FACULTY OF EDUCATION
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Item Assessment of ecological predictors of moral decadence in Oyo State, Nigeria(Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, 2022-06) Fehintola, J. O.; Adeyemi, A. O.This study determined the factors responsible for moral decadence hope that such findings will pave the way to remedy that will help in finding solutions to the challenges facing the adolescents in our society. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design of the ex-post-facto type among the characteristics of the adolescents and young children in Oyo State, Nigeria with the ex-post-facto type. The population of the study cut across the age categories of adults from age 30 and above. Stratified random sampling was used to get the samples for the study. The population involved were male and female and of different ethnic groups with 250 Yoruba, 167 Hausa and 83 Igbo. A self-administered method of data collection was used with a reliable and valid instrument. The instrument was divided into six sections. The first category measured the demographic information of the respondents, while sections B to F measured the government, society, school, religious organisations, the parents and the children themselves a contribution to the adolescents and youths moral decadence in the State. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.87. The instrument response format patterned after the Likert format, ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The findings showed that the government, society, parents, school and religious organisations have lost the expected roles on morality. Parenting style, unwillingness to take to correction by the children, get-rich-quick syndrome, parents looking for money at the detriment of taking care of the children, possession of the sophisticated phone, exposure to bad films, the use of hard drugs, broken home; age at marriage, not having good role model, unemployment and so on, and many others are the reasons why the society has experience incivility in the towns and cities. The researcher concluded that the problems with children are caused by the government, schools and religious organisations, society, parents and the children themselves. Recommendations were made that urgent attention should be taken to impart good behaviour in to the life of our adolescents, that schools and religious organisations should do the needful by teaching the fear of God that will make them be good children in the society.Item Self-esteem, social competence, personality and glossophobia among Nigerian undergraduates(Department of Special Education, University of Ibadan, 2021-07) Adeyemi, A. O.Expression of self in the public is relevant to human relationship, social connect and help seeking and survival. However, glossophobia holds a confederation of complex issues, particularly social and health ones. It is capable of averting loneliness, anger, psychological withdrawal, aggression, emotional maladjustment, anomie and suicide ideation. This propelled investigation on the psycho-social factors as tools for glossophobia among Nigeria undergraduates in Oyo State, Nigeria. Descriptive design of the correlational type was employed. A sample of 300 undergraduate students was randomly selected from three universities. Four reliable measuring scales (Speaking Anxiety; a = 0.88, Personality scale; a — 0.82, Self-esteem; a = 0.84, and Social competence; a. — 0.79) were used for data collection. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyse the data at 0.05 level of significance. It was discovered that glossophobia negatively correlated with selfesteem (r- -0.309, p<0.05), social competence (r= -0.402) and personality (r= -0.202). Multiple regression analysis revealed that there was a significant joint contribution of self-esteem, social competence and personality to glossophobia. The most potent predictors of glossophobia were social competence (Beta = -.243, t = -4.817), and self-esteem (Beta = - .211, t = -3.877). Personality (Beta = -.036, t = -.667) was not a potent predictor of glossophobia. This implies that self-esteem, social competence and personality will reduce glossophobia by 18.9%, 24.4% and 42%o, respectively. University managements should include diagnoses of undergraduates' glossophobia status as part of registration procedure to identify candidate who need urgent psychotherapeutic intervention. Undergraduate students should be helped in improving their self esteem so as to boost their self-worth when faced with need to speak or connect with other people. Since students cannot live in isolation in their effort to meet academic demands, lecturers should help them build social competence through giving group assignments.Item Assessment of the virtual learning approach on academic outcome among underachievers: implication for post-COVID-19 adjustment(2020-06) Adeyemi, A. O.The unanticipated impediment to the teaching-learning process amid poor academic returns in the Nigerian educational system due to the emergence of COVID-19 is worrisome. Juggling prevention for survival and knowledge enhancement for increased performance becomes a difficult decision to make in the face of high mortality reports across developed and developing countries. This created an impetus to investigate perceived effectiveness of the virtual learning approach on academic outcome among underachieving students in Ibadan, having gender as a moderator. Descriptive research design was adopted in this study with randomly sampled 150 underachieving students (male = 70, female= 80) from private secondary schools in Ibadan. Data were collected through academic outcome test (Rr = 0.871) with three hypotheses raised and tested at 0.05 level of significance using independent sample t-test. The result showed that there was a significant difference in the academic outcome of students who experienced virtual learning approach and those exposed to the traditional approach; t (148)= 2.170, p <0.05, η2 = 0.031. The students exposed to virtual learning (mean= 56.24) had higher academic outcome than those exposed to the traditional learning approach (mean= 45.71). There was a significant difference in the academic outcome of male and female exposed to virtual learning; t (73) = 2.418, p <0.05, η2= 0.029. The male (mean= 22.41) students exposed to virtual learning had higher academic score than their female (mean= 20.72) counter-parts. There was no significant difference in the academic outcome of male and female students who did not experience virtual learning during the COVID-19 lockdown. Among others it was recommended that, in order to curtail an unexpected pandemic that can affect learning, virtual class should be encouraged as a regular school approach to teaching students. Furthermore, provision should be made for updating and upgrading teachers on how to instruct and engage all students through virtual learning tools.Item A comparative analysis of age, social media and mental health: a curse or a blessing(Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, 2020-07) Adeyemi, A. O.; Ajayi, V.In recent time, plethora of events has shown mental health cases among undergraduates. Some of these include suicide Intention, anxiety, depression, and sleeplessness. The mental health of undergraduates calls for concern which requires an investigative consideration of personal-social factors underpinning variance in mental health status. That is, a comparative analysis of age, social media exposure and mental health: A curse or blessing. This study adopted casual comparative design. A sample of 250 undergraduate students was randomly selected from the University of Ibadan. Two reliable measuring scales (Social media exposure; a = 0.77, Mental health; a = 0.72) were used for collection. T-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) used to analyse the data. The study discovered a significant difference in the mental health of undergraduates based on social media exposure (t(248)= 13.21, p<0.05, partial ɳ1 = 0.08). Participants with high social media exposure (ẋ- 48.3) had lower mental health than those with lower social media exposure (ẋ= 35.2). A significant difference in the mental health of undergraduates based on age; 44.43, p<0.05, partial ɳ2 = 0.35). It was further discovered that participants within the ages of 21 and 24 years (ẋ= 34.4) had higher mental health than those within the ages of 16 and 20 years (ẋ= 29.5). By implication, older undergraduates hove better mental health than the younger ones. Based on findings, it was recommended that university managements should adjust their policy for admission arriving at the exposure of psychological instrument that can determine the intelligent level of the candidates to know their mental age and determine eligibility for admission; in order to ascertain that the candidate is mature enough to handle academic pressure. Counselling psychology unit of the department are expected to champion this mental health screening and remediation within the university system. Also, undergraduate students are enjoined not to be committed to online friends so as to reduce negative feedbacks that come from online relationships.Item Adolescents’ premarital sexual behaviour: the roles of peer pressure, socio-economic status and parent-child relationship(2019-01) Adeyemi, A. O.In recent times, there are records of prevalence of mortality among adolescents owing to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unwanted pregnancy, abortion, induced pregnancy and related issues. This disastrous situation is traceable to adolescents' engagement in premarital sexual behaviour. This motivated an examination of peer pressure, socio-economic status, and parent-child relationship as correlates of adolescents’ premarital sexual behaviour. The study adopted descriptive survey design of the ex-post facto type. Three hundred adolescents were randomly sampled from secondary schools in Ibadan South-East Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. Data were collected using reliable instruments (Premarital Sexual Behaviour Scale a-0.87; Parental-Child Relationship Scale a =0.77; Socio-economic Status Scale a =0.73; Peer Influence Scale a = 0.75). Three research questions were raised and answered at 0.05 level of significance using Pearson's Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis. The study discovered that peer pressure (r = .883, P<0.01), parental socio-economic status (r = -.203, P<0.01) and parent-child relationship (r = -.536, P<0.01) significantly correlated with adolescents' premarital sexual behaviour. Among others, it was recommended that parents should build a healthy relationship with adolescents so as to be able to monitor and guide them against premarital sexual behaviour while school administrators and policy makers should intensify the teaching of sex education in secondary schools in order to acquaint adolescents with the dangers inherent in premarital sexual behaviourItem Conscientiousness, self-efficacy, social support and health information-seeking behaviour of senior secondary school adolescents in Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State(2018) Adeyemi, A. O.In recent tunes, it has been observed that poor knowledge on health state and status has led to high morbidity and mortality. There is prevalence in poor health-information knowledge, ignorance, increased STIS, HIV/AID, risky health behaviour, abortion and the like. The danger posed by poor health knowledge motivated an investigation of the health information-seeking behaviour of adolescents using conscientiousness, self-efficacy and social support as predictors. The study adopted a correlational study with a sample of 200 adolescents randomly sampled from Ibadan North local Government Area of Oyo State. Four reliable measuring instruments were used to collect data. Three research questions raised analysed were using Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. The result showed that conscientiousness, self-efficacy and social support positively correlated with health information-seeking behaviour. The regression analysis showed that the three factors jointly accounted/or 42.2% of the total variance in adolescent information-seeking behaviour. Social support was found to be the strongest predictor followed by self-efficacy and conscientiousness. Among others recommendations, parents, teachers and significant individuals are enjoined to help students out with their demand to know much about their health status. School counsellors are admonished to help students to build their self-efficacy to help them to he bald enough to seek for health information. The government should also employ school counselors who will assist students to build their personality (conscientiousness) to enhance self-control on their health issues. This might go a long u-«v in reducing self-prescription and misuse of drugItem Predisposing factors towards risk-taking behaviours among in-school adolescents in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria(Department of Social Work, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2016-06) Adeyemi, A. O.; Komolafe, T. O.The percentage rate of violence and societal menace rampant in the society today has been recorded to be a by-product of adolescent risk related behaviours. This created an interest in the investigation of predisposing factors towards risk-taking behaviours among in-school adolescents in Ibadan metropolis. The study adopted a correlational research design with a randomly sampled 300 male and female in-school adolescents. Data were collected, using questionnaire measuring family dynamics (Inventory of parent and peer attachment (α=0.78), self-esteem (Rosenburg self-esteem scale (a=0.76), school connectedness (Youth transition survey (α=0.77) and risk-taking behaviour (Youth at-risk and general stability survey (α=0.82). Three research questions were raised and answered. The data were analysed using Pearson's Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression at 0.05 level of significance. Result revealed a positive correlation between risk-taking behaviour and self-esteem and negative correlation with family dynamics and school connectedness. High family dynamics and school connectedness will reduce the likelihood of students engaging in risk-taking behaviours. The result also showed that three predictor variables (family dynamics, self-esteem and school connectedness) are potent predictors of risk-taking behaviour F (3,396) = 6.875, R' 85, =P<0.001). The most potent factor was family dynamics, followed by school connectedness and self-esteem. Counseling intervention, such as self-monitoring, peer pressure management, self-regulation, values clarification, and thought-stopping, could help adolescents to withstand the likely effects of low family dynamics, school connectedness and high self-esteem all of which are implicated in this study. Finally, in-school adolescents from a positive family background and a high connection to school may not likely engage in risk-taking behaviours as a result of positive attitude they imbibe both from home and school. School programmes and counselling activities should be channeled towards building students' interest in schooling. Parents are also enjoined to provide social support to the adolescents by showing love, warmth, care and affection.Item Ibadan adolescent rebelliousness: attendant effects of self-esteem, gender, age, family type, peer influence and socioeconomic status(2016-05) Adeyemi, A. O.; Oluwole, D. A.This study examined the psychosocial predictors of rebelliousness among school age adolescents in the Ibadan. Specifically, age, gender, family type, peer influence, socio economic status, and self-esteem formed the psychosocial predictors used in this study. Three research questions were raised and answered in the study; whereas the decisions on the questions were taken, at 0.05 level of significance. The research design used is descriptive survey of ex post-facto type. 421 in-school adolescents were randomly selected from five public secondary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State. The instruments used for this study were distributed to participants. Multiple regression statistics was employed to analyze the data collected from the participants. The results of the analysis indicated that all the independent variables jointly have 16% variance of rebelliousness of adolescents. Family type, socio-economic status, and self-esteem have significant contribution, whereas age and gender do not contribute significantly to rebelliousness of adolescents. In addition, only peer influence (r=.156) have significant relationship with adolescent rebelliousness at 0.05 level of significance. It was recommended that parents should be equipped with adequate parenting skills, whereas peer counselling should be organized for adolescents, as such will provide appropriate ways to respond to significant others that will devoid of rebelliousness.Item Psycho-social predictors of academic underachievement among senior secondary schools students in Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State(2016-06) Adeyemi, A. O.The study examined psycho-social variables as predictors of academic underachievement among senior secondary schools in Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey design of the ex-post facto type. A total of 288 senior secondary school students were randomly selected across Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State. A reliable instrument was used with coefficient alpha above 0.7. Three research questions were drawn and tested with Pearson’s product correlation and multiple regression. The result showed that there was a significant relationship between self-esteem, self-efficacy, large class size, study habit, socio-economic status and academic underachievement. The most potent predictor of academic underachievement was test anxiety. Followed by study habit, socio-economic status, self-efficacy and self-esteem. But large class-size was not a potent predictor of students' academic underachievement. This implies that there is high likelihood that student academic underachievement is an evidence of increased self-efficacy, self-esteem, test anxiety, socio-economic status, study habit; while increased socio-economic status will reduce the tendency of students' academic underachievement. Among others it was recommended that school counsellors should organize academic performance- boosting programmes. They should also develop one- on- one relationship with students in the school so as to help students develop high self-worth and good study habit, which can go alleviate anxiety and improve academic achievementItem Inter-parental conflict, parent-child relationship on emotional security of school-going adolescents in Ibadan South-West Local Government Area, Ibadan, Oyo State(Faculty of Education, Kampala International University, Tanzania, 2016-12) Adeyemi, A. O.The rate of loneliness, anxiety, depression, emotional distress, distrust in relationships among adolescents and their implications for student',' academic performance, relationship with teachers and peers, personality, choice of career, emotional development and preparation for life have been traced to variations in adolescents' emotional security. The foregoing has inspired investigation into inter-parental conflict and parent-child relationship as determinants of emotional security of school-going adolescents in Ibadan South-West Local Government Area of Oyo State. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design of the ex-post facto type, with a sample of 248 adolescents (between the ages of 13 and 19 years) randomly selected from junior secondary schools in Oyo State. Three measuring scales (Inter-parental conflict scale; r = 0.78, Parent-child relationship scale; r = 0.73 Emotional security scale = 0.76) were used in collecting data. Pearson's product moment correlation and multiple linear regression were used in testing three research questions at 0.05 level of significance. The result indicated that inter-parental conflict (r = -.821, P<0.01) and parent-child relationship (r =.885, P<0.01) significantly correlated with adolescents' emotional security. The regression analysis confirmed that the independent variables jointly accounted for 81.6% variance in the prediction of adolescents' emotional security. Parent-child relationship (Beta = .636, t= 14.883, P<0.01) was found to be the strongest predictor of adolescents' emotional security, followed by inter-parental conflict (Beta = .636, t= 14.883, P<0.01). By implication, reduction in inter-parental conflict will improve adolescents' emotional security, while a unit change in parent-child relationship will increase the likelihood for an improved adolescents' emotional security. It was recommended that parents should not discuss their grievances or exchange words in the presence of their children because of its effects on their emotional development. They were also enjoined not to transfer aggression to their children. School counsellors were enjoined to help adolescents develop emotional regulatory ski/Is to adjust unpleasant situations or events in life.
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