FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
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Item Characteristics of shea butter processing in Niger State, Nigeria(2020-10) Tijani, S. A.; Sanusi, M. K.The study examined the characteristics of Shea Butter processing and factors associated with the output in Niger states, Nigeria. Two stage sampling procedure was used to select 315 respondents. Interview schedule was used in data collection. Data collected were analysed with percentages, Chi-square, the Pearson Product Moment Coefficient (PPMC) and simple regression model at α 0.05. The result revealed that the majority (80.6%) of the respondents used semi-mechanised method in processing Shea butter. The average unit price of Shea butter was N476.07K per Kilogramme, while the average income was N439,650.37K per annum. Processors had low level of accessibility to modern processing technologies (66.2%) and more than half (64.8%) of the processors were producing at low level. Lack of credit facilities and high cost of processing equipment were identified as severe constraint to Shea butter processing. There were significant relationship between level of education (χ²=11.18, p≤0.05), level of engagement (χ²=8.71, p≤0.05), income (r=0.819, p≤0.05) and accessibility to modern Shea butter processing technologies (r=0.164, p≤0.05) with level of Shea butter processing output. The major determinants of Shea butter processing output were income, household size, unit price and accessibility to modern processing technologies. Financial institutions should provide soft loans to Shea butter processors to acquire inputs and equipment. Similarly, government agencies should provide Shea butter processing equipment to the processors to improve access to the technologies that could lead to increase Shea butter production in Niger state.Item Level of involvement of shea butter processors in processing activities in North-central, Nigeria(2019) Tijani, S. A.; Sanusi, M. K.The study examined the level of involvement of Shea butter processors in processing activities in North-central Zone of Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 330 respondents for the study. The data was collected through an Interview schedule and analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The result of the findings shows that the average age of the respondents was 40.2 years, with 97.9% and 97.0% being female and of Islamic faith respectively. They have average household size of 8.78 persons and 54.8% were members of cooperative with an average working experience of 19.40 years. Generally, the respondents had low level of involvement in Shea butter processing activities (57.9%), though there was high level of involvement in milling of the nuts (1.69) and boiling dough (1.667). The respondents were able to meet their basic needs of life through their involvement in Shea butter processing activities. However, lack of credit facilities and high cost of processing equipment were the major constraints to Shea butter processing. There were significant relationship between memberships of Shea butter processors (χ²= 20.8, p=0.00), age (r=0.17, p=0.03), years of experience (r=0.21, p=0.00), benefit (r=0.44, p=0.00) and constraints (r=0.23, p=0.00) with their level of involvement in Shea butter processing. There is the need to sensitise the processors on the benefits inherent in Shea butter production and belonging to Shea butter processors association to increase the level of involvement and income generation for the processors.Item Utilisation of modern processing technologies among shea butter processors in Niger State, Nigeria(2018-06) Sanusi, M. K.; Tijani, S. A.The study assessed the level of utilization of modern processing technologies among processors in Niger State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 217 respondents for this study. Interview schedule was used to collect data which were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Generally, the level of utilization of modern processing technology was low (57.6%). However, milling to fine paste (μ=1.97), use of matured, fresh and un-cracked nuts (μ=1.91), Keep butter in cool and dry place (μ=1.90) and milling machine (μ=1.86) were the most utilized technologies. The respondents identified lack of credit facility (μ=1.72), lack of government assistance (μ=1.68) and high cost of processing equipment (μ=1.67) as constraints to use modern processing technologies. There was significant relationship between respondent’s age (r=0.245, p=0.00), years of experience (r=0.198, p= -0.004), constraints (r=0.152, p= -0.027) and awareness (r=0.792, p= 0.00) with their level of utilization of modern processing technologies. Niger State Commodity Export Promotion council should make effort to increase the number of Shea butter processing villages across the state and extension service in the state needs to be invigorated to adopt Shea programme seriously to be able to reach-out to more processors.Item Level of utilisation of modern processing technologies among shea butter processors in Kwara State, Nigeria(2016) Sanusi, M. K.; Tijani, S. A.; Akinsokeji, O. A.The study examined the level of utilisation of modern processing technology among the Shea butter processors in Kwara State. Purposive sampling techniques was used to select Agricultural zones A and C as well as Kaima and Baruteen LGAs from Zone A while random sampling techniques was used to select Ilorin West and Moro L.G.As from Zone C. Thirty respondents were randomly selected from each of the selected LGAs to give a sample size of 120 respondents. Interview schedule was used to collect the data which were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that 88.3% of the respondents were female, 47.0% were between 40 and 50 years of age, married (86.6%), having low level of education (83.1%) and 1-10 years of experience (52.8%). The main source of information was the radio (96.6%). Level of awareness of modern processing technology was high (55.0%), with screw hydraulic (54.2%) being the most available technology while miller (54.3%) and roaster (53.3%) were the most utilised technologies. Generally, the level of utilisation of modern processing technology was low (53.8). The respondents identified lack of regular power supply (97.5%), lack of government support (75.7) and inadequate finance (72.9) as constraints. There was significant relationship between respondent’s level of education (χ²=25.65, p=0.01), level of production (r=0.772, p=0.028), years of experience (r=0.951, p=-0.009), constraints (r=0.724, p=-0.034) and their level of utilisation. Government should provide rural infrastructures such as stable source of electricity, credit facility and good road in the study area as well as training on how to use and maintain the equipment.