FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
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Item Influence of fiber characteristics of Nigérian grown Bambusa vulgaris Schrad on its relative density and burst strength(Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering. University oflbadan, Nigeria, 2008) ogedengbe K.Strength properties of Bambusa vulgaris with increasing culm height was studied considering its fiber characteristics with particular reference to the presence or absence of nodes. At the interaode. an increase in fiber length with increasing culm height (2.78 mm-3.73 mm from base to lop) was observed, while fiber diameter behaved conversely, showing a reduction from base to top (0.033 mm-0.013 mm). Relative density and burst strength had a similar trend as they both showed reduction in values from base to top (0.62-0.31 and 8.2KN/mmJ - 5.3KN/mnr respectively). At the node, reduction in fiber length from base to top (1.79 mm 1.39 mm) was ohserved. while fiber diameter increased from base to top (0.023 mm-0.031mm). Relative density showed a reduction from base to lop (0.64-0.32). while burst strength had a similar trend having a range of above 1 IKN/mm5-5.4KN/mmJ from base to top Statistical analysis of the data from the node revealed a strong direct correlation between fiber length and relative density, while fiber diameter showed a weak and inverse relationship. Burst strength showed a direct but weak relationship with fiber length, while it had an inverse and weak correlation with fiber diameter. At the intemode. a weak and inverse relationship was revealed between density and fiber length, while fiber diameter showed a direct but weak relationship. Burst strength and fiber length showed a strong but inverse correlation, while fiher diameter and burst strength revealed a direct and significant correlation.Item Trends in fiber characteristics of Nigerian grown bamboo and its effect on its impact and tensile strengths(Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2008) Omobowale M.O.Variations in impact bending and tensile strengths of Bambusa vulgaris (Schrad) with increasing culm height were studied considering its fiber characteristics at the nodes and internodes along the length of the culm. At the nodes, statistical analysis revealed a weak but direct correlation between fiber length and tensile strength while fiber diameter had a strong but inverse relationship with it. Impact bending showed a direct but weak relationship with fiber length while it had an inverse and weak correlation with fiber diameter. For the internodes, a st-'^gn inverse relationship was established between fiber length and tensile strength while fiber diameter showed a direct but weak relationship. Impact bending and fiber length had a strong but inverse correlation while fiber length and impact bending revealed a direct and significant correlation.Item Solid waste management in south western Nigeria(2004) AGBEDE O.A.; AJAGBE W.O.This study researches into solid waste management in South-West Nigeria in relation to pollution control using a an North as a case study. The generation pattern storage, collection and transportation, and the final disposal of solid waste ocean government are all discussed. Data used for this study were collected by the use of structured questionnaires and oral interviews. Analysis of the data revealed that all the functional elements of solid waste management system in the local government and the city of lbadan in general as practiced by existing institution - Ibadan Solid Waste Management Authority, are engulfed with fundamental problems which apparently have been the reason why institutions are unsuccessful in the efficient management of solid waste and control of environmental pollution. The various problems are identified, analyzed and discussed, pragmatic means of solving the problems, such as the encouragement of waste recycling; the active provisionItem Causes And Prevention Of Erosion In Urban Centres: A Case Of Okeotunu/Sanngo Area Of Ibadan City, Nigeria(2004) Agbede O.A.; W. O. Ajagbe W.OThe causes of erosion in the study area, Okeitunu/ Sanngo, were investigated via the geology and soil properties of the area, the state of the existing road network and the drainage system, and the solid waste management practice in the local government area. It was revealed that both natural and man made activities contributed to the erosion of the area. Topographical nature of Okeitunu and the inadequate stream channel, in addition to bad environmental sanitation practices, unchecked vegetative removal and lack of enlightenment on the part of the inhabitants on erosion problems are the key factors causing the degradation of the Okeitunu environment. Stabilization of the steep slope, rehabilitation of the existing bare roads and damaged drainage will abate the wearing away of the soil. In addition, the populace needs to be enlightened to know what it takes to initiate or aggravate erosion.Item Icast 2007 Advancement through technology & education(INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, 2007) Mijinyawa .YThe moduli of elasticity and rupture, and the energy to cause failure under impact load of oil palm truck were determined. Samples for testing were obtained from the base, middle and top of the tree truck. They were taken from both the core and outer region of the truck and tested wet and dry conditions. the samples obtained from the outer layer of the base and tested under wet and dry conditions, gave the highest modulus of elasticity of 4943 N/mm and a modulus of ruture of 42.8 N/mm. The samples obtained from the inner section of the top and tested under wet condition gave the lowest values of 369.7 N/mm for modulusof elasticity and 0.4 N/mm for modulus of rupture. The maximum value of energy consumption of 12.86 joules was recorded for the samples from the inner portion of the top and tested under dry condition. There was a general decrease from the base to the top for the three parameters and from inside to the outer section.Item A technical and economic evaluation of the electricity generation and distribution system in Nigeria(2002) Diji, C. J.Electricity is one form of energy . It occupies a special place in our civilization, because it is easier to use than many other types. It is clean, versatile and can be transported over long distances almost instantly. These factors account for why electricity has grown faster than other forms of energy and why this growth is' expected to continue. Electricity generation and distribution in Nigeria is a business of government and government vested that sole responsibility to the National Electric Power Authority (NEPA). Almost 30yrs of its existence, NEPA has not been able to meet the electricity needs for residential, commercial and industrial use. This paper is an exploratory appraisal of the economic and technical factors that has been responsible for the inability of NEPA to fulfil its statutory responsibility. The paper ,asserts that if the issues of electricity demand' and supply, electricity tariffs, choice of technology for power generation and the efficiency of the electricity distribution networks are not addressed, the adequate supply of electricity in Nigeria will continue to be a mirage.Item Energy-Exergy analysis and carbon emission of Nigerian cement manufacturing industry(2009-04) Diji, C. J.; Fagbenle, L.Two of the largest cement manufacturing plants in Nigeria, named Plants A and B, were studied and the data collected for the 10 year period 1995- 2005 from them enabled an analysis of their energy consumption, energy cost per tonne, efficiency of energy use from exergy analysis, and carbon dioxide emission rates. The two plants account for over 70% of total local cement production in Nigeria. Both plants utilize thermal and electrical energy. With both plants having thermal to electrical energy utilization ratio of 90:10 compared to the 70:30 recommended best global practice. The Input-Output Analysis methodology was used to evaluate the embodied energy intensity which was found to increase over the period in both plants, with Plant A having the highest increase from 7.1 to 9.4 GJ/tonne. The embodied energy intensity for both plants was 50% higher than the recommended best global practice of between 2.9 and 3.2 GJ/tonne. The energy cost per tonne for both plants increased by about 1000%over the period despite a 33% reduction in total energy consumption. Efficiency of energy use evaluated from an exergy analysis in Plant A increased from 50% to 59% while in Plant B the increase was from 33%to 45% over the period, compared to the recommended global best practice of 50%. Carbon dioxide emission in both plants declined over the period, for Plant A from 765903 Tg to 548310 Tg (40%) and for Plant B from 604255 Tg to 543658 Tg (16%) over the period.Item Electricity demand and consumption in a manufacturing industry(2002-02) Diji, C. J.; Okiwelu, A. A.Industrialization the world over owes its growth to the discovery of electricity. Most machines and plants are driven by electric motors; residential and industrial lighting is predominantly electrical; and the communication and entertainment industry are largely dependent 011 electricity. This paper is an analysis of the demand and consumption pattern of electricity in a manufacturing industry in Ibadan. Based on the supply pattern of the electricity to meet the needs of the organization; the paper concludes that there is a need to improve electricity supply to tile manufacturing industry to cut down its production cost which has been on the increase due to energy as one of its prime causes.Item Improved reservoir description using surface oil viscosity data(Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003) Umeh, N.; Isehunwa, S.; Okorafo, C.; Owolabi, S.; Agu, I.; Olare, J.; Biambo, T.Subsurface oil viscosity data are usually not readily available for most reservoirs, as they are expensive to acquire. On the other hand, surface oil viscosity is routinely measured and therefore readily available for all producing wells. A method has been developed for converting the surface viscosity to reservoir viscosity data, using SPDC's "Field A" as a case study. Surface oil viscosity data from all producing wells in "Field A" where collected from SPDC-West Production Chemistry laboratory and converted to reservoir viscosity using a simple method that utilizes relevant PVT data. The method allows a better and more detailed subsurface description of reservoir viscosity in line with facies variations. The study also shows that reservoir oil viscosity could be lower in some sands than previously estimated. This gave a significant impact on reserves in one of the reservoirs where scope to increase the booked reserves by about 60 MMstb was observed. Opportunity to also –increase constrained off take from 2300 b/d to 3000 b/d in some planned new wells was also observed.Item Analysis of water cresting in horizontal wells(Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009) Okwananke, A.; Isehunwa, S. O.Horizontal well application has sometimes been employed as a way of minimizing excessive water production arising from coning commonly encountered during oil production in vertical wells. Lots of efforts on water coning in vertical wells have been published. Available predictive models in horizontal wells vary from rather simplistic to complex models. This study investigated the development of practical models that combine ease of use with accuracy. Conformal mapping was used to combine steady state flow, volumetric voidage and pressure drop due to gravity effects in horizontal wells to obtain models that predict critical rates and breakthrough times. The results were compared with some existing correlations under varied reservoir fluid and rock properties. The models were also applied to vertical wells. It was also observed that critical rates and breakthrough times in horizontal wells are affected directly by effective permeability, well length, oil column height, density contrast between wafer and oil, !he height of the water crest. There is however, an inverse relationship with oil viscosity and production rate. It is concluded that simple and accurate correlation that can be applied to coning problems in both horizontal and vertical wells have been developed. They provide a means of comparing the performance of horizontal and vertical wells.