FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
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Item Strategic baseline study of Ajasse-Ipo watershed catchement Area(2003) Popoola, L; Amusan, A; Soyombo, O; Fayomi, G; Bamidele, J; Taiwo, L; Adenekan, L; Jimoh, S.O; Azeez, I.OItem Socio-economic factors influencing marketing of non-timber forest products in tropical lowland rainforests of south-western Nigeria(NISC (Pty) Ltd and Taylor & Francis, 2017) Amusa, T.O; Jimoh, S.O; Azeez, I.OA number of factors persist to constrain the non-timber forest products (NTFPs) market and, by extension, its potential to contribute meaningfully to livelihood development and poverty reduction objectives. To better utilise the potential of NTFPs, it is important to have a better understanding of the key factors governing the success and failure of NTFPs trade. This paper reports on the market constraints and socio-economic factors that influence trade in five top-priority NTFPs within the tropical lowland rainforests of south-west Nigeria. The NTFPs investigated were bush mango (Irvingia gabonensis), African walnut (Plukenetia conophora), chew-stick (Massularia acuminata), fever bark (Annickia chlorantha) and bush pepper (Piper guineense). Field data were collected in 10 villages located within and around Omo and Shasha forest reserves using a household questionnaire survey. The results showed that seasonality, poor transport, lack of storage facilities and market information were the four main constraints influencing marketing and trade in the NTFPs. In addition, the level of education, gender (sex), household income, ethnicity, distance to the market and access to roads significantly influenced market knowledge and information among households involved in the trade of NTFPs. There is need to improve on the limited source of NTFPs information, enhance skills for product transformation, build innovative storage facilities, and develop the process of domestication and integration in traditional land-use systems.Item Perception of climate change effects on forest-dependent rural livelihoods in Ondo State, Nigeria(2016-06) Azeez, I.O; Jimoh, S.O; Adeniyi, A.BRural population is the highest in developing countries with pathetic living condition and lack of resources to cope with ecological perturbations apart from not having social opportunities to cushion the impacts of extreme events. This paper reports the impacts of climate change on the livelihoods of forest dependent rural populations in Ondo State, a forest rich southwestern part of Nigeria, with the view to identifying possible adaptation strategies. Stratified multistage simple random sampling was used in selecting respondents for the study. The state was stratified into Local Government Areas (LGAs) and Four (4): Odigbo, Akure North, Owo and Idanre were randomly selected. In each of the LGAs selected, one forest reserve each (Oluwa, Ala, Owo and Idanre, respectively) was selected. Three rural communities surrounding each of the forest reserve were then selected as study site while 30 households were randomly selected for interview. Primary data were collected from the selected households in the selected communities using a set of structured and open-ended questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at α0.05. Generally, more (62.2%) respondents noticed changes in rainfall pattern, which led to flooding in 2014, while 37.2% noticed increase temperature, which led to the drought of 2007. On availability of forest resources, majority (78.6%) of the respondents noticed changes in the availability of Mansonia, while 12.0%,8.0%, 5.5% and 4.7% attested to changes in the availability of Terminalia superba, Gmelina, Tectona grandis (Teak) and Obeche, respectively. Similarly, 78.0% of the respondents noticed changes in availability of firewood, while changes in the availability of seeds, fruits and mushrooms were attested to by 15.0%, 4.7%, and 1.4% of the respondents, respectively. Identified impacts of climate change by the respondents included among others reduction in agricultural production, flooding, increased livestock death and shortage of food. Suggested mechanisms for coping with climate change adversities included changing of the planting date, practice of agroforestry, planting of trees and early harvesting regime. Climate change was found to impact agricultural and rural land use in the study area. Therefore, the adoption of agroforestry practices as rural land use is recommended in Ondo State as an adaptation measure against climate change.Item Population structure and threats to sustainable management of woody plant species in a semi-arid agro-ecosystem in Nigeria(2016) Dauda, T.H; Jimoh, S.O; Azeez, I.OThis study was conducted to assess population structure and threat to the sustainable management of woody species in the various ago-ecosystems in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area (LGA) Katsina State, Nigeria. Purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were used to collect data from 21 randomly demarcated 100m × 100m sample plots. All woody plant species found in the sample plots with stem diameter >2 cm at 20cm above ground, were recorded. Population structure was summarized by diameter classes. For the identification of threats, field and questionnaire surveys were used. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed at ten questionnaires per ward in five out of the 11 wards in the LGA. The highest numbers (350) of small diameter trees (0.1-1.0cm) were recorded in the agrosilvopastoral system. This was followed by silvopastoral and agrisilviculture systems with 89 and 85, respectively. However, the highest number of large diameter woody tree species was recorded in the silvopastoral system followed by agrosilvopastoral and agrisilviculture systems. The regular reverse J-shaped and fairly regular reverse J-shaped size class distribution observed for agrosilvopastoral and silvopastoral respectively, suggest a recuperating population. Over exploitation, debarking, de-branching, root-digging, leaf harvesting, seed harvesting, poor regeneration, slow rate of growth, wind effect and bush burning were the major threats to sustainable management of woody plant species in the study area. The implications of our findings for sustainable management of woody plant species in the study area are discussed and recommendations made.Item Content analysis of forestry information reported in the environmental columns of two Nigerian newspapers(2016) Azeez, I. O; Adeniyi, T.E; Jimoh, S.ODespite availability and functioning of several newspapers in Nigeria, little or no change was observed in people’s attitude towards forestry related issues with attendant decline in the country’s forest resources. This paper reports the content analyses of forestry information reported by two prominent and national newspapers in Nigeria with the view to determining the frequency, space allotted, prominence and content categories of forestry related information in the newspapers from June 2009 to May 2014. Purposive sampling technique was used to select Guardian newspaper and Nigeria Tribune for the study. Data were collected from the editions on the days these newspapers have slot for environmental columns and were analysed using descriptive such as percentage and frequency as well as chi-square inferential statistics at α0.005. It was found that 76.9% of the environmental articles identified by the study were reported by Guardian while Nigerian Tribune reported 30.1%. Also, only 9.0% of the reported forestry related news were on the centre pages while 31.3% took up 201 –300 cm2 spaces of the newspapers under study. Climate change issues linked with forestry (CCLF) was the modal news category (26.9%) reported in the pages of the dailies under study. Further, a significant relationship was established between the newspapers and the space allotted, but none was observed between newspapers and prominence of forestry information as well as between the newspapers and categories of forestry information reported. Training of forestry information editors and canvassing for more sponsor of forestry information in Nigeria newspaper therefore becomes apt.Item Socio-economic determinants of consumer demand for non-timber forest products in Ogun and Osun States, Southwest Nigeria(2013) Amusa, T.O; Jimoh, S.O; Azeez, I.O; Adefalu, L.L; Oladipo, F.OThere is a dearth of research effort on the individual and household characteristics that affect the consumption of on-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in parts of Southwest Nigeria. Yet, understanding the factors driving demand for NTFPs is crucial for managing supplies sustainably. Therefore, this study examined the socio-economic determinants of consumer demand for NTFPs in Ogun and Osun States, Southwest Nigeria. A survey involving 320 respondents randomly selected from eight communities in each of Ijebu East Local Government Area (LGA) of Ogun State and Ife South Local Government Area (LGA) of Osun State was carried out using questionnaires. Data were collected on five top priority species including: bush mango (Irvingia gabonensis), African walnut (Plukenetia conophora), chewingstick (Massularia acuminata), fever-bark (Annickia chlorantha syn. Enantia chlorantha) and bush pepper (Piper guineense). Both descriptive and inferential statistics involving frequency tables, percentages, Likert scale, chi-square and multiple linear regression were used in analyzing the data at P = 0.05. Respondents’ sex, age, marital status, educational attainment and primary occupation had significant impacts on the level of consumption of P. conophora and A. chlorantha, while that of M. acuminata was significantly impacted by both marital status and household size. Primary occupation and age of respondents also significantly impacted the level of consumption of P. guineense, whereas only household size had a significant impact on the level of consumption of I. gabonensis. Products’ price, taste and substitute had no significant effect on NTFPs consumption. Although, each of the NTFPs has different socio-economic demand and niche among the consumers, the most determining factors of consumption were product availability and season of the year. The results of this study are valuable for predicting NTFPs consumption pattern and for policy orientation that targets sustainable use of the products.Item Determining the local importance of non-timber forest products using two different prioritization techniques(2012) Amusa, T.O; Jimoh, S.O; Azeez, I.OAmong the key uncertainties in the sustainable management of forest for non-timber forest products (NTFPs) is the high diversity of species and paucity of information on indigenous use pattern. In designing appropriate strategies for sustainable management of non-timber forest products, therefore, it is important to identify species with high local importance with the potential for sustainable and profitable extraction in a managed system. In this study, we assessed the use of two quantitative techniques including the Use-Value index (Phillips and Gentry, 1993) and Assigned-Value approach (Adeola et al., 1994), as procedures for prioritization of NTFP species in a tropical lowland rainforest ecosystem, Omo Forest Reserve (OFR), southwest Nigeria. A simple random sampling approach was employed to obtain data on the uses of NTFP species through semi-structured interview of 81 households in four communities within the reserve. Descriptively, the data were analyzed using frequency distribution, tables, chart and percentages. The Spearman correlation coefficient was employed to test for relationship between the values obtained for each of the two techniques. Results obtained for both techniques were fairly positively correlated (ρ = 0.59; P < 0.01), suggesting a cautious interchangeable use of the techniques for the same end. Based on our findings, we posit that in evaluating forest and NTFPs for local importance and use, the end objectives of such evaluation must be critically examined in the light of the interest of the different respondents’ group.Item Population distribution and threats to sustainable management of selected non-timber forest Products in tropical lowland rainforests of South Western Nigeria(Springer, 2013) Jimoh, S.O; Amusa, T.O; Azeez, I.OUncontrolled harvesting of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) poses a serious risk of extermination to several of these species in Nigeria. Yet, there is a paucity of information on the distribution, population status and sustainable management of NTFPs in most of the tropical lowland rainforests. We, therefore, assessed the population, distribution and threats to sustainable management of NTFPs within the tropical lowland rainforests of Omo and Shasha Forest Reserves, south western Nigeria. Data were obtained through inventory surveys on five top priority species including: bush mango (Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill), African walnut (Tetracarpidium conophorum (Mull. Arg.) Hutch. & Dalziel syn. Plukenetia conophora), chew-stick (Massularia acuminata (G. Don) Bullock), fever bark (Annickia chlorantha Setten & P.J.Maas syn. Enantia chloranta) and bush pepper (Piper guineense Schumach. & Thonn.). Purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were used for the inventory. Each forest reserve was stratified into three, viz: less disturbed natural forest (for areas that have been rested for at least ten years), recently disturbed natural forest (for areas that have suffered one form of human perturbation or the other in the last five years), and plantation forest (for areas carrying forest plantation). Data were collected from eighteen 10 m×500 m belt transects located in the above strata. The species were generally fewer in both plantation and recently disturbed natural forest than the less disturbed natural forest, suggesting that forest disturbances (habitat modification) for other uses may have an effect on the occurrence and densities of the NTFPs. Exceptions to this trend were found for P. guineense and T. conophorum, which were fairly common in both plantation and recently disturbed natural forest. Among three tree NTFP species (i.e. I. gabonensis, M. acuminata and A. chlorantha), only I. gabonensis showed a significant difference in overall DBH size classes for both reserves (t=-2.404; df =21; p=0.026). Three tree NTFP species in both reserves further showed differences from the regular patterns of distribution of trees. The fairly regular reverse J-shaped size class distribution observed for M. acuminata in the study sites, however, suggests a recuperating population. In general, destructive harvesting of species, logging operations, low population size, narrow distribution ranges and habitat degradation are the major threats to the population of NTFPs in the study area. The implications of our findings for sustainable management of NTFPs in the study area are discussed and recommendations are made for a feasible approach towards enhancing the status of the species.Item Prevalence, utilization and conservation strategies for non-timber forest products in South western zone of Nigeria(2012) Jimoh, S.O; Amusa, T.O; Azeez, I.OThe study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and utilization of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) plant species in Omo and Shasha Forest Reserves, Southwestern Nigeria. Data were obtained through the use of structured questionnaires administered to households in forest communities. To complement information from the household survey, focus group discussions (FGDs) were also carried out in each of the sampled communities. In-depth interview (IDI) of forestry staff was further used to supplement the information collected. A simple random sampling technique was employed for the study. In Omo Forest Reserve (OFR), a total of seventy five species distributed in forty three families were recorded, while fifty six species in thirty one families were documented in Shasha Forest Reserve (SFR). Local end-uses of NTFPs include food and food supplements, snacks/sweeteners, wrapping leaves, soup and spices, beverages, dental care supplies, washing tools, roofing/construction materials, medicine and traditional rites items. While access to these resources is important to guarantee the socio-economic well being of the forest dwellers and communities, their sustainable management has not been taken seriously by policy makers thereby contributing to reduction of biodiversity and gradual but irretrievable loss of indigenous knowledge on the uses of most species. To ensure the sustainable utilization of NTFPs in these and similar tropical forest environments therefore, a number of conservation approaches are proposed.Item Factors affecting adoption behaviour of agroforestry practitioners in ATISBO local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria(2007-01) Azeez, I. O; Jimoh, S.O; Amusa, T.OThe importance of trees and shrubs in fallows or in food crop production systems cannot be overstressed in view of the fragile nature of the tropical environment, increase in population density, rate of forest diminution and increasing land shortage. This has given rise to the technology of Agroforestry. Evolving technology to meet any need will be incomplete without taking cognizance of the end-users no matter how perfect. This study investigates the factors affecting adoption behaviour of agroforestry practitioners in Atisbo local Government Area of Oyo State, Using a purposive random technique, a total of one hundred and fifty questionnaires were administered to selected agroforestry farmers in the study area based on membership of Alisbo Farmers' Association of Nigeria (AFAN). Data generated were analyzed using descriptive and inferential test statistics. Results reveal variants of agroforestry system among the respondents. These include; the tree crop system (67.3%); Mixed home gardening (22.7%); Alley cropping (7.3%); Bush fallow (2.0%); and Taungya (0.7%). Farmers income level and extension contact were two variables that significantly associate with adoption of agroforestry technology (X2 7.651, 47. 680; P<0.05). There is also a positive and significant correlation between adoption and scale of farming, total farm size, socio status on land and type of agroforestry system. The financial implication of practicing agroforestry system is the most important determining factor affecting adoption and application.