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Item ACTIVE-DIRECTIVE STRATEGY IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF NIGERIAN ADULT-LEARNERS’ TEACHING PERCEPTION AND EFFECTIVENESS(1991-08) ADESINA, O. EThis study investigated the relative effectiveness of active-directive learning strategy over lecture method in enhancing the satisfaction, self-concept and cognitive performance of adult learners. One hundred adults; holders of Teachers’ Grade Two Certificate with a minimum of five years experience were selected by cluster sampling. The age-range was between twenty-eight and fifty years. Using a 2x 2 factorial design, fifty adult learners were exposed to the experimental Programme while fifty others served as the control. Three psychological instruments namely - Akinboye Self-Concept Scale with a coefficient alpha of =0.75, Adult Learner Perception of Programme Scale (&=0.98) and Teaching Effectiveness Scale (&=0.89) were validated and used as criterion measures. They were administered before and after treatment. Nine hypotheses were tested at 0.001 level of significance. The following results were obtained: (i) Treated subjects showed no main significant increase in self-concept compared with untreated subjects. (F = 0.71; df = 1/98, NS). (ii) Results from t-test analysis indicated that the experimental subjects improved significantly on self-concept. There was a significant increase in the self- concept of high self-concept active-directive group compared with the high self-concept control group. (t = 9.62, p < . 001, df = 47) The high self-concept active-directive strategy was superior to the low self- concept control (t = 14.53, p. < 001, df = 49). Treated subjects showed significant increase in satisfaction as measured by the perception of programme scale. (F = 9.48, df = 1/96, p < 001), (t = 87.92, df = 47, p < . 001), (t = 86.19, df=49, p< .001), (t = 77.99, df= 49, p < .001). There was a significant increase in the cognitive performance of treated subjects (F = 17.64, df = 1/96, p < 001). Active-directive was significantly superior to the control. (t = 19.63; df= 47, p< .001), (t = 12.02, df = 49, p < .001), (t = 11.04, df=49, p< .001). Active-directive Learning Strategy proved to be effective in enhancing the cognitive attainment and satisfaction of learners. The relevant implications in the instruction and training of adult learners were discussed. Recommendations were also made for adult educators who are concerned with skill-building effectiveness and for extension workers.Item RETENTION AND FAILURE IN DISTANCE EDUCATION: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE NATIONAL TEACHERS INSTITUTE (NTI) KADUNA(1992) ADERINOYE, R. A.This study sets out to determine the factors leading to wastages among distance learners of the Teachers' Grade II Programme of the National Teachers' Institute Kaduna. This is with a view to finding possible solutions to reducing the failure rate and increase the rate of retention. The data collected through the instruments used were analysed with the chi-square and analyses of variance (ANOVA) to determine the influence of the various factors on the failure and retention rate of the Teachers’ Grade II distance learners. The findings from the study established that: i. the educational background of Teachers1 Grade II distance learners were found inadequate and it greatly affected their retention and failure rate. ii. the course materials significantly affected the learners' rate of retention and failure. iii. the facilitator/tutor factor significantly affected the rate of their retention and failure. iv. the environmental variables were not conducive to learners' need and thus significantly affected the subjects' rate of retention and failure. v. the financial inadequacies of the distance learners grossly affected their rate of retention/ failure. vi. the distance learners' are burdened with too much of social responsibilities and this invariably affected their rate of retention and failure. vii. the motivation available to learners was not adequate and it thus affected the rate of retention and failure. viii that factors like boredome, Professional advancement, learners' welfare, external expectation of learners' and their cognitive ability variedly affected the Teachers' Grade II distance learners. Based on the findings, the following suggestions are made on how distance learning System can sustain learners' interest and improved performance that: i. distance learners should understand the basic concepts and attributes of Distance Education. ii. entry qualification of learners for a particular course of study be uniform. iii. the cost of course materials be highly subsidized by the Government or the employers of the learners. iv. distance learners be motivated and encouraged during the course of their programmes through appropriate reward System in the work place. v. qualified and trained course writers on distance learning System be employed to write course materials for the learners. vi. study centres be adequately equipped with support materials to facilitate better learning environment for the learners. vii. course materials be produced and distributed early enough for the learners use. viii. tutorial masters, Supervisors and others involved in any distance learning Programme be promptly paid their honorarium to motivate them. ix. the various Government policies should take into consideration the implication on the working populace.Item UTILITARIANISM AND THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF ADULT EDUCATION(1991) ADESANYA, L. A.Much of what has been said and written on educational aims has been prescriptive; it has asserted not what they are, but what they should be. That happiness has been prescribed indicates that it is an ideal, which finds expression in a natural phenomenon. Because of its natural and comforting illusions, aims such as this carry a persuasive force of positive connotations which encourages varieties of hyperbolically optimistic assumptions about its effects, in order to avoid these assumptions becoming unchallenged fashionable ideas in educational arena, particularly in the realm of adult education, the need for a careful scrutiny arises. Thus in prescribing Utilitarianism as an aim for adult education.; this study has examined the following issues: (1) The meaning of aims and the justification for the formulation of aims in adult education; (2) Some philosophical theories that form the basis of the aims and objectives of adult education; (3) utilitarianism and education; (4) utilitarianism as an aim of adult education; and (5) Problems associated with the achievement of Utilitarianism in adult education. The above examination was carried out using the instrument of philosophical analysis in the following manner: First, major concepts were picked out for analysis in order to understand the principles by which their uses are determined. Thereafter, some crucial themes subjected to critical analysis so as to eliminate psuedo-problems that are likely to arise at the practice and implementation stages. This led to the clarification of the underlying basic assumptions arising there from, so as to put the real issue in clear perspective. Later, a synthesis of all the positive ideas highlighted in the process of our critical analysis of concepts and issues on the topic was drawn together. The result of this exercise was the restatement of the theory of happiness in the context of adult education. Finally, counter-objections to the new statement was raised in the form of unbiased criticism and answers were provided for such objections. The reason for this task is to dig up any ambiguity that may be hidden in the new formulation. It was found out that Utilitarianism is made up of very many component parts of ethical theories that renders it almost an impossible target to be aimed at. The problem with utilitarian doctrine is that it obscures the identification of appropriate goals and standards of achievement in the education of adults. However, the utilitarian doctrine sees man as primarily concerned with the pursuit of happiness and as such regards the maximisation of happiness and the minimisation of suffering as the supreme of social action. Thus, the promise of a psychological well-being as is contained in the utilitarian doctrine is enough a factor that can attract political as well as Our conceptual analysis reveals it as a system of social economic and academic attention and political decision, as offering a criterion and basis of judgement for administrators as well as a system of personal morality. It is claimed that freedom of thought, autonomous decision making and truth are important elements for human happiness. Without freedom, there can be no genuine interaction with environment, no willing involvement in the life of society; and participation will become an irksome imposition, pedagogically, this points to an education oN, involvement, of participation, of activity and an education that involves discovery. Epistemologically, what is to be known and learnt is to be derived from the data of the product of the learner's experience. As such, it is argued that education should not be seen as the privilege of a few, but as the right and the obligation of all. If this is to be achieved, the government has to restructure its present role concerning adult education. It is therefore recommended that adequate financial provision should be made available for the establishment of adult centres for learning. Adult learning calls for distinct methods; as such, efforts should be made to train adult teachers, and access to the adult centres should be based on individual’s interest and not on government selection and finally, the curriculum of the centres should be structured in such a manner as to focus on the well-being of the learners.Item THE TRANSFORMATION OF CORRESPONDENCE EDUCATION TO DISTANCE EDUCATION IN NIGERIA, 1927-1987(1992-09) ADEKANMBI, G.This study examined the transformation of correspondence education to distance education in Nigeria, from 1927 to 1987. This was against the background of the transformation of the novel system of instruction in many other parts of the world. Investigations have shown the extreme attachment of the system in Nigeria to the old methods and media of instruction. This is in spite of the long history of correspondence education in Nigeria, where its first alumnus took his degree in 1927. Yet the prevalent use of the, term distance education to describe practices in the field gives the impression that there has indeed been a transformation. This study was thus carried out to examine the extent to which transformation has taken place. The historical approach was adopted in which an extensive study of archival materials and documents was carried out. Interviews were conducted with alumni, present students of the system and practitioners alike. The study identified a number of periods in the transformation process. These are: i. the period of external examinations and foreign correspondence colleges; ii. the period of local initiatives and entrepreneurship in correspondence education; iii. the period of university involvement; and iv. the transformation period in embryo. These four periods exposed the gradual transformation of the methods, the media, support services, two-way communication system, courses in and clientele of correspondence education, thus paving the way for the emergence of distance education. Some of the findings of the study are: i. the foundations for the transformation of correspondence education to distance education have not been totally laid; ii. most of the institutional providers of correspondence education in Nigeria are not fully committed to the promotion of its transformation; the impact of an increased iii. number of radio and television stations in the country, or of the satellite and computer systems has not been fully felt in the transformation process. In view of the above, the researcher recommends the following, among others: i. the need for more government involvement in the funding and quality control of distance education systems in Nigeria; ii. the need for distance education institutions to have policies on development aimed at further bridging, the distance between them and their clientele; iii. the need to make existing structures which signify media development in the country relevant to media growth in distance education.Item AN EVALUATIVE STUDY OF THE POLITICAL EDUCATION PROGRAMME OF THE DIRECTORATE FOR SOCIAL MOBILISATION (MAMSER) 1987-1992(1995) ABIONA, I. A.The study evaluated the strategies employed by the Directorate for Social Mobilisation (MAMSER) for its Political Education Programme in Nigeria between 1987 and 1992. This was with a view to determining the best strategies for political education within the context of Nigerian environment. Chapter One is the Introduction to the study. A brief Historical Background of Nigerian Politics which resulted in the setting up of an agency for political education was reviewed. The chapter also contains the Need for the Study, Statement of Problem, Research Questions and the Overview of MAMSER. Chapter Two is the Conceptual Framework where concepts related to the study were examined. The concepts reviewed included Political Education, Political Culture, Mass Education, Evaluation Process and Models of Evaluation. Relevant related Literature on Political Education was reviewed. The review covered Political Education and the Society, Political Education and Mass Literacy, Political Education and Adult Education, Methodology of Political Education and Evaluation of Political Education Programme. The Descriptive Survey Research Design was adopted for the study. A set of questionnaire was designed, using a five-point Likert Scale as the instrument for the study. 800 randomly selected subjects drawn from rural and urban communities in Oyo State served as the subjects for the study. Oral interviews and records available at MAMSER'S Offices at the Local Offices and State Headquarters were used to complement the data collected' through the questionnaire from the respondents. Key figures involved in the planning and implementation of the MAMSER Political Education programme like the then Secretary to MAMSER, Professor Tunde Adeniran and the Bauchi State then Director of MAMSER, Dr. Musa Moda were interviewed. The data collected through the instrument administered to the respondents were analysed, using correlation co-efficient, chi-square and t-test statistical tools. From the study, the following findings were established. (i) MAMSER was designed to fail by the government. (ii) Most respondents were aware of the existence of MAMSER as a government organ; (iii) Most respondents did not understand the content and objectives of MAMSER's political education programme; (iv) The delivery strategies used for the propagating/disseminating the political education programme by MAMSER were not effective; (v) Most of the personnel of MAMSER were not trained adult educators with expertise of mobilising adults; (vi) There was no specified curriculum for the political education programme and (vii) There was no effective monitoring of the programme. Based on the findings, the policy implications were identified and a feasible policy for political education was recommended in Chapter Five for better political awareness in the Nigerian polity to include: (i) A framework for a political education programme in Nigeria; (ii) Training of all personnel in adult education and political education; (iii) Training in management and administration for all the cadres of MAMSER's staff; (iv) Preparation of curriculum/syllabus on political education geared towards the Nigerian environment. (v) Involvement of other Government Agencies, Ministries and Universities in the Planning, Implementation and Evaluation of the programme.Item MANPOWER SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AS A CORRELATE OF ORGANISATIONAL/MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN SELECTED INDUSTRIES IN NIGERIA(1995-05) ABIMBOLA, O. A.This study examined manpower systems analysis as a correlate of Organisational/Management effectiveness in randomly selected industries in Nigeria with a view to finding out the relationship between the ability to survive of a business concern and the efficiency with which it utilises its human resources. The descriptive survey research design was employed for this research which covered service, manufacturing, transport, banking and petro-chemical industries. A total of 1,000 workers were randomly selected as subjects for this study. A questionnaire designed using a four-point Likert Scale and which comprised of the Industrial Staffers Job / commitment Questionnaire (I.S.C.Q.), Job Placement Questionnaire (J.P.Q.), structured interview on employment, training, job performance/ advancement, recruitment, and promotion, were used as the instrument for this study. Seven null hypotheses were postulated and tasted. The data collected were analysed using a set of statistical tools like the chi-square (X), Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) at 0.05 level of confidence, t-test statistic, and analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The study established the following: (1) There was a significant correlation between manpower systems analysis and workers' morale in industry. (2) There was a significant correlation between manpower systems analysis and rate of absenteeism in industry. (3) There was a significant relationship between career development and workers' attitudes to their organisations. (4) There was a significant correlation between effective job placement and workers' productivity. (5) Manpower systems analysis significantly affects the market rate of return on capital assets. (6) There was a significant difference between the earnings per share resulting from fulfillment of workers' aspiration with respect to promotions and their non-fulfillment on entering the organisation. (7) There was a significant correlation between matching workers' systems analysis as a "sine qua non" for organisational/management effectiveness and therefore recommended that: (1) Employers of labour should engage in serious manpower system analysis so as to get and put the right number and kinds of people at the right places at the right time. (2) Employers should provide those working conditions that employees believe are necessary in order to secure and maintain their commitment to the organisation. (3) Workers should be assigned to jobs for which their aptitudes and abilities are well suited so as to reduce rate of absenteeism and increase their productivity in industry. (4) Organisations should develop interest in drawing up manpower systems analysis as an effective means of improving employees' job attitudes, behaviours and performance. Other recommendations and suggestions based on the findings of this study were also included.