FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
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Item Assessment of variation in the fiber characteristics of the wood of vitex doniana sweet and its suitability for paper production(2014-03) Ogunjobi, K. M.; Adetogun, A. C.; Omole, A. O.The study investigated the fibre characteristics and chemical composition of Vitex doniana towards determining its potentials for pulp and paper. Fibre dimensions are of great importance because of the strong correlation between it and the strength properties of wood and paper. Axial and radial examinations of fibre characteristics of naturally grown wood of Vitex doniana were investigated to determine its suitability for paper production. Wood slivers were prepared from slices, introduced into wash bottles containing equal volume (1:1) of glacial acetic acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide and investigated on a Rheichert Visopam microscope. Variations existed in the axial and radial direction of the wood. The mean values of fibre characteristics are: fibre length (1.48mm), fibre diameter (21.9μm), fibre lumen width (12.7μm) and fibre wall thickness of Vitex doniana was 4.9μ. The mean lignin, cellulose and extractive contents were 28.1%, 41.2% and 3.5% respectively. Based on the derived values: Slenderness ratio, flexibility coefficient and Runkel ratio, species of Vitex doniana were considered to be good paper making materials.Item Investigation of pulping potentials of jatropha curcas(2013-10) Ogunjobi, K. M.; Adetogun, A. C.; Soetan, D. O.; Omole, A. O.; Olorunfemi, O.; Odebiyi, J. B.The study investigated the pulping potentials of Jathropha curcas, Samples of sawdust, shaving and splinters were taken at three sampling heights (20%, 50% and 90%) and macerated using glacial acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in ratio 1:1. Result of fibre characteristics showed that mean fibre length ranged from 0.216mm at top 0.243mm at middle and 0.244mm at the base. Mean fibre diameter of sawdust (0.01053mm) was highest followed by 0.01028mm for splint and shaving had 0.01002mm. Highest lumen width was recorded at top. Both sampling height and within sample exhibited. Runkel ratio of less than 1 while Flexibility coefficient compared favourably with other species. This study showed that Jatropha stem can be used as an alternative in pulp and paper industry taking advantage of its appreciable short fibre length and Runkel ratio of less than 1.Item Relationship between mechanical properties of vitex doniana, a lesser known species and implications for utilization(2013) Ogunjobi, K. M.; Adetogun, A. C.; Omole, A. O.; Owoeye, S. O.; Odebiyi, J. B.Relationship between the mechanical properties of Vitex doniana, a lesser known wood species was investigated towards determining its potentials for utilization. Four trees obtained from the free area of Olokemeji Forest Reserve, Ogun State, Nigeria were sampled at butt (50cm above the ground) and at 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of merchantable height (MH) The samples were also partitioned into corewood, middlewood and outerwood. Impact Bending (IMB), Modulus of Rupture (MOR), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Maximum Compressive Strength Parallel to Grain (MCS//) were determined. Relationship between the mechanical properties was determined using regression equation. Results showed that Mean IMB, MOR, MOE and MCSS// were 0.69m, 85.4 N/mm2, 6380N/mm2 and 40.8N/mm2 respectively. The best relationship existed between IMB and MCS// (R2 = 0.75) followed by between MOR and MOE (R2 =0.71) while the least relationship (R2 = 0.43) existed between MOR and MCS//.Item Flexural properties of wood cement board fabricated from cropping wastes of urban trees in a Nigerian University(2011) Omole, A. O.; Adetogun, A. C.The study was undertaken to investigate the possibilities of producing cement bonded particle boards from wood wastes generated From 3 urban wood species in University of Ibadan with a view to evaluating the bending properties of cement boards so produced. The materials used for the boards’ fabrication were wood wastes of Gmelina arborea, Delonix regia, Samena sena, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), water and calcium chloride. The bending properties evaluated are the Modulus of rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE). Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 probability level. Results showed that the mean MOR values obtained from the fabricated boards ranged From 3.71N/mm2 to 16.63N/mm2 while the mean MOE recorded ranged from 1450.8N/mm2 to 66654.9Nmm2. The highest mean MOR was recorded from the boards produced with Gmelina arborea but Samena sena produced the strongest boards. Stronger and stiffer boards were obtained at increasing levels cement/wood mixing ratio. The effect of wood species, mixing ratio levels and interaction were significantly different at 5% significant level.Item Assessment and classification of hazardous street trees in University of Ibadan Nigeria(2010) Omole, A. O.; Adetogun, A. C.; Adejumo, R. O.The study was carried out to assessed and classified hazardous trees within the University of Ibadan (UI) campus, Oyo State, Nigeria. The study population was 25 municipal tree species comprising of 420 individual trees located along the major roads of the study area, which were considered hazardous to the community. With the aids of data form, health assessments which include a review of defects, surrounding site conditions, and potential targets were carried out. Data collected were subjected to statistic analysis. The result revealed that 31.42% of the total tree species samp1ed within the study area are samena senna. Hazardous trees were generally lower along Agriculture, Masaba and Veterinary roads and they are 0.47%, 0.95% and 1.66% respectively. Oduduwa road had highest number of poor-quality tree with multiple defects (22.38%). A total of 132 species of samena senna bad extremely high probability of failure while the probability of 69 species of Delonix regia to strike a target is extremely high, this species have very shallow roots and the species is easily affected by root/stem rots resulting in heavy damages even with little storm. Ten species of Samena senna affect the road, 33 species of Gliricidia sepium affect the walkway, 60 species of Delonix regia affect the building, 71 species of Samena senna cause street light obstruction and 6 species of Samena senna are affecting the underground cable. In conclusion the study revealed that all the sampled municipal trees of university of Ibadan were defective having some negative impacts for infrastructure damages (e.g damage to building and sidewalks). Since there will always be a common Interaction among people, property and trees in the University community, detection and removal of trees that are likely to be hazardous is essential.Item Biodegradation of triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum tectona grandis linn, gmelina arborea roxb, nauclea diderichii linn and terminalia ivorensis A. chev by lenzites palisoti Fr.(Medwell Journals, 2010) Adetogun, A. C.; Oladapo, F. M.; Omole, A. O.; Ogunjobi, K. M.; Adejumo, R. O.Triplochiton scleroxylon, Tectona grandis, Gmelina arborea, Nauclea diderichii and Teminalia ivorensis wood blocks were biodegraded in situ in the laboratory by Lenzites palisoti a white rot fungus. The test blocks were cut into 10x10x20mm and exposed into the infection region of pure culture of Lenzites palisoti for 16 weeks. The test blocks were examined for weight loss at 4 weeks interval. The percentages of weight loss obtained after 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of incubation of the test blocks in Lenzites palisoti indicated that decay occurred at a relatively constant rate. After 16 weeks, micro morphological analysis of the decayed wood showed that the action of the cellulolytic enzymes of Lenzites palisoti was restricted to cell wall surface.Item Mycelial growth inhibition of basidiomyceteous fungi by extracts of anacardium occidentale linn, bridelia ferruginea benth and ficus sur forsskal(EcoIogical Society of Nigeria, 2010) Adetogun, A. C.; Omole, A. O.Aqueous extracts of the leaves, barks and the roots of Anacardium accidentale, Bridelia ferruginea and Ficus sur were bioassayed at full concentrations for their antifungal potentials by determining their inhibitory effects on the mycelia growth of Rigidiporus lignosus and Coriolopsis occidentalis. Statistically significant differences at p<0.05 between plants and plant parts were studied as well as the resistance of the test fungi to treatment with different plant part extracts. The results indicated that all the plants and their parts contain water soluble active ingredients with antifungal properties which proved to be good inhibitors of the growth of R. lignosus and C. occidentalis. The crude extracts from all the parts of Fictus sur performed best of all extracts as it totally inhibited the mycelia growth of R. lignosus and C. occidentalisItem Dimensional properties of wood cement panels produced from wood waste of some municipal tree species in University of Ibadan(Forests and Forest Products Society, 2010) Omole, A. O.; Adetogun, A. C.A study was carried out to investigate the dimensional properties of cement bonded particle board from waste of 3 urban trees common in University of Ibadan campus. The 3 wood species used for board production are: Gmelina arborea, Delonix regia,and Samanea sena. The dimensional properties investigated are thickness swelling and water absorption. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 probability level. Results showed that the mean values obtained for the thickness swelling (TS) after 24- and 48-hours of water immersion ranged from 0.52% - 7.72% and 0.51% - 7.66%. Cement-bonded particleboard made from Gmelina arborea sawdust have the lowest value of thickness swelling of 0.51% followed by Samanea sena of 1.79% and least thickness swelling value of 5.96% from Delonix regia. The effect of wood species, mixing ratio levels and interaction were significantly different at 5% significance level. The mean value of obtained for the water absorption (WA) after 24- and 48-hours of water immersion ranged from 29.60%- 11.47% and 33.34% - 14.20%. All the wood species used in the production of cement-bonded particleboards show decrease in the physical properties assessed as the mixing ratio level of the cement binder increases in the production.Item Utilization potentials of eucalyptus grandis (hill ex maiden) a municipal tree on the University of Ibadan campus(Medwell Journals, 2009) Omole, A. O.; Adetogun, A. C.; Banjoko, O.Selected physical and mechanical properties of 28 years old Eucalyptus grandis planted as municipal trees were evaluated to determine its utilization potentials. Five trees were selected and felled. Test samples were then taken at four different levels along the bole. The properties of the wood evaluated were moisture contents, calorific energy, impact and static bending properties. Data collected were statistically analysed using ANOVA. Statistical analysis of the results showed significant variation in the calorific energy properties, impact and static bending (MOR and MOE) along the bole of Eucalyptus grandis. Moisture content however, showed a level of axial uniformity All the results of the test carried out showed that Eucalyptus grandis is a very strong wood species, which can be used for load bearing work in construction such as flooring and paneling. Due to the high calorific energy values recorded in the study off cuts of this wood have great potentials for fuel wood and charcoal production.Item PRESERVATIVE USING CRUSHING STRENGTH(2009) Omole, A. O.; Adetogun, A. C.; Okonkwo, O. O.A study was carried out to determine the efficiency of wood energy production in Akinyele Local Government of Oyo State. Ten fuelwood and five charcoal wood species were selected as samples using availability as criterion. Energy parameters including moisture, ash and energy contents, and density of the samples were determined. The earth kiln system of charcoal production was used 10 determine the efficiency of the charcoal production method. Data analysis was carried out using a combination of t-tests and descriptive statistical methods. Results showed that the moisture contents ranged between 10.6 and 32.45% for the fuelwood species and 5.2 and 7.7% for charcoal. The ash contents ranged between 1.0 and 6.0% for fuelwood species and 10 and 5.0% for charcoal. Energy contents for fuel wood range between 15.79 and 28.58 MJ/kg and between 2.51 and 6.82 MJ/kg for charcoal respectively. Specific gravity for fuelwood species ranged between 0.53 for Markhamia and 0.89 for Funtumia and between 0.46 for Parkia and 0.63 for Butyreospermum for charcoals species. Outputs from the earth kiln method were found to be about 21.01% which implies that at least one kilogramme of charcoal is produced from five kilogramme of wood.