FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
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Item The efficacy of karate (lambdacyhalothrin) in controlling heloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) on soybeans (glycine max. L. Merril.)(1997) Fadina, O.O; Adesiyan, S.O.The nematicidal properties of a synthetic pyrethriod (Karate) was investigated. In laboratory experiments, Karate at different concentrations (4,000ppm, 6,000ppm and 8,000pm against Meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) prevented egg- hatch and accentuated the death of the infective second stage juveniles. In green-house experiments, as little as 4,000ppm of Karate reduced both the number of galls and the population of juveniles in soils when compare with the Control plants. However, Karate applied as soil-drench resulted in wilting of plants at all concentrationsItem The Effects of Single and Combined Repetitive Oral Administration of Common Pesticides and Alcohol on Rabbits(1999) Fadina, O.O; Taiwo, V.O; Ogunsunmi, A.OThe toxicological effects of repetitive single or combined oral administration of a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide (KarateR), nicotine and alcohol (ethanol) in rabbits were studied. Rabbits given daily oral doses of either KarateR, nicotine or ethanol and a combination of either KarateR and nicotine or alcohol exhibited various forms and severities of nervous signs, haematological and serum biochemical alterations, and lungs, liver, heart, kidney and brain damage. Single repetitive nicotine consumption proved most fatal with 75% mortality rate recorded within eight weeks, while combined KarateR and alcohol consumption caused 100% mortality within ten weeks. Severe anaemia, panleucopenia, significant increase in serum gammaglutamyl transferase and hypocholesterolaemia were the hallmarks of severe toxicity with these agents. This study highlights the possible long-term effects of the indiscriminate use of pesticides, and some common environmental pollutants like alcohol on rabbits. This very serious threat to biodiversity Conservation efforts in our environment that may result from this is discussed.Item Oil spillage and agriculture: effects of spent lubricating oil on soil nutrients and yield of soybeans {glycine max L. merril)(1998) Fadina, O. O.; Mbotig, MbotigThe toxicological effects of spent lubricating oil on Iwo Varieties of soybeans TGX I485-ID and TGX I448-2E Were investigated. Soil Chemical analysis before Planting and After harvest Revealed that there were variable decrease in the levels of Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Zinc (Zn), Copper, (Cu), Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn) with Increasing level of oil contamination. However, the Amount of Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mn), lron (Fe) and Cadmium (Cd) was found to have increased In the soil after harvest. Lead (Pb) and Chromium (Cr) were not detected in the contaminated and uncontaminated soils. Spent lubricating oil was found to cause delayed germination, reduced growth and yield Parameters In both varieties of soybeans; and with increasing level of oil contamination, the toxicity of the oil to soybeans were more pronouncedItem Body dimensions of N’dama cattle in humid South West Nigeria(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 1999) Ososanya, T. O.; Olutogun, O.Item Rabbit production in Nigeria: some aspects of current status and promotional strategies(Universitat Politècnica de València, 1999) Onifade, A. A.; Abu, O. A.; Obiyan, R. I.; Abanikannda, O. T. F.Some aspects of the current status and promotional strategies of rabbit production in Nigeria were appraised in this study. This was because such data are lacking and rabbit production offers a great potential towards attainment of food security in terms of animal protein intake. Data were obtained principally from field survey, questionnaires administration, personal observations and experiences of authors, structured personal interviews of identified rabbit farmers, personal interview and observational data from agricultural extension agents, personal interview and visitation to markets and retail outlets for rabbit, proxy information from distant collaborators, recorded data from Government establishments and published data. All the information collected was synthesized to provide an informative blend on major aspects of rabbit production. From the data collected, it was found that rabbit production in Nigeria is largely a traditional, non-commercially oriented, family-consumption targeted, and smallholder type operation comprising an average of 2-7 does and 3 bucks. About 3.4-5.2% of the Nigerian population may be keeping rabbits with women and children being mostly involved. Rabbit keeping is both intensive and semi- intensive, though some scattered free range backyard rearing was recorded. Unlike the rural rabbit keepers, space is limiting for most urban rabbit keepers. Diets of rabbits in Nigeria are primarily forages, grasses and legumes, kitchen wastes while commercial feeds are rarely fed. Bucks and does are under-utilized, with does producing about 20 weaned rabbit per year and are usually offered for sale after four parities. Nigerian rabbits do not suffer any peculiar disease, however skin disease (mange) and coccidia infection are very common. There are high peri- and post-natal mortalities, and it was estimated that overall mortality between birth and marketing was between 30-40%, being highest in the young ones. The performance and reproductive productivity of rabbits in Nigeria are strongly correlated with the level of management. There exists a latent and growing market for rabbit meat in Nigeria especially as an alternative livestock species. We propose promotional strategies for sustainable rabbit production.Item Performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of rabbit fed sweet potato based diets(1999) Abu, O. A.; Tewe, O. O.; Bakare, J.The performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of rabbits fed dehydrated sweet potato tops and sweet potato root meal in proportions of 100: 0. 90 : 10, 80: 20. 70 : 30, 60 : 40 and 50: 50 were investigated. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in daily feed intake. However, rabbits fed diets in proportion of 80 : 20 (T.) recorded the highest daily weight gain and was significantly different (P<0.05) from other dietary treatments. No significant difference (P>0.05) was reported for the apparent digestibility of crude fibre and ash. Rabbits on diets T3 (80 : 20) and T4 (70 : 30) had the highest killing out per cent and head weights. No mortality was recorded throughout the duration of this study.Item Performance characteristics of growing rabbits fed glicidia sepium leaf meal as a replacement for groundnut(Bioline International, 1999) Dada, S. A. O.; Abu, O. A.; Okeowo, T. A.; Badmus, O. R.The study involved 16 weaner crossbred (New Zealand White and Chinchila) rabbits of about eight weeks of a.fetz with initial average weight of 0.69 kg. The animals were offered a measured amount of their respective diets. The level of replacement of groundnut cake with Gliricidia leaf meal (GLM) were 0, 25 50 and 75%, to give four diets which were fed ad libitum throughout the experimental period of 35 days. The similar average daily feed intake of the rabbit fed 0, 25 and 50% GLM included diets was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the corresponding daily weight gain of the rabbits fed 25 and 50% GLM diets and those fed 75% GLM diet recorded the least (P < 0.05) daily gain. Dry matter intake (DMI) was significantly correlated with daily weight gain (r = 0.94, P < 0.05) and feed efficiency (r = 0.90, P < 0.05).Item Growth performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens as influenced by propriety source of feed(1999) Joseph, J. K.; Ijalana, O. O.; Abu, O. A.This study investigated the quality of selected popular poultry feeds available in Nigerian poultry feed market, using growth performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens as indices. Day old broiler chicks were fed with diets obtained from four different commercial feed manufacturers (coded FTE, GFE, PFE and SFE to protect the manufacturers) and control diet (formulated in conformity with recommended nutrient requirements for broiler chickens) over an eight week trial period. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in crude protein, fat and fibre contents of feeds. Crude protein contents of the commercial feeds were found to be below the recommendation level. In some of the feeds the crude fat and fibre contents were higher than the standard levels. The variation in feed quality resulted in reduced feed intake, lower average daily live weight gain, higher feed: gain ratio and lower nutrient retention (protein, fat, fibre) in broilers fed commercial diets when compared with birds on control diet. Live and carcass weight of birds placed on commercial diets FTE, PFE and SFE were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those placed on control diet. Since live and carcass weights of birds are the two major price indices in broiler chicken market, it was therefore concluded that most of the commercial feeds in Nigerian market were substandard.Item Protein enrichment of sweet potato by solid state fermentation using four mono-culture fungi(Biotechnology Society of Nigeria, 1999) Abu, O. A.; Oguntimein, G. B.; Tewe, O. O.Washed, sliced and oven-dried whole sweet potato tubers (Ipomoea batatas) of the local variety were milled and supplemented with a mineral salts solution containing (g litre-1) glucose, 5; (NH4)2 SO4 1.5; KH2 PO4, 1.5; MgSO4 0.05;Yeast extract, 0.05 and fermented at 30ₒC for 72 hr by solid state fermentation (SSF) using Neurospora sitophila, Aspergillus niger, Candida utilis and Saccharomyces uvarum. At the end of the fermentation period A. niger gave the highest protein content of 11.8%, DM basis while S. uvarum showed the least protein content. However in terms of true protein production N sitophila gave the best value of 8.98%. While S. uvarum gave the least value under the Standard condition.