounds, 21% in classrooms, and 13% in school halls. Challenges encountered included: lack of audiovisual aids, transportation problems, inadequacy of screening tools, and insufficient promotional materials. All the schools visited requested for (subsequent) regular visitation. Conclusion: The study showed the feasibility of low-budget oral health education and willingness of schools to benefit from such programs. There are barriers to effective communication, which can be mitigated in order to achieve an optimal school oral health education program in a low resource setting
Quality evaluation of paper based dental records keeping at a teaching hospital in a developing country
(2014) Dosumu, E. B.; Lawal, F. B
Introduction: The quality of dental records keeping is instrumental to the improvement of Service delivery, thus adequacy of the records can guide quality assurance. The study evaluated the quality of dental records keeping by dentists at a single hospital in a developing country. Materials: This was a retrospective review of the charts of patients seen at the Dental Out-patients Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan over a six month period. The charts were reviewed for completeness of entries, Status of the dentist as an intern or post registration dentist and Statistical analysis performed using SPSS Software. Results: A total of 1060 charts were reviewed of which none contained all the necessary Information. The most complete Information was the Identification data (99.4%) and the most incomplete was informed consent (100%). Post registration dentists were more likely than interns to make complete documentations of medication history (p = 0.038), clinical findings (p = 0.003), treatment plan (0.048) and medications administered (0.002). Conclusions: There is a fair degree of adequacy of dental records keeping in the tertiary hospital studied in Ibadan, Nigeria. However, suboptimal recordings were noted in areas involving explanations by the dentist to the patient
Periodontal status and treatment needs of primary school teachers in the absence of formal school oral health programme
(2014) Lawal, F.B.; Dosumu, E.B.
Information is sparse about the periodontal health of teachers who play important: roles in prevention of oral diseases in schools. Especially in developing countries where the promotion of oral health in school programmes is still sub-optimal. The objective of the study was to evaluate the periodontal health status and periodontal treatment needs of primary school teachers in a country lacking formal school-based oral health programmes. This was a descriptive survey in which intraoral examination was conducted on 407 primary school teachers. Recordings on the oral hygiene status using OHI-S. bleeding on probing, periodontal pocketing and treatment needs with CPITN and tooth mobility were obtained by a trained and calibrated examiner. Information on socio-demographic characteristics was also sought. Data were analyzed using SPSS and the level of significance set atp<0.05. None of the teachers had healthy periodontium, 3 bled to probing, 284 had calculus accumulation and 109 had shallow pockets while 11 had deep periodontal pocketing. Majority (80.6%) of the teachers had poor oral hygiene and 43 (10.6%) had one or more mobile teeth. A higher proportion of rural based teachers had periodontal pockets compared to those in urban areas (38.5% vs. 26.7%. p = 0.026). Older teachers were more likely to have mobile teeth (p = 0.002). There were significant positive correlations between OHI-S, CPITN score and number of mobile teeth. Periodontal disease is highly prevalent among primary school teachers in the country with calculus accumulation being the predominant feature. The periodontal treatment need of most of the teachers is in the form of oral prophylaxis and non-surgical periodontal treatment
Dental implant as an option for tooth replacement: the awareness of patients at a tertiary hospital in a developing country
(2014) Gbadebo, O. S.; Lawal, F. B.; Sulaiman, A. O.; Ajayi, D. M .
Aim: A survey was set out to evaluate the knowledge of patients about tooth replacement as a whole, and assess their awareness of implant‑retained prosthesis as an option of tooth replacement. Materials and Methods: Information on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge about implant‑retained tooth as an option for missing tooth replacement, cost implication, source of information and knowledge about other options of tooth replacement were obtained from patients attending the dental clinics of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, using structured self‑administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Result: A total of 220 patients aged 18-84 years with a mean age of 37.6 (±16.5) years participated in the study, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.1. The majority (92.5%) knew that missing teeth can be replaced, while a significantly lower proportion (28.9%) knew about dental implants as an option (P < 0.01). Dentists were the major source of information on dental implants (68%). Only 21 (36.8%) of those who had heard about dental implant had knowledge about the cost (P < 0.000). Conclusion: A low level of awareness about dental implant as tooth replacement option exist in this environment, although most of the study participants were aware that missing teeth can be replaced
Oral health awareness and practices of primary school teachers in ibadan, Nigeria
(2014) Lawal, F.B.; Bankole, O.O.
he school is an important avenue for promoting oral health most especially in developing countries with low resources. However, the success of any school based preventive oral health programme is dependent on the teachers about whom there is little information on their present state of oral health awareness and practices in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria. To investigate the oral health awareness and practices of primary school teachers in Ibadan, Nigeria. A cross sectional study of randomly selected public primary school teachers in Ibadan was performed. Data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaire, which assessed their socio-demographic characteristics, oral health awareness, oral hygiene measures and utilization of dental services. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Chi square statistics was used to test for association between variables and p value set at < 0.05. Results: A representative sample of 309 teachers participated in the study with a mean age of 48.7 (± 5.94) years. The majority, 284 (91.9%), were females. A few, 39 (12.6%), of the teachers knew what dental caries and its causes were, while 1 (0.3%) knew the cause of oral cancer. Only 149 (48.2%) knew that oral diseases could be prevented. If the teachers had problems with their teeth; 154 (49.8%) would go to the hospital, 115 (37.2%) would self-medicate, 20 (6.5%) would visit the drug shop (chemist), 1 (0.3%) would visit the traditional healer and 19 (6.2%) were not sure of what to do. About a third of participants, 99 (32.0%) have had previous consultations with the dentist, with many 72 (72.0%) doing so because of pain. Many of the teachers 183 (59.2%) cleaned their teeth twice or more daily before eating. Male teachers (84.0%) and those with less teaching experience (60.6%) were found spending longer time in cleaning their teeth (p = 0.035 and p = 0.002). Poor oral health awareness and practices still exists among the teachers. There is a need for urgent intervention to promote oral health amongst them