FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
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Item TECHNICAL APPRAISAL OF SOME MAIZE SHELLERS IN OYO AND KWARA STATES OF NIGERIA(Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2021) Omobowale, M.O.; Ogwumike, J.C.; Olenloa, A.E.; Kolayemi, O.R; Ala, A.A.; Omodara, O.M.; Otitodun, G. O.; Nwaubani, S.I.; Ileleji, K.E.; McNe, S.G.; Opit, G.P.This study assessed the performance of some maize shellers in use in grain markets in Oyo and Kwara States, Nigeria. A preliminary survey conducted identified shellers in use as basic maize sheller (BMS) without blower, maize sheller with blower attachment (MSB) and the multi-purpo'* s. ller (MPS). The shelling/cleaning performance of the shellers were assessed using yellow maize (SWAN ' variety) and some key equipment parameters, which impact performance were measured. The air velocity for MSB and MPS ranged bet een 0.4 and 2.4 m/s which was not sufficient for efficient cleaning of chaff from shelled grains. Shaft speed for BMS, MSB and MPS were 845, 920 and 820 rpm, respectively. Average throughput for BMS, MSB and MPS was ',7'4, 600 and 840 kg/hr, respectively with mean shelling efficiencies of 92.9, 82.7 and 97.9%, respectively. Mea. ^leaning efficiencies were 54.0 and 57.7% for MSB and MPS, respectively. The percentage grain loss for BMS, MSB and MPS were '7, 7.' and '.9%, respectively. It was observed that many fabricators do not consult agricultural engineers when producing machines, relying more on previous experience. Additionally, there was a lack of consideration for operator safety with the exposure of moving parts of the equipment in all the designs evaluated. A key recommendation from this study is that sheller designs should be standardized to ensure the provision of quality and highly efficient machinery for processors.Item Postharvest Practices among Grain Farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria(Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2021) Omobowale M.O.The need for adequate postharvest crop management has come to the fore in sub-Saharan Africa. A survey was conducted in ten farm settlements in Oyo state, Nigeria, where 400 farmers w interviewed. Respondents were predominantly males (82%), and about 33% did not undergo any formal educa io ,. About 39% reported hardly ever seeing agricultural extension agents coming to train them on mitigation of po; uar est losses, while 87% of the farmers agreed that they experience significant postharvest losses. Observations revealed a low level of postharvest mechanization, while storage structures and processing equipment installed at the inc ption of the settlements were in a state of disrepair. Maize threshers were found in all settlements however, b1 owers, dryers and modern storage facilities which would ensure that grains are processed and stored properly were unavailable. Inability to effectively stop insect damage to stored grains makes over 80% of the farmers to apply unapproved chemicals such as DD—Force (Dichlorvos as active ingredient) on harvested crops despite the threat to human health. Moreover, about 60% of the farmers surveyed were unaware of aflatoxin related issues. An obv; ,us g p in information dissemination to farmers in hard-to-reach locations must be eradicated if sub-Saharan Africa will achieve food securityItem Evaluation of market-level storage structures and postharvest losses of selected fruits and vegetables: A case study of five markets in Ibadan(Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2021) Omobowale M.O.. Although several measures have been adopted to enhance food storage in sub-Saharan Africa, postharvest losses continue to increase. Addressing the negative *re. , re quires up-to-date information on current practices by agroallied personnel involved in the postharvest handling oi perishables to proffer effective solutions. This study explored the level of postharvest losses in fruits and vegetables in five markets in Ibadan, Nigeria. The proportionate sampling technique was employed to collect data from 235 ellers in the markets using a questionnaire. The percentage of grade loss in the supply chain was classified as bruises, mold, and rot. It was revealed that the quality of about 89.2% of the fruits and vegetables degrade during and au'r transportation. Storage conditions which include keeping the produce on a wooden platform, on the bare floor in stalls, and storage in non-ventilated enclosed rooms remain crude and this also contributes to losses incurred. Imr-ov^ment and maintenance of road infrastructures, the establishment of improved storage facilities and the introduction of modern storage technologies would be recommended for reducing postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables i. mai. ets of Ibadan.Item Performance evaluation of termite-mound clay, concrete and steel silos for the storage of maize grains in the humid tropics(Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, 2016) Omobowale M.O.