scholarly works

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Author: search.filters.author.Atalabi, O. M.

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    Image gently .One size does not fit all
    (Book Builders. Editors Africa. 2 Awosika Avenue, Bodija, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2010-07) Atalabi, O. M.
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    Misconception about ultrasound among Nigeiran women attending specialist and tertiary health institutions in Ibadan
    (2012-08) Adekanmi, A. J; Morhason-Bello, I. O; Atalabi, O. M.; Adedokun, B. O.; Adeniji-Sofoluwe, A. A.; Marinho, A. O.
    Background: In women health, ultasound is well established as a safe tool, and it is often the first imaging modality employed in the, screening, investigation and treatment of conditions in obstetrics and gynaecology. However, women's misconceptions about health issues, aetiology and treatment of diseases conditions may have negetive impact on thier health care seeking behaviour. Client's perspective of diagnosis including investigation process is therefore crucial in health care. This study aimed at finding out the misconceptions expressed by clients about ultrasound, and the potential predictors associated with this attitude among women in Nigeria. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3137 women who presented for transabdominal ultrasound scan between August and November 2010 in two referral hospitals in Nigeria. Data were obtained using a questionnaire. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed applying logistic regression analysis; predictors of misconceptions expressed by clients about ultrasoung, and misconception among women in Nigeria were identified using SPSS statistics (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL) version 17 software. Results: The mean age of the women was 33.8 years (standard deviation=7.0), with 88.8% currently married. More than half of the respondents had tertiary education (56.6%), followed by secondary school education (34.5%), primary education(7.8%) and no formal education (1.1%). There were 59 women who held the misconception that ultrasound was dangerous to health accounting for 1.9% of the study population. The reasons given by this group of women included; 'ultrasound can kill or destroys the body cells'(35.6%); 'it can cause cancer' (15.3%); 'the radiation is only dangerous to some organs of the body' (6.8%); 'it can harm or deform the fetus'(6.7%); 'it is only dangerous when exposure is frequent'(5.1%) and 'only dangerous when handled by unskilled medical personnel' (1.7%). Conclusion: This study provides insight to the wide range of issues about clients' perception and misconception regarding ultrasound safety. These issues have to be addressed to improve better compliance and patronage about ultrasound scans in Nigeria. We suggest that robust conseling sessions is imperative to address all the views and possible concerns of clients to improve better service delivery.
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    Low field MR imaging of sellar and parasellar lesions: Experience in a developing country hospital
    (2011) Ogbole, G. I; Adeyinka, O. A.; Okolo, C. A.; Ogun, A. O.; Atalabi, O. M.
    Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), an advancement which followed computed tomography (CT) is expensive and inaccessible in most dveloping countries. However it is the procedure of choice in evaluating sellar and parasellar lessions. Its major advantages are its superior soft tissue contrast differentiation, its capacity for multiplanar imaging and nonexistence of ionising radiation. Its use is relatively new in Nigeria, a developing economy in Africa. Since its introduction in 2005, it has been utilised extensively for neuroimaging at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan; a large hospital is south-western Nigeria. Objective: To review the role and pattern of low field MR imaging in sellar and parasellar lesions presenting to a tertiary care centre in Nigeria. Methods: All 62 patients with clinically suspected sellar and parasellar masses, referred to the department of Radiology, UCH Ibadan for MRI between December 2006 and January 2010 were retrospectively analysed. The examinations were performed using an open 0.2T permanent magnet MR unit. T1W, T2W,T2/ FLAIR, TOF and T1W post gadolinium DTPA sequences of the sellar region were obtained. Result: Of the 62 patients, there were 27 males and 35 females. The modal age group was 40-49 years with a mean age of 39.94 years (±16.65years). Twenty-four cases (38.7%) had histological daignosis, of which 20(83.3%) were consitent with initial MRI diagnosis. Pituitary adenomas were the commonest (58.06%) lesions of the sellar and parasellar regions. Others include parasellar meningiomas, cranipharyngiomas, and gaint aneurysms. Headache and visual impariment were the major presenting features and showed no significant correlation with tumor size. Conclusion: The use of low filed MRI in the diagnostic evalauation of patients with suspected sellar or parasellar lesions in developing countries of low economic resource is commendable as it provides beneficial outcomes in management.
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    The lumbosacral radiographs in the initial screening of low back pain- is one view enough?
    (2011-07-09) Atalabi, O. M.; Ogunlade, S. O.; Agunloye, A. A.
    Background: Radiological imaging is mandatory, when investigating patients with low back pain (LBP). A minimum of three plain radiographic views of lumbosacral spine are routinely requested for by the attending clinicians. Objective: The study therefore carried out to determine if only one view will be sufficient in the initial screening of patients with low back pain. Material and Methods: The antero-posterior (AP) and lateral plain radiographs of patients referred to the radiology department on account of low back pains in an eighteen month period (June 2007 to Novermber 2008) were reported by two certified radiologists. The findings were subjected to statistical analysis. The kappa agreement for two independent reports was between 0.602 and 0.908. Results: The radiographs for 638 patients were reviewed. 365 (57.2%) were females and 273(42.8%) were males. The age ranged from 20 years to 85 years with a mean of 56.4 years. Within the age group of 20-69 years, females were found to significanlty present earlier than with LBP (P<0.041). The AP view had a significantly higher rate of reported normal findings that the lateral view (p<0.000). Osteophytic outgrowth was the commonest finding in both views although the rate of detection was higher on the lateral view, as with the other abnormal findings. Conclusion: This study shows that the lateral radiographs show significantly more findings than AP on plain radiographs. It is therefore recommended that lateral radiograph is adequate in the initial screening of patients with low back pain.
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    Factors influencing the pratcie of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception amongst radiologists in a developing country
    (2009) Lawal, T. A.; Atalabi, O. M.; Adekanmi, A. J.; Ogundoyin, O. O
    Background: Intussesception is a mojor cuase of intestinal obstruction in children and can be treated operatively or non-operatively. Surgery is associated with mortality rates, in dveloping countries of 8.5% to 18%. Hydrostatic reduction is a cost effective treatment that can lower the mortality rate in resource poor settings. However, the teachnique is not widely performed inspite of the advantages. Objectives: We reviewed factors influencing the current practice of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception by radiologists in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A survey of radiologists was conducted using structured self adminsitered questionnaires. Strenght of assocition between the practice of hydrostatic reduction and variables related to the workforce was evaluated using Fisher's exact test. Result: Fifty-one participants were studied. Three (18.8%) hospitals have at least one consultant radiologist focusing on pediatric surgeon or more. Hydrostatic reduction is practiced in hospitals with a radiologist with interest in pediatric radiology, (p=0.002). Lack of expertise was given as the main reason why hte other hospitals have not commenced the procedure.
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    The yield from routine chest X-rays in stage 3 breast cancer patients
    (2008-04) Agunloye, A. M; Elumelu, T.; Adenipekun, A.,; Atalabi, O. M.
    Context: Cancer of the breast is a common malignancy in Nigeria women and various imaging examinations, including the chest radiograph are routinely requested in all patients with this disease. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the positive yield from routines chest radiographs in Nigeria patients with locally advanced stage 3 breast cancers but who had no clinical symptoms or signs of plumonary or pleural metastatic disease. Methods: This descriptive retrospective study evealuated clinical records and chest radiographs of 61 female Nigerian patients with local stage 3 historically diagnosed breast cancers, who presented at the radiotherapy unit of the University College Hosiptal, Ibadan, over a 12 month period. All abnormalities on the chest radiographs were documented. Results: The ages of the study group ranged from 25 to 67 years with a mean of 47years. Fourty-seven (77%) of the patients had normal chest radiographs. Of the 14 abnormal radiographs, bilateral lung parenchymal metastases were seen in 4 cases one of whom also had bilateral pleural affusion. Other abnormal findings included hilar adenopathy, right lower lobe collapse, lymphagitis carcinomatosis and cardiomegaly. Conclusion: The authors conclude that a 23% detection rate from thses screening chest radiographs is high and should be recommended as over 70% of Nigerian patients with breat cancers present with advanced tumors.
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    Early endoscopic realignment of traumatic anterior and posterior urethral disruptions under caudal anaesthesia- a 5-year review
    (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Int J Clin Pract., 2010-01) Olapade-Olaopa, E. O.; Atalabi, O. M.; Adekanye, A. O.; Adebayo, S. A.,; Onawola, K. A.
    Objective: We recently described early rigid retrograde endoscopic realignment of the disrupted urethra under caudal anaesthesia in the outpatient setting. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate our medium-term results. Patints and methods: A retrospective review of patients who had early rigid retrograde endoscopic realignment of traumatic urethral disruptions in our institution over a 5 -year period was done and relevant data extracted was analyzed. Results: Fourteen acutely ruptured urethras (10 psoterior and four anterior) were endoscopically realigned early in the study period. Nine (90%) of the posterior disruptions occured at bulbo-membranous urethra (distal to the external sphincter mechanism). Thirteen of the rupted urethras (93%) were successfully realigned (nine posterior and four anterior) and postoperative clean intermitten self-callibration (CIC) was instituted in 10 patients. The mean follow-up period was 36.6 months (range 18-54 months). The meanoperating time and the median hospital stay were 22min(range8-68min) and 3 days (range 1-10 days), respectively, and were shorter in patients with injuries of the anterior urethra than those with potent and continent. Two patients required additional procedures (direct vision internal urethrotomy or urethral dilation) and one patient has remianed on CIC. i.e. a stricture rate of 21%. Conclusion: Early retrograde endoscopic realignment under caudal analgesia is sutiable and cost-effective for patients with acute traumatic urethral disruptions and has good meduim-term results. In additon, an early psot-operative regimen of CIC significantly reduced stricture-formation in our series.
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    Clinicoradiologic and sonographic patterns of metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma
    (2006) Otegbayo, J. A.; Atalabi, O. M.; Yakubu, A.
    Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, when little remedy could be offered. There is a need for relatively affordable, available and non- invasive tests for diagonsis, staging and detection of metastasis among individuals at risk. A clinical, chest radiographic (CXR) and abdominal ultrasonographic examination was carried out to detect and evaluate the pattern of metastasis among 53 untreated patients. One patients had clinical paraparesis with no outward evidence of metastasis. CXR revealed lund metastasis in 11(20.8%), with multifocal deposit in one. Two (3.8%) patients had perihilar lymphadenopathy and consolidation, respectively, while 18 (34%) patients had elevated right hemidiaphragm and four (7.5%) had pleural effusion. One right hemidiaphragm and four (7.5%) had pleural effusion. One had right basal pneumonitis, multiple cavitatory lesions in the lungs fields and soft-tissue wasting. No abnormality was seen in 17 (32.1%) cases. Abdominal ultrasonograph showed probe tenderness in 22(41.5%), hepatomegaly in 49(92.5%), with 33(62.3%) of these having nodularities of varying sizes. The spleen was enlarged in 10(18.9%) cases, with para-aortic lymphadenopathy. Portal hepatic lymphadenopathy was demostrated in two (3.8%) cases, while pleural effusion was detected in seven (13.2%). Metastasis is common in HCC at presentation, the lung is the commonest site of spread. Clinically visible metastasis appears uncommon in HCC.