INSTITUTE OF AFRICAN STUDIES
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Item THE 1999 CONSTITUTION AND THE MANAGEMENT OF INDIGENE-SETTLER CRISIS IN JOS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA(2014-07) BABATUNDE, E. O.In Nigeria, relevant sections of the 1999 Constitution prescribe ways to manage inter-group relationships and contentious issues among constituent parts within the realm. However, the constitution is not definitive in specifying statuses of indigenes and/or settlers, thereby opening those sections on ‘indigeneity’ to misrepresentation and abuse, occasioning communal crisis in Jos since 2001. Drawing heavily on sociological and political perspectives, extant literature on indigene-settler has focused on the causes and management of the Jos crisis neglecting the dysfunctional structural template embedded in the Constitution. This study, therefore, assessed the contradictory nature of the provisions of the 1999 Constitution regarding indigene-settler relationship, how it has exacerbated the crisis in Jos and the effectiveness of constitutional provisions in quelling the crisis. The study adopted Strauss and Corbin’s grounded approach and the qualitative research design. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Key informants interviews were conducted with seven members of the Constitution Review Committee drawn from the National Assembly, five members representing Plateau State at the National Assembly, four constitutional lawyers and12 leaders from the major ethnic group associations resident in Jos. Furthermore, two respondents drawn from Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) and two naturalised citizens resident in the city were also interviewed. Other primary sources include the 1999 Constitution and key judicial decisions. Secondary sources were newspapers and newsmagazines. Data obtained were content analysed. The gaps in, and contradictory nature of sections 14 (3), 25 (1), 45-46 and 147 (3) on the status of indigene-settler in the 1999 Constitution is the base of the myriads of crises plaguing Jos since 2001. Specifically, the provisions of sections 14 (3) and 147 (3) neither envisaged the gravity and complexity of the crisis elicited by a convoluted indigene-settler relationship in Jos nor the far-reaching implications for safeguarding citizenship and fundamental human rights in Nigeria. The cases of Festus Okoye & ors v. FGN & ors, (2004) and Anizaku & ors v. Nasarawa State Governor & ors (2010) failed to get judicial definition for indigeneship and deterred governments from using the indigene-settler dichotomy as basis for assessing socio-economic and political opportunities like education and employment. These stoked renewed crises in Jos in 2004 and 2010 respectively. Contradictory administrative, political and military responses further exacerbated the crisis. The inability of successive governments to implement the recommendations of the various judicial commissions of inquiry continues to fan discord between and amongst groups in the city. Interviews revealed that the deployment of these constitutional provisions such as the issuance of letter of indigeneship to certain categories of Jos residents aggravated the crisis. Interviewees also clamoured for amendment to Chapters 2, 3 and 4 of the 1999 Constitution in order to eradicate ambiguities, make relevant provisions justiciable, and enhance the overall quality of citizenship. The 1999 Constitution is inadequate for the effective management of indigene-settler crisis in Jos.It should, therefore,be amended to remedy the legal and constitutional limitations militating the search for a lasting solution to the vexed indigene-settler issue in Nigeria.Item The aberrant Esie head as model: an insight into the styles and origin of the Esie stone carvings(2000) Pogoson, O. I.lfe is incontrovertibly the most important Yoruba town in terms of art, religion and culture, it is therefore advantaged as a possible source place to solve the problem of the enigma surrounding the Esie stone carvings.This hypothesis is pursed to the conclusion that lfe is the most likely place that could have conditioned the Esie stone carving in their present location. An aberrant stone head, the largest among the over 800 stone carvings found in Esie is stylistically and culturally compared and linked with other Yoruba stone carvings from lfe and indeed a group of naturalistically carved stones also identified among the Esie corpus. This leads to conclusion of an lfe impetus for the creation of the Esie stone carvings.Item Item Academic (Im)mobility: ecology of ethnographic research and knowledge production on Africans in China(CODESRIA, 2020) Adebayo, K. O.Since the emergence of China in the geopolitical and economic spaces of Africa, academics have followed China and African people moving in both directions and conducted on-the-ground, cross-border ethnographies. However, academics are not equally mobile. This auto ethnography analyses the intersections of ethnography, mobility and knowledge production on ‘Africans in China’ through a critical exploration of the contextual issues shaping the unequal participation of Africa-based researchers in the study of Africa(n)s in a non-African setting. Based on experiences before, during and after migration to Guangzhou city, I demonstrate that ‘being there,’ fetishised as ideal-type anthropology, conceals privilege and racial and power dynamics that constrain the practice of cross-border ethnography in the global South.Item Adopting a pragmatic approach to the implementation of the music curriculum in colleges of education in Nigeria(Resource Centre for Arts, Culture and Communication Development, Ibadan, 2006) Samuel, K. M.Music, an important living art, features as a course of study more in colleges of education than any other tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Colleges of education are responsible for producing personnel who will teach at the primary and junior secondary school levels. However, there have been concerns from various quarters concerning the shortfalls of the music curriculum in these colleges especially with regard to its appropriateness within the local milieu. This study is an insider's appraisal of the music programme in these colleges, and it posits that the problem rests not so much with unsuitability of the music curriculum, but with its actual implementation. The problems associated with the implementation of the curriculum are discussed; these include inadequate staffing and funding as well as inadvertent misinterpretation of the content of the curriculum by some of the implementers. The paper identifies some practical ways whereby the state of musical arts education in the country could be improved and emphasizes the responsibilities of all stakeholders in ensuring that the music teachers of tomorrow could be better equipped to perform their expected roles.Item Advancing ethnomusicological research efforts on female musicianship: a focus on Yoruba female dùndún drummers(Department of Music, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 2014) Samuel, K. M.One major area where Professor Mosunmola A. Omibiyi-Obidike has made a substantial scholarly mark to African musicology is in the study of female musicians. However, more than two decades after expressing her concern about a lack of in-depth musicological studies into and documentation of the contributions of female musicians to the growth and development of African music, there has not been any significant response on the part of Nigerian musicologists to heed this call. This dearth of information has often been attributed to both a combination of the male dominated field of African Studies and the patriarchal structures of communities usually being studied in Africa. This paper, therefore, is a modest attempt to set the tone for a fresh direction as it examines efforts of female dundun drummers at promoting an egalitarian and positivist modern African society. The discourse is limited to Ara and Ayanbinrin - two contemporary urban popular female dundun practitioners based in Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria. The paper posits that apart from being entertainers and promoters of culture, the female dundun musicians, judging by the themes of their music and the overall messages of their art, are also social engineers, teachers and instructors, mobilizers as well as nation builders among others.Item Africa and the literature of unfreedom(2013) Olorunyomi, S.Item African folksongs as veritable resource materials for revitalizing music education in Nigerian schools(IISTE, 2013) Samuel, K. M.Some Yorùbá cultural values and expressions embedded in Egbeda-Egga women’s folksongs are the focus of this paper. With the use of in-depth interview and participant-observer methods, a collection, description and interpretation of some of the songs recorded during a field trip were undertaken. Analyses of the women’s repertoire reveal that immediate local environment are overlaid with folksongs which can serve as veritable resource materials useful for effective music teaching as well as tapping and honing learners’ artistic potentials to enhance and transform music performance in the classroom setting and beyond. The paper, therefore, submits that it is high time Nigeria embarked on school reforms and policies to make school music reflect the culture of the local communities.Item African indigenous knowledge system as a catalyst for enriching Nigeria's music education programme(Pan African Society for Musical Arts Education (PASMAE), WEST AFRICA SUB-REGION, 2017) Samuel, K. M.The uniqueness of African indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) and the benefits of integrating them into Africa’s music educational programme were some of the issues that occupied the front burner at the birth of the Pan African Society for Musical Arts Education (PASMAE). It represented one of the responses to the wake up call to Africa to look inward in search of truly African sensitive and African-oriented solutions to a myriad of her music educational challenges in the world that is changing with bewildering speed. This paper x-rays the contents of music programmes in Nigeria’s tertiary institutions with a view to identifying IKS elements contained in them. Using observation and a checklist of curriculum implementation of Nigeria’s leading music technology programme as methodology, the paper highlights challenges confronting implementers in realizing set objectives. Findings confirm that the abundant richness of Africa’s IKS is yet to be harnessed. The paper concludes by making specific recommendations on how various stakeholders, including the Department of Music Technology, the Polytechnic, Ibadan, can innovatively achieve the much-desired goal of standardization, fabrication, massive production and promotion of traditional musical instruments to facilitate practical teaching.Item African scholarship and visa challenges for Nigerian academics(2013) Akanle, O.; Yusuff, O. S.; Adebayo, Q. O.; Adegboyega, K.Twenty-first-century societies are driven by knowledge. But knowledge regimes in the world today are not balanced, which leads to dubious knowledge, poor recommendations, and vacuous conclusions in the areas of policy and practice. This is manifested in and closely related to the compromised academic mobility of African scholars, which has become topical and in need of attention across the global knowledge domains. African scholarship and scholars do not easily move across space and time to cross fertilize ideas and knowledge. African academic talents are thus at the margins of global scholarship and are poorly rated. Many find it difficult to participate in international academic activities due to difficulty in obtaining a visa to travel to the West, which is regarded as the locus of true knowledge production and dissemination. Unfortunately, primary research on dynamics, complexities, and contours of African academic mobility, particularly to the West, is scanty, fragmented, and largely anecdotal, which necessitates more robust and contemporary knowledge. This empirical article is set in Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country, and the country with the greatest number of universities on the continent. Primary data were collected through qualitative in-depth interviews (IDIs). Three prominent universities were selected for the study: University of Ibadan, Ahmadu Bello University, and Lagos State University. Sources of secondary data were unclassified official documents and scholarly publications.Item African studies and the African identity: an essay on the theory of culture(1994) Layiwola, D.Item African theatre in performance: a festschrift in honour of Martin Banham(Harwood Academic Publishers, 2000) Layiwola, D.Item Africans field research and the realm of value(John Archers (Publishers) Limited, 1999) Layiwola, D.Item Africans field research and the realm of value(John Archers (Publishers) Limited, 1999) Layiwola, D.Item Africans in China: Guangdong and beyond(Routledge, 2019) Adebayo, K. O.Item Afrobeat: Fela and the imagined continent(Institute Francais de Recherche en Afrique IFRA-Ibadan and Africa World Press, Inc., 2003) Olorunyomi, S.Item Another reconsideration of the origin of the tsoede bronzes(1998) Pogoson, O. I.Item Another township tonight(Olatunde Tejuoso, 2001) Olorunyomi, S.Item The archaeology of knowledge and the field of dramatic discourse(2008-12) Layiwola, D.I have taken my theme rather than my title from the philosophical discourses of Michel Foucault in his classic work. The Archaeology of Knowledge (1977). Foucault tries, rigorously and implacably, to contain the imperial study of this ancient and pre-historical field and discipline within the elastic limits of the history of ideas and the literary concept of the oeuvre. We know that archaeology as a concept and as a method is not a language as in the association of signs. It is at the same time a form of representation of a past in its longing for a settled, stable, laid down and abiding present and an anticipation of a future that is settled and ‘dead', yet real, perpetually haunting and compelling attention. As an intellectual empathizer with the field - cultural or archaeological -1 hope to bring in. within the framework of the history' of ideas, the value of preserved knowledge. I shall cite largely from literature, drama and history why archaeology will continue to be a dominant, if not a domineering conceptual science in the cause of our present centuryItem The art of female dùndún drumming in Yorubaland(Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 2005) Samuel, K. M.