FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
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Item Woody species diversity and regeneration patterns in Osun-Osogbo sacred grove, Nigeria(Ecological Society of Nigeria, 2017-12) Falade, O. F.; Bada, S. O.Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove in Nigeria is one of the major biodiversity hotspots in sub-Saharan Africa with high plant diversity that has suffered considerable human-induced disturbance in the recent times. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the canopy species diversity and regeneration pattern in the Sacred Grove. Three (0.09ha) plots were sampled in each identified forest type (old-growth, secondary-regrowth, and riparian forests) for the inventory of tree / sapling stems, and nested quadrats (5 x 5m2) for seedlings. All stems enumerated were identified to species level. Data on diameter-at-breast height (dbh) and number of individuals per species were collected by plot. The patterns of tree (dbh ≥ 10 cm) distribution and regenerating (dbh ≤ 10 cm) population were examined using Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) while the regeneration status of the grove was assessed by comparing the Importance Value Indices (IVI) of the current stocking and regenerating populations of the tree species. A total of 75 vascular species representing 66 genera and 30 families were identified. Fabaceae (13 spp), Apocynaceae (8 spp.), Euphorbaceae (7 spp.) and Rubiaceae (7 spp.) contributed 47.5% of the flora. The first two component axes of DCA (79.59%) delineated three community assemblages along disturbance gradient in the tree population. In addition, the first two component axes of DCA (107.70%) identified four communities along composition and disturbance gradients in the regenerating population. Analysis of IVI indicated that Dialium guineense (4.11), Funtumia elastic (6.08) and Cola millenii (5.06) were dominant and the most widely distributed tree species in the Grove. Osun Sacred Grove is rich in vascular species diversity with diameter distribution showing poor growth and inadequate self- replacement of emergent tree species. Gap creation and appropriate cultural practices should be undertaken to improve the regeneration of the emergent species.Item Early growth and dry matter yield of gmelina arborea (roxb) on basement complex and ferric luvisol soils(The Forestry Association of Nigeria, 2009-12) Falade, O. F.; Bada, S. O.The study investigated the use efficiency of selected soil nutrient elements-N, P and K in the synthesis of organic matter by Gmelina arborea seedlings. Gmelina arborea (family: Verbamacaea) seedlings were grown on basement complex and ferric luvisol soils for 3-months. Sixty polythene pots were filled with each soil type, which formed an experimental unit. Each experimental unit was replicated three times making a total of 360 Gmelina arborea seedlings. Eight seedlings were selected weekly for the first four weeks and four seedings per week for the remaining six weeks in each experimental unit. Composite samples of soil media and sampled seedling were taken weekly and chemically analyzed for the determination of possible changes in nutrient concentrations. The dried leaves and shoot were combusted at 500°c, for carbon content determination. Student t-test shows no significant difference in biomass carbon between basement complex and ferric luvisol soils (paired sampled t-test, 80.92 vs 80.35g/kg, respectively, p<0.05, n=10). Significant relationship exists between leaf area ratio (LAR) and leaf weight ratio (LWR) of seedlings grown on both soil types. Thus, P and N provide a much sensitive measure of the relative cost of dry matter production than potassium in these soils. The study highlights quantitative relationships that would allow silviculturists to estimate accurately the phosphorus and nitrogen-supplying power of basement complex and ferric luvisol soils.Item Role of traditional institutions in conservation of plant diversity(Forestry Association of Nigeria, 2010-10) Falade, O. F.; Bada, S. O.Plant diversity is the vast variety of plant life and its ecological complexities existing in any region. Circumstances gave rise to diverse experiences among indigenous societies about plant wealth around them. Plants are integral for the survival of the traditional culture. Each community has a unique set of social institutions. Conservation efforts can be more efficient if it is based on deep knowledge of social institutions. Plant diversity Conservation thrive if synchronizes with improvement in human welfare. It is imperative that plant diversity Conservation and its sustainability should focus traditional institutions because of its voluntary compliance features and cost effectiveness. This review focuses on critical factors in traditional Institution that can affect Conservation of plant diversity. These factors include local attitude, land use change, indigenous knowledge, religious belief, and cultural traditions.Item Private Participation in Forest Plantation Development in Nigeria(2001) Jimoh, S. O.; Bada, S. O."Nigeria’s endowment of natural forest was so vast that it was thought to be inexhaustible. Today the resource base has been badly eroded. Only about 5% of the nation's land area is under forest cover. The current situation is that the nation can no longer meet its domestic wood need and has thus have to rely on wood importation to supplement domestic production. Though series of efforts have been made to bridge the gap via plantation establishment; the results of these efforts have not been good enough to achieve the objective. This paper traces the history of forest plantation establishment in Nigeria form the early part of the 19th century to date. It is observed that the level of private participation in forestry development in the country is still very low. This is contrary to the contemporary global trend in which private participation in plantation development is growing rapidly. It is suggested that public enlightenment; legislative reforms, provision of technical and financial assistance; funding of relevant research targeted at the private sector's needs and prevision of clear definition of property rights be embarked upon by the government in order to stimulate the interest of private investors."Item Seasonal variation in litter fall an age series gmelinaarborea plantation in a Nigerian rainforest(2013-01) Ogunyebi, A. L.; Omole, A. O.; Bada, S. O.Monthly variation in litterfall of Gmelinaarborea stands aged 28, 29, and 30 years were studied for 13 months in 2005 - 2006 with litter traps in three 20m x 20m plots randomly selected in Gmelinaarborea stands in Shasha Forest Reserve (SFR),Osun State, Nigeria. Monthly collections of litter fractions per stands were sorted into leaves, twigs, reproductive structures and others. Litters according to fractions per stand per month were oven dried at 80°C for 48 hours. Samples were created for chemical analysis. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential at 0.05 level of significance. Litterfall (especially leaf fall) occurred throughout the period of collection (13 months) in the stands (S). The peak of total litter fall was recorded in October 2005 in S1(18.2%) while peaks were recorded in September of same year in S2 (11.21%)and S3 (13.67%). The analysis of variance to determine interaction effect between fall of the litter fractions and age of the stands did not show any significant differences. Leaves constituted the bulk of litter fall across the three stands. The percentage of leaf litter to the total litter per hectare in stand ages 28, 29 and 30 years were 41.32, 34.19 and 24.48% respectively, while the contribution of unidentified litter thrash was highly insignificant.Item Rate of decomposition of leaflitter in an age series gmelina arborea robx plantation in a Nigerian lowland rain forest(2011) Ogunyebi, A. L.; Omole, A. O.; Bada, S. O.The study was carried out to investigate the rate of decomposition of Gmelina arborea Robx leaflitter in an age series in Gmelina plantation in shasa forest reserve in a Nigerian low land Forest. Rate of decomposition of Gmelina leaf litter was determined using litter bag technique and mass balance analysis to quantify the rate of leaf litter decay in the stands. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance. Nitrogen(N) and Phosphorus(P) were significantly different among the three stand ages (p <0.05). A fast decomposing rate of the leaves relatively increases P after mineralization. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Calcium and Magnesium decreased significantly with soil depth, while Potassium and PH showed no significant association with soil depth. There was a decrease in sand and silt percentages with increasing depth. Clay content however increased with increasing soil depth (P<0.05). Decomposition constant (K) of 0.08 was found for the leaves, with a turnover time of 3 to 6 months. Macro nutrients concentration in the leaf litter decrease in the order Ca> N> Mg> P> K. The study revealed that the rate of decomposition is very fast in the studied site.