FACULTY OF PUBLIC HEALTH
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Item Contraceptive use among Nigerian women with no fertility intention: interaction amid potential causative factors(Union for African Population Studies, 2013-10) Adebowale, S. A.; Adeoye, I. A; Palamuleni, M. E.High fertility (HF) remains a public health problem and the intention to reduce fertility is a global phenomenon. The health hazards and economic burden of HF on women are enormous. Contraception is widely known as a fertility reduction method. Achieving desirable MDGs and PoA of 1994ICPD will be an illusion if research on the relationship between fertility intention and contraceptive use is neglected. The study which focused on 2,257 women of childbearing age who do not have any intention to bear more children utilized the Nigeria Demographic Health Survey, 2008 dataset. Data was analysed using Chi-square, binary and multinomial logistic regression (=5.0%). The mean ages of the women and children ever born were 40.91±5.73 years and 6.28±2.62 respectively. The prevalence of Current Use of Any Contraceptive Method (CUACM) was 37.6%, with 12.4% and 25.2% currently using natural and modern family planning methods respectively. About 7.0% of women in the poorest wealth quintile are CUACM compared to 61.8% of those in the richest wealth quintile. The current use of modern contraceptive prevalence rate was strikingly higher among Yorubas (41.8%) than Hausas (3.6%). Multivariate analysis identified age, region, residence, education, ethnicity and family planning media exposure as significant predictors of CUACM. In addition, religion and decisions on how to spend family income were identified as predictors of current use of modern contraceptive methods (p<0.05). The use of contraceptives is not adequately practised in Nigeria. The identified predictors of contraceptive use in this study should be considered while designing strategies to improve the contraceptive prevalence rate in Nigeria.Item Re-analysis of Nigerian 2006 census age distribution using growth rate and mortality level(Population Association of Southern Africa, 2014) Adebowale, S. A.; Fagbamigbe, F. A.; Bamgboye, E. A.The usefulness of human population age structure in public health research is enormous, but age misreporting and an incomplete Vital Registration System (VRS) in Nigeria constitute a serious challenge. Age misreporting affects the true estimate of basic demographic parameters which are part of yardsticks for measuring the growth, development and well-being of a nation, thus the need to refine the age structure in Nigeria is important. This study was conceived with the view to refining the 2006 census age distribution using growth rate and mortality level. The Logit transformation system and Coale-Demeny life-table were used for data analyses. This study revealed that there was a gross age misstatement across all age categories, but age errors were more pronounced among females than males. The pattern of either under-reporting or over reporting of ages was similar for both sexes. Also, there was tendency to under-report ages 0 to 19 years and above 55 years, whereas gross over-reporting of age was observed in ages between 20 and 55 years. Good VRS and showing certificate of birth as evidence of age during census enumeration will reduce the errors in age reporting in future censuses in Nigeria.Item Survival analysis of timing of first marriage among women of reproductive age in Nigeria: Regional differences(Women's Health and Action Research Centre, 2012) Adebowale, S. A.; Fagbamigbe, F. A.; Okareh, T. O.; Lawa, G. O.Early marriage is common among women in developing countries. Age at first marriage (AFM) has health implication on women and their under-five children. In Nigeria, few studies have explored AFM; the current study was designed to fill the gap. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, 2008 dataset on married women aged 15-49(N=24,986) was used. Chi-square, OLS regression and Cox proportional hazard models were used in the analysis. The mean AFM was 17.8±4.8 years and significant difference existed between the mean AFM of women in the North (16.0±3.6) and South (20.4±5.0) (p<0.001). Region, education, religion, residence, nutritional status, age at first sexual intercourse and children ever born were significantly associated with timing of first marriage (p<0.001). Majority of the women married between ages 15-19 years (43.1%), while very few married late (2.3%) and about 27.0% married too early (less than 15years). Early marriage was more common in all the regions in the North than the South and the hazard was highest in the North West and North East. Women who reside in rural area (H.R=1.15; C.I=1.111.18) married early than their counterparts in the urban area. Age at first marriage was directly related to levels of education (p<0.001). Muslim women married early (H.R=1.34; C.I=1.29 1.39) than Christians. Three models were generated from the data. Women married too early in Nigeria with Teenage marriage more common in the North than the South. Education has influence on AFM; therefore, women should have at least secondary education before marriage in Nigeria.Item Contraceptive use: implication for completed fertility, parity progression and maternal nutritional status in Nigeria(Women's Health and Action Research Centre, 2011) Adebowale, S. A.; Fagbamigbe, F. A.; Bamgboye, E. A.The study identified socio-demographic factors influencing contraceptive use while using nutritional status, completed fertility and parity progression as key variables. NDHS, 2008 dataset on married women aged 45-49 was used. Chi-square, ordinary linear and logistic regression models were used for the analysis. The mean age of the women and CEB were 46.8±1.5 years and 6.9±3.1 respectively. About 26.0% of the women ever used contraception, while 9.0% of the women were underweight. Parity progression from parity 0 to 4 was consistently higher among never-users than women who ever used contraception. The tempo changes for all parities above four as ever-users now progress at lower rate during these periods. The completed fertility and the risk of undernourishment were significantly higher among never users of contraception than ever users. The level of risk persists even when the potential confounding variables were used as control