DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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Item Impact of technology (engineering) on business operations in Nigeria (1960-1998)(2000) Odesola, I. F.Despite the low-level of Technological inputs and assimilation in Nigeria in general, Business operations have benefited considerably from Technology. Technology input have been in form of vastly improved communications, power availability, distribution, new tools of machinery for production, and health facilities. In this paper, the situation of Transportation and Food industries are focused on in respect of great changes that have taken place therein. Suggestion on the practical way of having greater progress are listed to serve as guides for policy makers in the country.Item Determining the optimum shape and orientation of a greenhouse on the basis of total radiation(2011) Odesola, I. F.; Ezekwem, C.Greenhouse is a feasible option for sustainable crop production in the regions of adverse climatic conditions. For a successful greenhouse design, the selection of shape and orientation is of paramount importance. In this study, three most commonly used single span shapes of greenhouses namely even-span, uneven-span and vinery type have been selected for comparison. The length, width and height (at the center) are kept same for all the selected shapes. The relevance of this paper was to develop a thermal model using MATLAB program for computing transmitted total solar radiation (beam, diffused and ground reflected) at each hour, for each month and at any latitude for the selected geometry greenhouses (through each wall, inclined surfaces and roofs) for both east-west and north-south orientation. The computed transmitted solar radiation is then introduced into another thermal model that is developed using MATLAB program to compute hourly inside air temperature for each shape and orientation. Statistical validation is carried out for the former model using solar radiation data for horizontal surface at (28°35'N and 77° 12'E),New Delhi, India and (19° 07'N and 72°51'E),Mumbai, India. At 19°N latitude, uneven-span shape greenhouse receives 10% more yearly average solar radiation as compared to even-span shape greenhouse whereas vinery shape to receives 12%less yearly average solar radiation as compared to even-span shape. Similarly, at 28°N latitude, unevenspan shape to receives 8% more average radiation as compared to even-span shape whereas vinery shape receives 10% less yearly average solar radiation as compared to even-span shape. Results above show that east-west orientation of uneven-span solar greenhouse is the best suited during each month for both analyzed latitudes. The developed model is very simple and has provided understanding to climate control process inside the greenhouse.Item Design and construction of a plastic melting pot for low density polyethylene (LDPE)(1999) Odesola, I. F.; Bomide, A. K.In this project a melting pot was designed and constructed using available local materials. This pot was used to melt plastic resin without the resin-changing colour (turning brown). The project was divided into two parts: the design and construction aspect and the control aspect. A good temperature control was incorporated to achieve high quality output. The construction was carried out using galvanized mild steel. In this project a melting pot was designed and constructed using available local materials. This pot was used to melt plastic resin without the resin-changing colour (turning brown). The project was divided into two parts: the design and construction aspect and the control aspect. A good temperature control was incorporated to achieve high quality output. The construction was carried out using galvanized mild steel. It consists of a cylindrical enclosure that is divided into two chambers: the upper and larger one house the melting unit, the lower chamber houses sensing element of the temperature control equipment. The instrument used for the temperature control is a thermostat which has a temperature range of 0-200°. The dimension of the material used for the fabrication was based on the least thermal difference so that equilibrium can be achieved in a short time .Tests carried out after the construction of the prototype confirmed the relevancy of the project. The pot melted the plastic resin and flowed without change of colour.Item Activated carbon from agricultural waste: process description and economic analysis(2009) Oiogun, O. O.; Oyekeye, O. M.; Odesola, I. F.Adsorption refrigeration technology has been intensively investigated in many countries of the world because of its promising potential for competing with conventional vapour compression refrigeration, its relatively low operating cost and its environmental friendliness. The search for a good adsorbent for solar powered refrigeration technology has led to various attempts to manufacture activated carbon of high adsorptive property. In this study coconut shells plus 10% animal bones, agricultural wastes, were used as basic raw materials for the local production of activated carbons. The properties determined were the particle size diameter, iodine no, hardness no, bulk density, and tamped density of the activated carbon samples. The results for the coconut shells only of mesh size 14 and maximum particle size of 2.36mm are: iodine no, 906.68mg/g, hardness no, 1, bulk density, 0.504g/ml, tamped density, 0.562g/ml and ash content, 0.012%; while that of the coconut shells with 10% bones of mesh size 14 and maximum particle size of 2.36mm are: iodine no, 870.51mg/g, hardness no, 1, bulk density, 0.585g/ml, tamped density, 0.604g/ml and ash content, 0.06%. In comparison with the imported activated carbons these can be classified as medium grade carbons, This work has established the fact that activated carbons, the principal component for solar powered refrigeration technology can be locally sourced without compromising standards.Item Thermodynamic analysis and simulation of combined adsorption heating and cooling system(2012-06) Odesola, I. F.; Oluleye, M. A.This paper presents the description and thermodynamic analysis of a new hybrid system of solarpowered water heater and adsorption ice maker. Mathematical models were generated based on heat transfer in the collector, heat and mass transfer within the adsorbent-adsorbate pair and the thermodynamics of the adsorption process. The numerical models developed from finite difference transformation of the resulting equations were developed into a MATLAB computer code for easy implementation on a personal computer. The results reveal the ability of the hybrid system to heat 50kg water to about 96°C as well as produce ice at 7.2kg per day with a 2m2 evacuated vacuum-tube- type solar collector, with a coefficient of performance of 0.62. The system is capable of reaching a specific refrigeration density of 0.48kg ice per kg-adsorbent per day. Details on the effect of condensation, evaporation and adsorption temperature on the system coefficient of performance are also reported.Item A survey on the energy consumption and demand in a school(Inderscience Publishers, 2010) Odesola, I. F.Efforts to reduce energy consumption in domestic buildings and commercial areas have been intensified recently in view of the limiting of the growing demand for electricity and the efforts to reduce CO2 Investigations into energy reduction strategies have been extensive with active and rigorous researches carried out successfully in many countries of the world. A walk-through energy audit was conducted in the School to determine the peak energy demand of the entire School as well as flagged areas for possible energy savings. For the purpose of this study, the School is broken down into about thirty four offices. This paper presents a walk-through energy audit of a School located in Ibadan, Nigeria. A total of about 40.4 kWh of electrical energy per day is required by the School for running all the electrical and mechanical appliances. To reduce the strain on the school's electrical supply systems and hence prevent system outages, the following peak demand reducing strategies have been recommended: Load reducing strategies, High efficiency equipment, Efficient lighting, Efficient air conditioning, Efficient refrigeration, Energy source substitution and on-site heat and electricity generation. It was recommended that this energy audit manual should be used as guide anytime any energy consuming machine is to be installed in the School.Item Simulation and optimisation of a solar-powered adsorption refrigeration module(Indian Centre For Advanced Scientific And Technological Research, 2010) Odesola, I. F.Adsorption refrigeration technology has been intensively investigated in many countries of the world because of its potential for competing with conventional vapour compression refrigeration and its environmental friendliness. A solar-powered adsorption refrigerator using activated carbon/methanol pair was designed and fabricated. A mathematical model was developed based on the thermodynamics of the adsorption process, heat and mass transfer equations of the collector/generator/absorber components and simplified idealization of the condenser and evaporator components. The partial differential equations generated from the analysis were transformed into explicit finite difference forms for numerical solution. The model was used to compute the collector plate, bond and adsorbent temperatures, and the COP. The model was validated by using data from experiments performed on a solar powered activated carbon/methanol refrigerator and from published works. The predicted peak plate, tube and adsorbent temperatures were 102, 88 and 86°C respectively which compared favourably with 109 peak plate, 95 tube, and 85°C adsorbent temperatures from published works. The COP of the modelled refrigerator using imported activated carbon ranged from 0.0340 to 0.0345 compared to 0.0300 to 0.0550 recorded in the literature while the COP achieved from the experimental rig using locally manufactured activated carbon ranged from 0.0163 to 0.0200. Reducing the tube thickness from 5mm to 1.5mm led to a gain of 80.0% in COP. The adsorbent parking density of 550 kg/m3 gave an optimum COP, while a decrease of plate thickness from 1.5mm to 1.0mm increased the COP from 0.0338 to 0.0352.Item A review of porous evaporative cooling for the preservation of fruits and vegetables.(2009-11) Odesola, I. F.; Onyebuchi, O.The review of a porous evaporative cooler for the preservation of fruits and vegetables are reported in this paper. The different types of evaporative cooler designs under review include: pot-in-pot, cabinet, static, and charcoal cooling chambers. The gap between them is either filled with a jute, damp cloth, or sand. Water is linked to the cooler at the top, thus keeping the chamber cooled. The result of transient performance of the cooler revealed a depression in temperature in the storage chamber. Thus, the evaporative cooler has prospect for use for short term preservation of vegetables and fruits soon after harvest.Item Rehabilitation of pumps: case study of universal pump set(2003-04) Odesola, I. F.; Ehinmowo, A. A.Laboratory equipment is meant to impart some modules of knowledge unto students of engineering and applied sciences. In other words they are to bridge the gap between theory in the classroom and practical on the field. When there is no sufficient fund to keep this equipment in good condition other avenues must be looked into to avert the dangers of training Engineers and Technicians without the necessary exposure to Laboratory practicals. Equipment worth millions of Naira are lying waste in many institutions of higher learning because nobody cared to take the bull by the horns. The purpose of this project is to rehabilitate laboratory equipment that had been abandoned for many years due to malfunctioning of one or two components. The approach adopted here was to find out the root cause of the problem and proffered a solution. This was done in the case of Universal Water Pump Set located in the fluid laboratory of Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. The rig was tested after the repair and maintenance exercises were carried out. The results of performance characteristics carried out on the equipment confirmed that it has been brought back to life. Two laboratory exercises were prepared for each pump to be used by the students as from the next session. The total cost of rehabilitation excluding labour was N1700.00.Item Performance evaluation of a gas (butane) fired oven(2001-11) Odesola, I. F.; Akinlade, D. O.; Fayemi, B. O.A gas-fired oven for commercial production of bread was designed and constructed using locally available material and was subjected to various tests to come out with its performance characteristics. Its performance was evaluated arid then compared with respect to the total time required to bake a specified mass of white flour dough using the gas oven with that used by clay wood fired oven for the same mass of white flour dough. The outcome of the test result indicated that the maximum temperature attained by the oven was 400°C with the gas control valves at close to the maximum point (without load). This temperature was attained seven minutes after firing the oven. The clay wood fired oven tested attained a peak temperature of 280°C one hour after it was fired. White flour dough of mass 0.2kg was baked in the gas fired oven in thirty nine minutes (first load), this corresponds to the total baking time. The same unit mass of dough was baked in the wood fired oven in a total baking time of eight-five minutes. A test carried out on the insulating machine, sawdust, showed that it minimized the heat loss from the oven by maintaining a high temperature gradient between the inside wall and the outer wall of the oven. The preliminary economic analysis of the cost of production of the oven and the cost of fuel showed that is cost effective and viable.
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