FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
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Item Determinants of Agricultural Intensification in Southwest Nigeria(2012) Oyekale, A.S.; Adepoju, A.O.Declining agricultural production in many developing countries has prompted increased use of some inputs while continuous cropping prevails. This study analysed the factors promoting different forms of agricultural intensification in southwestern Nigeria. Data collected from randomly selected farmers in selected states in southwestern Nigeria were used. Results show that farmers from Osun State have the highest indices of intensification with respect to land use intensity, fertilizer use intensity and crop diversification. The censored regression showed that lost working days, use of fertilizers, crop rotation, and having more inherited land increased land use intensity while use of organic manure, minimum tillage and poverty reduced crop diversification index. Fertilizer use intensity increased with the use of minimum tillage and household size while hired and family labour use intensity increased with household size. It was recommended that in the face of increasing land degradation, farmers’ access to fertilizer must be increased and efforts to reduce their poverty level must be promoted, among others.Item Vulnerability Profile of Rural Households in South West Nigeria(Canadian Center of Science and Education, 2001) Adepoju, A.O.; Yusuf, S. A.; Omonona, B. T.; Okunmadewa, F. Y.This paper examined vulnerability to poverty of households among rural households in South West Nigeria using primary data from a two-wave panel survey (lean versus harvesting periods). Results showed that on the average there is a 0.56 probability of entering poverty a period ahead in the region and relatively high poverty rates were associated with much higher vulnerability while low poverty rates were associated with considerably low vulnerability. Vulnerable households are mostly large sized with high number of dependants and characterized by under aged or old, female headed, widowed household heads. They are mostly engaged in farming as their primary occupation, have no or low educational attainment and are landless. The findings underscore the centrality of social protection policy mechanisms as potent poverty reduction tools and necessary policy interventions to reduce consumption variability through reducing exposure to risk or improving the ex post coping mechanisms of the vulnerable.Item Gender Differentials in Educational Attainment in Rural Nigeria(Macrothink Institute, 2022) Adepoju, A.O.; Chibueze, O.; Ibitola O.R.Education, identified as the substratum of any serious nation’s growth and development, is regarded as an instrument for social change, as well as the process of preparing an individual to become a functional and acceptable member of society. It also ensures the character and moral development of the young learners and the development of sound attitudes for both genders. This study examined gender differentials in educational attainment in rural Nigeria, employing the t-test, analysis of variance and the ordinary least squares regression model for analysis. The main factor which had negative effects on educational attainment of female-headed households was the cost of schooling while factors such as the organization running the school and means of transportation had positive effects on the educational attainment of female households. On the other hand, while age and occupation of the household head had negative effects on male educational attainment, factors such as the value of asset, the organization running the school and means of transportation had positive effects. The approval and implementation of necessary legislation and policies on education targeted at rural dwellers is of utmost importance. This could center on the provision of more nearby government-owned schools as well as awareness creation on the essence of educating both genders, especially the girl child, with a focus of achieving gender balance in educational attainment.Item Food Insecurity Status Of Rural Households During the Post Planting Season in Nigeria(2013) Adepoju, A.O.; Adejare, K.A.Despite various approaches addressing the challenges of food insecurity in Nigeria, the country is still characterized by chronic food shortages particularly in the rural areas. This is an indication that the problem of food insecurity has not been adequately and critically analyzed. This study examined the food insecurity status of rural households during the post planting season in Nigeria using the recent nationally representative survey data. Results showed that about half of the rural households (49.4%) in Nigeria were food insecure during the post-planting season. Also, econometric analysis confirms that household size, education of household head, access to credit and remittances were among the major factors influencing the food insecurity status of rural households during the period. Thus, intensification of enlightenment on birth control measures, improved access to credit facilities and provision of safety nets for food insecure households during this period is pertinent.Item Determinants of Child Mortality in Rural Nigeria(2012) Adepoju, A.O.; Akanni, O.; Falusi, A.O.This study examined the determinants of child mortality in rural Nigeria employing the 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data. Data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and the Logit regression model. The result of analysis showed that the average age of the respondents at first birth is 19 years; while more than half of them had no formal education, and about three-fifths had less than 24 months birth interval. Secondary and higher education of mother, age of mother at first birth, place of delivery, type of birth, child ever breastfed, sex of child, were among the significant factors influencing child mortality in rural Nigeria. Maternal education, access to adequate health care (especially for pregnant women and children under five years) and increased awareness of benefits of breastfeeding were identified as the key factors to reducing child mortality in rural Nigeria.Item Does credit constraint in agriculture influence choice of nonfarm activities?(ISDS LLC, 2019) Adepoju, A.O.; Omolade, O.K; Obayelu, O.A.Agriculture is less becoming the main source of livelihood in rural Nigeria owing to high climatic risks, poor returns to investment and lack of modern tools. Thus, rural households are beginning to diversify their livelihoods from farming into non-farm activities, as alternative income sources. However, investment in non-farm income generating activities that yield higher returns require in most cases credit availability and accessibility. A household’s participation in and choice of nonfarm activities is thus expected to vary significantly between those who have access to credit and those who do not. However, recognition of the widespread nature and possibly far-reaching impacts of credit on non-farm income activities is scarce. This study examines the link between credit constraint status of rural households and their choice of nonfarm activities. Descriptive statistics, Probit and Multinomial Logit Regression models were employed for analysis. Results revealed that trading, artisanship and commercial transportation activities were the major non-farm activities engaged in by the households. A household credit constrained status also significantly influenced the choice of non-farm activities. Credit constrained households were more likely to participate in commercial transportation activities relative to other non-farm activities owing to its less capital-intensive nature. Promoting access to credit is thus pertinent and should be of utmost priority in the design of any programme for rural households in Nigeria.Item Contribution of non-timber forest products (ntfps) utilization to the well-being of women: evidence from nigeria(2021-10-02) Adepoju, A.O.; Adewale,A.A.; Jayeola, O.B.This paper assessed the contribution of NTFPs to the well-being of women living in Ewekoro Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Logistic regression and Ordered Logistic regression models were used to assess the contribution of NTFPs to the well-being of 120 women in the study area. The mean age, monthly household income, distance of homestead to forest and homestead to the nearest market were 47 years, $144.4, 2.0km and 1.8km respectively while 70.5% of the women used NTFPs as food. The housing dimension had the highest index of 0.537 while the overall index of 0.491 indicates a moderate level of well-being for respondents. NTFPs utilization significantly increased with household income and primary occupation but decreased with increasing age, level of education, distance from homestead to forests, distance to the nearest market and access to credit. Women’s well-being increased with utilization of NFTPs, being married, distance from homestead to the nearest market and access to credit but decreased with the distance of homestead to the forest, association membership and income. It is recommended that agricultural advisory and extension services in terms of NTFPs collection and utilization be provided; unconditional cash transfers and other consumption smoothening aids should be provided; necessary road networks should be rehabilitated or constructed, this will enhance NTFPs utilization; credit access should be provided for rural women, and rural women should be mobilized to form and/or join associations. Given that, NTFPs utilization contributes to the well-being of women, policies and programs that will enhance women’s utilization of NTFPs should be put in place