FACULTY OF CLINICAL SCIENCES

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    A review of vulvar and vaginal cancers in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (2013) Okolo, C. A.; Odubanjo, M. O.; Awolude, O. A.; Akang, E. E. U.
    The objectives of this study are to give an update on the previous studies on vulvar and vaginal cancers from the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, to elucidate any changes in pattern, and to enumerate some of the factors affecting the management of these cancers at the UCH today. All the cases of cancer of the vulva and vagina seen at the UCH between January 1981 and December 2008 were reviewed and re-classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) histological classification of 2004. The results are as follows: Vaginal and vulvar cancers were the 4th (1.4%) and 5th (1.2%) most common of the 5913 gynecological cancers seen. The mean age was 49.7 years. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histological type. Notably, vulvar cancer is more common than vaginal cancer in the US and the UK and this opposes our findings. We studied time periods before and after the year 2000, and found vaginal cancer to be more common before and vulvar cancer after the year 2000. We suggest that this may be related to the introduction of the FIGO guidelines in 2000. We conclude that it is important to strictly adhere to the FIGO guidelines in determining the primary site of origin of these cancers in patients with advanced local disease as this distinction has implications for clinical management. The objectives of this study are to give an update on the previous studies on vulvar and vaginal cancers from the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, to elucidate any changes in pattern, and to enumerate some of the factors affecting the management of these cancers at the UCH today. All the cases of cancer of the vulva and vagina seen at the UCH between January 1981 and December 2008 were reviewed and re-classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) histological classification of 2004. The results are as follows: Vaginal and vulvar cancers were the 4th (1.4%) and 5th (1.2%) most common of the 5913 gynecological cancers seen. The mean age was 49.7 years. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histological type. Notably, vulvar cancer is more common than vaginal cancer in the US and the UK and this opposes our findings. We studied time periods before and after the year 2000, and found vaginal cancer to be more common before and vulvar cancer after the year 2000. We suggest that this may be related to the introduction of the FIGO guidelines in 2000. We conclude that it is important to strictly adhere to the FIGO guidelines in determining the primary site of origin of these cancers in patients with advanced local disease as this distinction has implications for clinical management.
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    Breast and cervical cancers awareness and screening practices among rural women in Ona-ara Local government area, Ibadan, Nigeria
    (2013-05) Ajayi, I. O.; Onibokun, A. C.; Soyannwo, O. A.
    The level of awareness and screening practices for breast and cervical cancers among rural women was investigated. Three of the six rural wards in Ona-ara LGA were selected by balloting and the three largest communities in each of the wards were purposively selected for the study.Structured interview was conducted among 276 consenting women aged ≥18 years in the households. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Mean age of respondents was 36.5+12.6 years. Only 52(18.8%) and 11(4.0%) mentioned they knew something about breast and cervical cancers respectively. Knowledge of risk factors, cause and screening methods was poor irrespective of demographics. Only 15/52 (28.8%) and 3/52 (5.8%) who knew something about breast cancer mentioned clinical and Breast Self-Examination (BSE) respectively as screening methods for breast cancer. Half, 28/52 (53.8%) have ever practiced BSE and 9(17.3%) had clinical examination of the breast which was done as part of antenatal care or physical examination. The 24 respondents who did not examine their breasts mentioned they did not know they should (54.2%), don’t have problems with their breasts (54.3%), don’t know how to do it (37.5%) and think health workers should do it (33.3%). Only 4/11(36.4%) of those who knew something about cervical cancer mentioned vaginal examination for cervical cancer screening and only one (0.1%) respondent mentioned Pap smear. The poor level of awareness and screening practices for breast and cervical cancers among women in these rural communities emphasizes the need for community-based educational campaigns and provision of screening facilities in rural areas