FACULTY OF EDUCATION

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Strengthening health education component of health care delivery system for the achievement of health for all Nigerians
(2015) Odelola, J. O.
Globally, a vast number of people are dying of preventable and curable diseases. In developing countries, levels of morbidity and mortality remain high as a result of malnutrition, infections and multiple pregnancies against the background of generally poor health knowledge. In May 1977, the 30th World Health Assembly met in Alma-Ata USSR and deliberated on the health problems of the world, especially that of developing countries where the focus of health system was on curative than preventive. It was resolved that, the main social target by the end of 20th century should be "Health for All" by the year 2000, using Primary Health Care approach for its achievement. The Alma-Ata conference directed governments of all nations to formulate national policies to sustain Primary Health Care as part of National Health System. Therefore, Nigerian Government committed huge human and material resources to the achievement of Health For All [HFA] but today not all Nigerians can be said to be healthy. Therefore, certain constraints that are responsible for the failure to achieve Health For All must be realistically tackled in an effort to improve the country’s Health System for the achievement of the set goal. This paper examined health status of Nigerian population, health care delivery system, measures for strengthening health education and strategics for effective delivery of health education. It was recommended that, preventive measure aspect of the nation’s health system in which health education will feature prominently should be emphasised.
Healthful school environment as determinant of junior secondary school students’ hygiene behaviour in Afijio Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria
(International Centre for Professional Advancement, UK, 2015-01) Odelola, J. O.
The study investigated healthful school environment as determinant of Junior Secondary School students' hygiene behaviour. The descriptive survey research design was employed in the study. A sample of 487 respondents were selected using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used was self developed questionnaire with reliability co-efficient of 0.61. The data was analysed with the use of percentage and inferential statistics of multiple regression at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that, joint effect of variables of healthful school environment of (safe drinking water, hand and body washing equipment and facilities, toilet facilities, sanitary equipment and environmental aesthetic) on students ‘ hygiene behaviour was significant; F(5,481)=65.915;R= 638; R2 =.407. Adj. R2 = .400; P<05. The paper concluded that, positive hygiene behaviour was a step towards achieving good health and could be fostered in students by the provision of healthful school environment. It was recommended that, government at all levels should make human and material resources available in schools to facilitate the implementation of healthful school environmental programme.
Occupational exposure to noise and patterns of hearing threshold among factory workers in Ibadan Nigeria
(ORIC Publications, 2014) Osisanya, A.; Oyewumi, A.; Sunmonu, M.
This study examined occupational exposure to noise and patterns of hearing loss among industrial workers in Ibadan, Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design; sampling 100 participants comprising of industrial workers and sawmillers, who were assessed by means of Pure Tone Audiometry, the sound level of the factories were measured with sound level meter. Frequency count, percentage, mean, standard deviation and pearson product moment correlation were employed to answer the four research questions raised. The sound assessment revealed that the sound level in the industrial plant is higher than that of the sawmill, .and the notched pattern of hearing threshold predominated the hearing among the respondents on the left and right ears. There was positive significant relationship between age, work experience and bilateral hearing loss. Based on these findings, it was recommended that the altering of design and technology of mechanical equipments resulting in low noise emission should be put in place in factories, and that receptors of sound should be protected adequately from industrial noise.
Socio–Economic Factors and Health Status as Determinants of Public Service Retirees’ Life–Satisfaction in the South–West, Nigeria
(2015) Omotayo, O. T.
Public service retirees in South-West Nigeria face quite a number of challenges which affect their life satisfaction and overall well being; most often with resultant shortened life span few years after retirement. Previous studies have focused more on pension and other benefits as well as problems related with ageism without adequate consideration for the combined effects of socio-economic factors (accommodation, dependent children, family type, other dependents, community commitment and participation, family size, taste and fashion, pension, gratuity, additional source of income, post retirement employment) and health status on the public service retirees’ life satisfaction. This study, therefore, investigated the socio economic factors and the health status as determinants of life satisfaction among public service retirees in South-West, Nigeria. The survey design of ex-post facto was adopted. All the six states of the South-West, Nigeria which include Ekiti, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Osun and Oyo were enumerated. One thousand eight hundred members of the Nigerian Union of Pensioners who were disaggregated to three hundred participants in each of the state were randomly selected for the study. Dieners’ Satisfaction with Life scale (r=0.92); Leung and Earl’s Health Status scale (r=0.85), Social Factor Questionnaire with (seven sub segments) Accommodation (r=0.23); Dependent Children (r=0.20); Family type (r=0.15); Other Dependants (r=0.46); Community Commitment and Participation (r=0.28); Family size (r=0.27); Taste and Fashion (r=0.38) scales; and Economic Factor Questionnaire with (five sub segments) Pension (r=0.16); Gratuity (r=0.48); Additional source of Income (r=0.32);Post Retirement Employment (r=0.45); and Size and Level of Investment (r=0.39) scales were used for data collection. These were complemented with six sessions of focus group discussion with selected retirees; one session per state. Three research questions were answered and four hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment correlation, Analysis of Variance, multiple regression and content analysis. Participants were 1,111 males and 684 females with mean age of 60.3 years. Socio-economic factors jointly influenced public service retirees’ life satisfaction (F (13.1772) = 45.97). Family size (β=0.22), taste and fashion (β=0.20), pension (β=0.20), family type (β=0.16) gratuity (β=0.14), dependent children (β=0.11), community commitment and participation (β=0.99), accommodation (β=0.10), additional source of income (β=0.12), size and level of investment (β=0.63), had relative contributions to public service retirees life satisfaction, while post retirement employment and other dependants did not. There was no significant difference in the life satisfaction based on gender of public service retirees. However, there was a difference in life satisfaction based on marital status; in which married (x̄ = 16.02) and divorced (x̄ = 15.40) were more satisfied with life than widowed (x̄ = 15.07), (F (2, 1797) = 3.33).The features of life satisfaction among public service retirees are; good relationship with family members (70.0%), participation in community activities (68.0%) and membership of social clubs (60.0%). Socio-economic factors and health status have been found to positively influence public retirees’ life satisfaction. Therefore, retirement benefits should be paid promptly, while other essential needs of the retirees should be provided under a functional social security system.

FACULTY OF EDUCATION

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