FACULTY OF CLINICAL SCIENCES
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Item Knowledge of emergency contraception and predictors of its use among female undergraduates in two Nigerian universities.(Association of Resident Doctors (ARD), University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria., 2022) Ogunbode, O.O.; Takpe, R.; Adeniyi, A.; Ogunbode, A. M.; Agboola, A.Background: Unintended pregnancies contribute to the high burden of unsafe abortion, maternal deaths and morbidities among undergraduates. Objective: To assess the determinants of good knowledge and evaluate the trends in the practice of Emergency Contraception (EC) among female undergraduates. Method: This was a cross sectional study involving four hundred and twenty female undergraduates from two universities in Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants were recruited from their hostels and classrooms. Data collection was done using self-administered questionnaires and good knowledge was defined as three correct answers to five questions testing knowledge. The questionnaires also addressed their practices of EC. The data was stored on the computer, cleaned and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05. Results: Two hundred and fourteen (51.0%) participants were aware of EC and the common sources were friends (43.4%), media (42.9%) and pharmacies (42.0%). One hundred and sixty-four participants (39.1%) had good knowledge of EC. Participants in the age group 20-24 years, second year of study, those who were aware of EC and had ever used EC were associated with good knowledge. Less than half (48%) of the sexually active participants used EC in the past six months and Levonogestrel (51%) was the commonest EC used. Menstrual irregularity and abdominal pain were the major side effects of EC. Conclusion: The practice of EC is poor and with poor knowledge demonstrated among female undergraduates. There is therefore the need to improve information and access to EC in the university community.Item Assisted reproductive techniques and gamete donation; knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate among students in a Nigerian tertiary institution(Zambia Medical Association, 2020) Ogunbode, O. O.; Obajimi, G. O.Background: Infertility is a worldwide problem affecting about 10-15% of married couples and has social, economic and psychological implications1. A significant number of couples will require assisted reproduction following failure of common treatment options. Undergraduates form a rich source of potential gamete donors and it is imperative to assess their knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate in the expanding gamete donor programs in a developing country like Nigeria. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of participants about assisted reproduction and to further evaluate their willingness to donate gametes for assisted conception or act as surrogates. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 1150 participants consisting of 511 male students and 639 female students of the University of Ibadan. Participants were selected by simple random sampling technique. A semistructured, self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate in gamete donor programs. Participation was voluntary and data obtained was treated with utmost confidentiality. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS, New York) version 22. Descriptive statistics were generated, and the results summarized with the aid of a bar chart and frequency tables. Results: Eight seven percent of the respondents had good knowledge of Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) and the most common source of awareness was the media (63.3%). More respondents were aware of sperm donation (75.5%) compared to egg donation (61.9%). Ninety percent of the participants were correctly able to identify the places where ART could be practiced in Nigeria. Most of the respondents (81.5%) supported ART services and the most common reason for not supporting was due to ethical considerations (45.1%). Only about 54.9% were willing to participate in gamete donor programs. Nine (0.8%) female respondents had previously participated in egg (oocyte) donation while none of the male respondents had ever donated sperm. About threequarters of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge about the practice of surrogacy. Conclusion: Despite good knowledge about ART, only about half of the respondents were willing to participate in gamete donor programs. Religious and health concerns were primarily responsible for their reluctance. Providing Information, Education and Communication (IEC) materials about the safety of ART will increase the level of awareness and confidence in ART thereby increasing participation by potential donors particularly undergraduates in a developing country like Nigeria.Item Determinants of cervical cancer screening uptake among women attending selected family planning clinics in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.(2020) Ndikom, C. M.; Ajibade, A. B.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.Background: Cervical cancer screening (CCS) continuously has low awareness and is poorly utilized in developing countries despite higher incidence of cervical cancer (CC). Increasing incidence of CC has been associated with late reporting of symptoms, ignorance about the disease, and its preventive measures. This study was conducted to further investigate the determinants of CCS uptake among women attending selected family planning clinics in Ibadan, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Adopting a cross‑sectional design, 205 consenting respondents attending family planning clinics were interviewed using an interviewer‑administered questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. The hypotheses were tested using Chi‑square, odds ratio, and logistic regression at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 33 ± 8 years; 176 (85.9%) were married and 72 (35.1%) had tertiary education. Although 71% of the respondents were aware of CC, only 37.1% had good knowledge and 16.1% had previously utilized CCS. About two‑thirds (68.8%) of the respondents were willing to uptake CCS, except for perceived barriers such as lack of understanding of the disease and inadequate information about the services coupled with limited availability of the CCS services. There was a significant association between uptake of CCS and knowledge (χ2 = 17.944, P < 0.001), education (χ2 = 7.724, P < 0.024), and income (χ2 = 32.22, P < 0.001). On logistic regression, the uptake CCS remained influenced mainly by income of >40,000 Naira (OR = 5.355, CI = 1.678–17.083) and knowledge (OR = 3.112, CI = 1.247–7.768). Conclusion: Family planning clinics are readily available centers for increasing the knowledge base of the women on the need for regular CCS. This needs to be duly incorporated into our routine services.Item Clinical audit of knowledge and practice of epidural labour analgesia amongst obstetricians in South-West Nigeria(East African Public Health Association, 2010-06) Osinaike, B. B.; Osinaike, B. B.; Ogunbode, O. O.; Aderinto, D. A.Epidural analgesia (EA) is the most ideal method for pain relief during labour. We sought to highlight the current knowledge and practice of the obstetricians regarding epidural labour analgesia (ELA). An audit was conducted amongst obstetricians in two teaching hospitals in the south west of Nigeria. Most of our respondents received lectures about ELA but about half of them rated the lectures as inadequate. Though 37.8 % and 53.3% of respondents are of the opinion that there is interference with labour and increased incidence of instrumentation following epidural analgesia in labour respectively, however 84.4% agreed that the technique is not associated with adverse neonatal or maternal outcome and 97.8% will prefer their patients having epidural labour analgesia. We are of the opinion that education regarding ELA, both during and after obstetric speciality training, be improved, and well-established interpersonal relationship between obstetricians and anaesthetists will be needed to achieve this.Item Knowledge of caregivers on the risk factor knowledge factors of otitis media(2012-10) Adeyemo, A. A.Introduction: Otitis media (OM) is common in children. In developing countries, it is the most common cause of hearing impairment. Many factors predispose to OM, some of which are modifiable through lifestyle changes. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of caregivers on the risk factors (RFs) associated with OM and their willingness to modify their lifestyle to reduce the risk of OM. The impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on the knowledge and willingness in lifestyle alteration was also assessed. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study using a modifi ed Ear Infection Survey questionnaire. The SES of caregivers/mothers was determined, and they were interviewed to determine their knowledge of RFs for OM and their willingness to undergo lifestyle modifi cations. Results: One hundred caregivers (96 females) were interviewed, majority of whom (81%) were in the higher SES. There were signifi cant differences between low and high SES in day care attendance, siblings and parents with history of OM. Apart from daycare attendance and household smokers, all other RFs were higher among the lower SES. Individuals from low SES background had poorer knowledge of the RFs for OM. A strong willingness to modify behavior to avert a surgical procedure for OM is seen in both groups. Conclusion: Caregivers in both SES groups were willing to undergo behavioral modifi cations in reducing the risk of OM; utilizing this knowledge in educational programs will help to reduce the prevalence of OM in children. This must be coupled with training and encouragement of health workers to disseminate information on RFs of OMItem Knowledge of the human papilloma virus vaccines, and opinions of gynaecologists on its implementation in Nigeria(2013-06) Morhason-Bello, I. O.; Adesina, O. A.; Adedokun, B. O.; Awolude, O.; Okolo, C. A.; Aimakhu, C. O.; Akinwunmi, B. O.; Oladokun, A.; Adewole, I. F.The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and perception of Nigerian Obstetricians and Gynaecologists towards human papilloma virus vaccine use in Nigeria. A cross sectional study was conducted amongst participants that attended the 42nd Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Nigeria. The findings revealed that 44.5% knew the correct HPV vaccine schedule. Regarding implementation in Nigeria, 87.4% suggested its incorporation into the national immunization program and about a third agreed that it should be a precondition for school enrolment. Regression analysis showed that senior residents were more likely to have adequate knowledge of the vaccine compared to junior residents (AOR 7.181 95% CI OR=1.792 – 28.782). We conclude that the knowledge of eligibility and schedule is poor. It is recommended that adequate information should be provided to this group of health workers because of their strategic position in its implementation in NigeriaItem Knowledge and practice of pain management among nurses In labour wards in Ibadan, Nigeria(2016-09) EZE-Ojerinde, O.; Onibokun, A.; Akpa, O. M.Background: It is not clear whether awareness of pain management has influenced the management of labour pain by nurse/midwives in Ibadan, Nigeria. Many women in labour do not get optimal pain relief, despite awareness of the importance of pain management. Aims: This study aimed to assess knowledge and practice of labour pain management among nurse/midwives in Ibadan. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 87 nurse/midwives on duty in labour rooms of three hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, and Pearson's and Kendall's correlation coefficients were used for data analysis. All analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 20.0 at a 5% level of significance. Findings: Two thirds of respondents (66.7%) had a moderate level of knowledge, and 34.5% managed labour pain through back massage/psychotherapy. Knowledge of pain management was associated with level of education (τ = 0.82; P < 0.001) while good practice of pain management was associated with good knowledge (r = 0.49; P < 0.001). The association between good practice and years of working experience just failed to be statistically significant (P = 0.06). Conclusions: Nurse/midwives in Ibadan have moderate knowledge of labour pain management. Participants in this study primarily used back massage and psychotherapy. There is need for improvement in knowledge of labour pain management through continuing education for nurse/midwives in IbadanItem Nurses’ knowledge and reported practice of palliative and end- of-life care nursing at the university college hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria(TextLinks Publishers, Ibadan, 2014-06) Onibokun, A. C.Background: Palliative and End-of-Life (EoL) care nursing is the active total care of patients with advanced illness. The goal of this approach to care is the achievement of the best quality of life for patients and their families. No member of the interdisciplinary team is more central to making these discoveries possible than the nurse. Care of patients with life-limiting diseases and dealing with death and dying is an integral part of oncology musing. In environments of best practice, nurses routinely identify and suggest patients to physicians for possible referral to palliative care and discuss potential referrals with families. Though studies from other parts of the globe had reported levels of knowledge and practice of palliative and EoL care amongst nurses; there is dearth of literature emanating from Nigeria, specifically on the knowledge and practice of palliative and EoL care nursing by professional nurses. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the few that have been published in Nigeria, focused mainly on knowledge of palliative care among healthcare workers. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and reported practice of palliative and EoL care nursing by nurses working at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria; in a bid to inform where gap in knowledge to practice may exist. Methods: This is a descriptive study utilizing cross-sectional design, 650 nurses in various nursing cadres, who were participating in the monthly continuing education program organized by the In- Service Education (ISE) department of UCH for nurses, over a period of twelve months. With the aid of a validated semi -structured questionnaire, information was elicited from the participants on demographic variables, education and training profile, and contents of nursing education curricula, years of working experience among others. On a 5-point Likert scale, their knowledge and principles of palliative and end-of-life care nursing were assessed. Their reported practice was also assessed. Results: The sample of 650 nurses was made up of 155(23.8%) university graduates and 495(76.2) diploma-prepared nurses. Three hundred and sixty four (32%) of the participants had component of palliative care nursing in their curricula, while 327(50.3%) had components of palliative care nursing and pain management in their curricula. Fifty-four (4.7%) had formal palliative care training post- qualification. Majority (81.2%) of the respondents claimed they apply the knowledge and principles of palliative care in their current practice. A little above fifty-nine percent (59.2%) had good knowledge of palliative care. However, the practice of some was poor (40.0%) and many (29.2%) also had poor attitude towards provision of palliative and EoL care to patients who are approaching EoL; evidenced by their inappropriate responses to the related questions. Conclusion: This study identified gaps in nursing knowledge and reported practice as it relates to palliative and EoL care nursing in the management of life-limiting diseases, such as cancer. It has provided the authors with baseline data that will be used to generate additional studies to further advocate for the need to integrate palliative and EoL care nursing components into nursing education curricula, both at the university and diploma levels. Our findings suggest a need for urgent review of nursing education curricula in Nigeria at both levels, and the input of all stakeholders especially the Nursing & Midwifery Council of NigeriaItem Knowledge and practice of breast self-examination among nursing and midwifery students in Ibadan, Nigeria(TextLinks Publishers, Ibadan, 2014-06) Hammed, S. K.; Aluko, J. O.; Onibokun, A. C.; Adejumo, P. O.Background: Breast self-examination (BSE) is a check-up that a woman does by herself at home to look for changes or problems affecting the breast tissue. BSE is still recommended as a general approach to increasing breast health awareness and thus potentially allow for early detection of any anomalies because it is free, painless and easy to practice. This study assessed the knowledge and practice of BSE among Nursing and Midwifery students of School of Nursing and Midwifery, Eleyele Ibadan. Methods: The descriptive study was conducted with the use of structured questionnaires designed by the researchers. The internet resources and previous related studies served as the sources of content of the questionnaire. A simple random technique was used to select the participants for the study; the Nursing and Midwifery Council indexing record for the school being the sample frame. Thus, a total of 142 participants were recruited for the study. Results: The findings show that, majority (84.5%) of the respondents had good knowledge of BSE, while all of them had heard about BSE as at the time of data collection. However, over 90% had been practicing it prior to the period of data collection appropriately. Less than 15% of the respondents, had been able detect breast lumps while performing BSE. This category of the respondents claimed to have informed their parents before any action was taken. Conclusion: Breast cancer is the most severe and serious health problem faced by the public, majorly women. These nursing and midwifery students, most of whom were within the transitive phase from adolescent to adulthood have potential influence on one another, their immediate families and the society at large. This category of the nation’s population has been less studied in previous related researches. Therefore, educating them particularly during their professional training is very importantItem Breast cancer knowledge and screening practices among women in selected rural communities of Nigeria(Acadenic Journals, 2012-11) Olowokere, A. E.; Onibokun, A. C.; Oluwatosin, O. A.Globally, the devastation that befalls women diagnosed of breast cancer remains inestimable. Early detection remains a major effective approach that should be employed to combat the disease. The issue of concern, however, is whether women in the rural underserved areas are aware of these early detection methods. This study was designed to assess rural women’s awareness and knowledge of breast cancer and their screening practices. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study utilizing self developed structured questionnaire. Reliability of the instrument was determined and alpha correlation values range between 0.81 and 0.95 for the different components of the questionnaire. Data was processed using descriptive analysis and associations tested with Chi-square at 5% level of significance. The results of the findings showed that 52.7% of the women had adequate knowledge about breast cancer risk factors and symptoms. Regarding the women’s awareness about breast cancer screening methods, 52.8 and 51.7% of women have heard about Breast Self-Examination (BSE) and Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) respectively. However, few numbers of respondents (3.9%) were aware about mammography and these are people who did it for the purpose of diagnosing breast problem. Majority of the women (72.8%) did not practice BSE which is the most readily available screening method. Considering the lack of sophisticated diagnostic technology such as mammography for breast screening in the rural areas, BSE provided a unique opportunity for the women to be breast aware and to identify breast problems which may constitute danger to their health in the future. Health care professionals, most especially those at the primary health care level, should enhance the women’s skills to use this simple procedure effectively to promote their health