scholarly works
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Item The effect of family background and environmental factors on academic achievement of secondary school students in Saki West Local Government Area.(Distance Learning Centre University of Ibadan, 2009) Fehintola, J. O.The study investigated the relationship between the role of family background and environment on academic is achievement of secondary school students. The study made use of the random sampling technique, which involved two thousand (2000) respondents consists of male and female students in selected secondary schools in urban and rural areas within Saki West Local Government Area of Oyo State. The correlational research design was adoptedfor the study. The research instrument used is the family backgro und and environment questionnaire. The method of data analysis used for the study is the multiple regression analysis. This was used in the study to establish the relationship between the independent and dependent variables of the study. Two research questions were tested using the data obtainedfrom the field. The research questions were tested at the 0.05 level of significance and the research findings indicated that the independent variables (Socioeconomic status, family size, school location, school environment, physical facilities and peer influence) were significant contributions to the prediction of the dependent variable (Academic Achievement). The results of the findings as well as the appropriate recommendations based on the findings were highlighted. Conclusion was drawn based on the outcome of the study.Item Comparative Analysis of West African School Certificate Examinations and National Examination Council Results in Mathematics, English Language and Biology from 2001 – 2006 in Oyo State, Nigeria(College of Applied Education, University of Lagos, 2009) Fehintola, J. O.The study investigated the relationship between the grades awarded by both WAEC and NECO in Mathematics, English language and Biology papers in SSCE from 2001 - 2006 in Oyo State. The sample consists of 1468 participants. Pearson product moment correlation test statistic was used for analyzing the data generated in the study. The finding reveals that, there is significant correlation between the grades awarded by both WAEC and NECO from 2001 - 2006 in Mathematics, English Language and Biology papers which are principal subjects at ordinary level examinations. The necessary recommendations were made fee students, parents, guidance counsellor, government and stake holders on the reliability and validity of SSCE conducted by both WAEC and NECO.Item Relationship between Sports Knowledge, Sports performance and Academic Ability: An Empirical evidence from WAEC Physical Education Results in Oyo State(Department of Human Kinetics and health Education, University of Ibadan, 2007) Fehintola, J. O.The study investigated the relationship between sports knowledge, sports performance and academic ability of individuals that took part in sports activities, with regard to their performance in Physical Education at the Senior School Certificate Examination conducted by WAEC in 2001 and 2002 in Oyo State. The study is an ex-post facto of survey type. The sample consists of 120 participants (85 males and 35 females), with age range of 16 to 20 years. The Pearson product moment correlation test statistics was used for analyzing the data generated in the study. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between sports knowledge and sports performance on academic ability of the participants irrespective of their sports knowledge and sports performance. It was recommended, among others, that parents and guardians should encourage their children/ wards to participate in sports.Item Psychosocial factors and knowledge of early adolescents’ attitude to HIV/AIDS in Ibadan, Nigeria(2009-11) Aremu, A. O.; Adindu, P. A.; Adeyemi, A. O.The study investigated the influence of some psychosocial factors (self-efficacy, emotional Intelligence, gender and age) and knowledge on HIV/AIDS attitudes of early adolescents. 240 school-going early adolescents (132 males and 108 females) aged between 10 and 14 years participated in the study. The measured effects of the independent variables using the Pearson r and hierarchical regression statistics indicated a joint relationship of the measures on HIV-AIDS altitudes of early adolescents. Similarly, participants' self-efficacy, El, knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and age also influenced their attitudes towards HIV/AIDS. These findings suggest that early adolescents' attitudes towards HIV/AIDS could be improved through the variables investigated.Item Psychological appraisal of spirituality indices of crash helmet phobia among Nigerians(2008-05) Adebayo, O.; Adeyemi, A. O.This study examined the spirituality factors associated with crash helmet phobia among motorcycle cyclists and consumer of their success in Nigeria. The study randomly selected 1,327 participants across 5 major cities in Nigeria. These are Ibadan, Lagos, Kaduna, Kano and Enugu. They consist of 862 commercial motorcyclists and 465 customers who responded to the Crash Helmet Scale. The survey uses a nationally representative probability sample selected using an extended form of the two-stage random-digit selection procedure. The survey employed a rotating panel design to gather data from approximately 200 respondents on a weekly basis. Results showed that 56.9% of the participants refused use of crash helmet because they believe people could use the avenue to charm helmets for various evil machinations such as money ritual. Also, 75.7% stated that the use of helmet could not prevent accident most of the time. Majority of the commercial cyclists and customers (93.2%) averred that the helmet is not convenient for them. The findings were highly essential since they raise awareness about the relevance of cultural reality in the treatment of helmet phobia among Nigerians and the need for re-orientating the motorcycle cyclists and customers in Nigeria.Item THE RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING AND STUDY SKILLS TRAINING ON THE ADJUSTMENT TO ACADEMIC FAILURE AMONG A GROUP OF NIGERIAN STUDENTS(1989) ADEYOJU, C. A.This study was intended to evaluate the relative effectiveness of two treatment strategies comprising Cognitive Restructuring (CR) and Study Skills Training(SST) with particular reference to adjustment to academic failure among a group of Nigerian students. Three groups of subjects participated in the study. Group I was exposed to CR, Group II was assigned to SST while Group III was used as Control (CT). Altogether, there were 96 subjects. The 96 subjects were grouped into three (3) equal numbers. Each group consisted of 16 internal and 16 external (I - E) subjects. Each group was further sub-divided into equal halves comprising 8 internal and 8 enternal (I - E) subjects. Thus each sub-group had 16 subjects. There were six of these sub-groups. Two were exposed to CR, two assigned to SST while the remaining two were used as Control. This sub-group of 16 subjects was desirable for treatment primarily to facilitate adequate attention from the therapist to individual subjects. It was also to afford each subject as much opportunity as possible to participate meaningfully in the group therapy. The following six (6) Instruments were used for the study: Rotter’s Locus of Control (I-E); Adeyoju1s Adjustment Problems Associated with Academic Failure Inventory, (APAWAFI); Bakare’s Student Problems Inventory, (SPI); Sarason’s General Anxiety Scale, (SGAS); Sarason and Mandeler’s Examinations Anxiety Scale and West African School Certificate and General Certicate of Education, Ordinary Level, English Language Objective Test, all of which were administered prior and after treatments. The CR therapy was administered to experimental Group I while SST was administered on experimental Group II. Group III, i.e. CT was not exposed to any of the treatment strategies. All the three groups were posttested and the data were analysed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and tetest. Five hypotheses were tested at .05 level of significance. The results revealed were as follows: The results of hypothesis I showed that there was a significant difference in the level of academic performance of subjects in the different groups. Subjects in the treatment Groups I and II performed significantly The following six (6) Instruments were used for the study: better than those in the CT . However, subjects in Groups II who were exposed to SST performed significantly better than those in Group' I – exposed to CR. Although the two treatment strategies were effective in fostering academic performance among subjects, nevertheless, SST was more efficacious than CR (F = 3.09, df 90, p <0.5). The results of hypothesis II revealed that both treatments were effective in reducing the level of problems associated with academic failure (F= 37.90, df 90, p <0.05). The results in hypothesis III showed that there was significant reduction in the level of student problems of Groups I and II subjects exposed to CR and SST when compared with CT (F = 47.65, df 90, 9<05). The results of hypothesis IV showed that CR and SST proved effective in ameliorating the general anxiety among subjects in study situations (F =126.75, df 90, p <0.01). The results of hypothesis V revealed that CR and SST treatments led to significant reduction in the level of examination anxiety of subjects when compared with those in the CT (F =6 3.71, df 90, p < 0.01). Generally, the two treatment strategies proved effective in academic performance; reducing problems associated with academic failure; ameliorating study problems, general as well as examination anxieties among subjects. However, CR has been found to be consistently more efficacious than SST in the aforementioned psychological problems in study situations. It is therefore apparent in this study, that the cognitive domains of subjects who are being treated for adjustment to academic failure should be explored intensively and conscientiously. For instance, study skills alone had hitherto attracted much attention to the neglect of Cognitive domains of subjects. Suffice it to say that study skills training and cognitive restructuring should be simultaneously and vigorously applied in treating subjects suffering from problems of adjustment to academic failure.Item EFFECTS OF ROBINSON'S SQ3R AND SUMMARIZATION TECHNIQUES IN IMPROVING COMPREHENSION AMONG SOME SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS(1990-07) ADESEMOWO, P. O.Poor comprehension ability was identified was identified as an instance of poor study habits leading to under-achievement. The study investigated the effectiveness of Robinson's SQ3R and Summarization study techniques in improving students' comprehension ability. The effects of the two strategies on students' attitudes to their subjects were also investigated. One hundred and forty-four JSS III Nigerian students drawn from two secondary schools in Ibadan were exposed to the treatment programmes. A 3x3 factorial design was adopted with the treatment and control groups occupying the rows and the three levels of mental ability - high, medium, and low - occupying the columns. Three instruments comprising the following were used: 1. Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices 2. Comprehension Tests (a) English Comprehension test, based on passages from "Faster Reading For Better Comprehension" by Dr. S.O. Ayodele, modified and validated by the experimenter. (b) Biology Comprehension test, designed and validated by the experimenter. 3. Attitude test: A slight modification of Aiken and Dreger's 1963 Attitude Scale (revised by Akinboye, 1974) was used to measure subjects' attitudes to (i) English Comprehension (ii) Biology. The data obtained were analyzed, using the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), and t-test derived from the use of the Least Mean Squares and the Standard Error of Means. The six hypotheses tested and the results obtained were (i) There will be no significant difference in the comprehension ability of the treated subjects and the control This hypothesis was rejected as the treated subjects performed better in English Comprehension (F = 20.56; Df 4/135; P<0.05). The result also reported statistically significant differences in the columns (F= 19.14; Df 2/135; P< 0.001) and significant interaction (F= 12.35; Df 4/135; P< 0.05). This indicated that the mental ability of subjects was an important factor in the results obtained. (ii) There will be no significant difference in the Biology comprehension ability of the treated subjects and the control. This hypothesls was rejected: the treated subjects were superior in Biology comprehension (F = 41.77; Df 2/135; P<0.01). Here, too, the interaction between the rows and the columns was significant (F = 9.61; Df 4/135; P< 0.05). (iii) There will be no significant difference in the attitudes to English Comprehension and Biology of treated and untreated subjects. The test of this hypothesis revealed that the two treated groups exhibited better attitudes to English Comprehension and Biology than those in the control group (F = 10.96; Df 4/135; P< 0.5). (iv) There will be no significant difference in the English Comprehension ability of subjects exposed to SQ3R and those exposed to Summarization. The results showed that the SQ3R group performed better in English Comprehension than the Summarization group (t = 9.89; Df 94; P <.001). (v) There will be no significant difference in the Biology Comprehension of the SQ3R and Summarization groups. The results showed that the Summarization group scored higher in Biology Comprehension than the SQ3R group (t = 5.11; Df = 94; P< 0.001). There will be no significant difference in the attitudes to English Comprehension and Biology of the SQ3R and Summarization groups. This hypothesis, too, was rejected: The SQ3R group exhibited better attitudes to English Comprehension and Biology than the Summarization group (t = 3.63; df = 94; P < 0.001). Generally, the results of this study showed that students comprehension ability can be fostered if they are exposed to some useful techniques. Their attitudes to the academic subjects can also be improved. The educational implications of the findings were discussed, and some suggestions were made.Item COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENBSS OF RELAXATION AND SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SPEECH ANXIETY(1984-10) ADEOLA, A. O.An experiment was designed to find out which of relaxation and systematic desensitization was more effective in the management of speech anxiety in Student teachers. A third measure of remediation - cognitive restructuring - was introduced as a control in this study to monitor the effect of cognition on speech anxiety. Its effectiveness was also compared with the other two management measures. A 4 x 2 factorial design was used in this study, The samples were taken from a group of 100 students in the post-school certificate class of a teachers' College. Results indicated that the systematic desensitization and cognitive restructuring procedures proved very effective in significantly reducing speech anxiety in most of the variables used in this study. The variables are the Stimulus response (SRI) inventory (F = 6.10, df = 3/40, P <.01), check-list questionnaire ( = 8.08, df = 3/40, P< .01), the pulse rate differential (F = 8.11, df = 3/40, P <.01 and speech rating (F = 2.48, df = 3/40). The systematic desensitization procedure was however more effective than the cognitive restructuring procedure. T - Values recorded on two of the variables used in the study are 6.41 (SRI) at df = 10 and P<.01, and 2.75 (CLQ) at df = 10 and P<.05. The relaxation measure was not as effective in managing speech anxiety as the earlier two measures. Though it reduced the anxiety level of the subjects, the relaxation measure was not significant even at the .05 probability level.Item Some correlates of teaching effectiveness among secondary school teachers in Ibadan(2009-07) Animasahun, R. A.; Ogunwuyi, B.O.This study investigated the combined and separate effects of creativity, emotional intelligence, motivation, introversion and extroversion on teaching effectiveness of secondary school teachers in Ibadan. The study was carried out in 10 randomly selected secondary schools in Ibadan North Local Government area of Oyo State. The study population comprised entire teaching staff in the selected schools. Three hundred teachers however, participated in the study. Six validated instruments were used to collect data. The result indicated that the five independent variables contributed significantly both jointly and relatively to the prediction of teaching effectiveness. On the basis of this findings, it is recommended that creativity, emotional intelligence and personality factors should be considered in the course of recruiting people into teaching profession. Furthermore, teachers’ motivation should be considered as of paramount importanceItem Measured effect of emotional intelligence education in the remediation of aggressive behaviours among members of the NURTW in Ibadan metropolis(Ife Centre for Psychological Studies, Ile Ife, 2007-03) Animasahun, R. A.The study investigated the effects of Emotional Intelligence education in the remediation of aggressive behaviours among the members of the National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW) in Ibadan metropolis. Eighty-nine (89) member of the NURTW who were randomly selected from Gate, Molete and Iwo Road motor parks in Ibadan whose ages ranged between 17-65 years with a mean of 41 were randomly assigned to the intervention condition and the control group. The training lasted for six weeks of 12 sessions. A pre-test post-test control group design using a 2x3 factorial matrix was utilized. The participants responded to an Aggression Questionnaire by Buss and Perry (1992) at the pre and post intervention sessions. The result indicated that the intervention group had their aggressive behaviour tendencies greatly reduced compared with the control group. [(1,83) = 121.83 P<.001], an indication of a significant difference between the experimental and the control group. On the basis of the findings, it was suggested that members of the NURTW should be trained in emotional intelligence skills which could successfully reduce, remediate and alleviate their aggressive behaviours. This would lead to an enhanced relationship between the members of NURTW and the passengers, an enhanced intra and interpersonal relationship among members of the union, reduced rate of recklessness and avoidance of bloody clashes among rival groups of the union