FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY

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End date: 2024Subject: search.filters.subject.Nigeria

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    Potentials of binderless boards production for sustainable building development in nigeria: a review
    (2023) Kolajo T.E.; Omoniyi T.E.
    Nigeria, a developing nation with a population of about 200 million people, is currently experiencing a national housing deficit of approximately 17 million units. With an expected annual national population growth rate of about 3% and an annual urban population growth rate of about 4%, Nigeria's population is becoming more and more concentrated in metropolitan regions, towns, and cities where housing deficits are more pronounced. The high cost of construction materials contributes majorly to Nigeria's housing problems, prompting several researches into the use of local materials as alternative building materials. In Nigeria, lignocellulosic biomass resources such as forestry residues, agricultural wastes, and industrial remnants are available in large quantities and are being investigated for use in the production of wood-based panel boards. However, the formaldehyde-based adhesives used in their manufacture emit emissions that pollute the environment and harm human health. The goal is to create cheap, environmentally friendly binder-less boards from waste lignocellulosic materials. In pursuit of a sustainable built environment in Nigeria, this review investigates the potentials of binder-less board production from lignocellulosic biomass.
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    STRUCTURAL FAILURES OF EARTH DAMS IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF CHAM DAM IN GOMBE STATE
    (Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2010) Umaru .A
    The study investigates the reasons for failure of earth dams in Nigeria with emphasis on dams owned by the River Basin Development Authorities of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Water resources us; ng Ch m dam in Gombe State as case study. The general causes of earth dam failure were considered with emphasis on failures due to engineering factors. Cham dam failed in September 1998 after commissioning in December 1992 as a result of poor planning, inadequate study, inconsistent design, un-engineered construction and lack of dam safety monitoring team at site. Based on the findings, suggestions were given on how earth dam failures in Nigeria can be minimized in terms of adequate feasibility studies, good design, appropriate construction and an improved maintenance culture.
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    The constraints and prospects of small scale business enterprises in Nigeria
    (2011) Ayika bn, S. N.; Diji, C. J.
    Small businesses play a vital role in the economic development of any nation. They are a strategic sector for generating high economic growth, reducing unemployment and a veritable tool for poverty alleviation. Based on the current economic globalization and neo - liberalization concept, the paper examines the constraints and prospects of small business development in Nigeria. Exploring the concept of entrepreneurship, the paper asserts that the growth in small businesses will be proportionate to the level of entrepreneurship in the country. Thus the paper asserts further that the constraints of small business development are synonymous with the constraints to entrepreneurial development and identifies high interest rates of banks and financial institutions, defective educational curriculum that does not support entrepreneurship, influx of foreign products, weak enforcement of copyright and piracy laws as well as poor infrastructural support as major constraints to small business development in Nigeria. The paper concludes on an optimistic note by highlighting various economic and social conditions which offers hope and prospects to entrepreneurial and small businesses development in Nigeria such as the prevailing economic situation, renewed government support for small business development and the prevailing social scene in the country, which offer high incentives to business development.
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    Design and construction of a 5kW turbine for a proposed micro hydroelectric power plant installation at Awba dam University of Ibadan
    (Medwell Journals, 2011) Ajuwape, T.; Ismail, O. S.
    The design and construction of a 5 kW turbine for a proposed micro hydroelectric power plant installation at Awba Dam University of Ibadan was undertaken. Dam outflow rate and the average head of outflow were determined using a topographical survey of the dam and pertinent calculations. For selection of a suitable turbine from available options (Francis, Kaplan and Pelton), a selection matrix was used with compliance with turbine selection chart, affordability, ease of local construction and long term cost effectiveness and suitability for expected working-speed range as the selection criteria. The various designed parts were constructed and assembled locally and the turbine was tested using both an elevated tap (a height of 4 m and a flow rate of about 0.00051 m3 sec-1) and a water tanker at a flow rate of about 0.00214 m3 sec-1. Results showed that Francis turbine was most suitable. Turbine inlet tip angle of 59°, turbine outlet tip angle of 47°, turbine runner outer diameter of 22 cm and inner diameter of 11 cm and a wicket angle of 22° were obtained. These values were used for constructing the turbine. Tests performed using the tap showed that the turbine worked at an average rotational speed of 110 rev min-1 while it worked at an average speed of 300 rev min-1 when it was tested using the water tanker. This showed that the turbine speed increased with increased water flow rate. A 5 kW Francis turbine for micro hydro installation at Awba dam has been designed and constructed. The turbine worked smoothly.
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    Best distribution and plotting positions of daily maximum flood estimation at Ona River in Ogun-Oshun River Basin, Nigeria
    (International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, 2011) Ewemoje, T. A.; Ewemooje, O. S.
    The paper discusses how Normal, Lognormal, and log-Pearson type 3 distributions were investigated as distributions for modelling at-site annual. maximum flood flows using the Hazen, Weibull, and California plotting positions at Ogun-Oshun river basin in Nigeria. All the probability distributions when matched with Weibull plotting position gave similar values near the center of the distribution but varied considerably in the tails. The Weibull plotting position when matched with Normal, Log-normal and Log Pearson Type III probability distributions gave the highest Coefficient of determinations of 0.967, 0.987, and 0.986 respectively. Hazen plotting position gave minimal errors with the RMSE of 6.988, 6.390, and 6.011 for Normal, Log-normal, and Log-Pearson Type III probability distributions respectively. This implies that, predicting statistically using Hazen plotting position, the central tendency of predicted values to deviate from observed flows will be minimal for the period under consideration. Minimum absolute differences of 2.3516 and 0.5763 at 25- and 50-year return periods' were obtained under the Log-Pearson Type III distribution when matched with Weibull plotting position, while an absolute difference of 0.2338 at 100-year return period was obtained under the Log-Pearson Type 1II distribution when matched with California .plotting position. Comparing the probability distributions, Log-Pearson Type III distribution with the least absolute differences for all the plotting positions is the best distribution among the three for Ona River under Ogun-Osun river basin study location.