FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
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Item Sustainability of the youth agriculture empowerment programmes in Osun and Oyo states(2018) Tijani, S. A.The problem of youth unemployment in Nigeria necessitated both the federal and state governments to introduce several empowerment programmes particularly in agriculture in order to enhance the economic capacity of youths. However, some of these programmes barely outlive the political regime that initiated them. Meanwhile, Osun youth empowerment programme has been acclaimed to be a model copied by other local and international organisations. Therefore, this study investigated sustainability of youth empowerment programmes in agriculture in Osun and Oyo States. Three (3) Local Government Areas (LGA) with 25% of the beneficiaries were selected randomly from each of the two states to give a total of 260 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at α0.05. The study revealed more male participation in the programme in both states, high formal education with mean age of 28.2 (Osun) and 31.5 years (Oyo). Major benefit derived by respondents was positive attitudinal change towards agriculture (Osun=96.1%, Oyo= 73.5%) and job opportunity (Osun=91.6%, Oyo=87.4%) Respondents’ level of participation in the programme was low (Osun=56.1%, Oyo= 58.4%), 60.6% and 89.3% in Osun and Oyo respectively perceived the programme to be unsustainable. Inadequate funding, lack of post empowerment support and monitoring were the major constraints to sustainability There was a significant relationship between benefits derived (r = 0.398) by respondents’ in Oyo, constraints in both states (Osun =0.243, Oyo = 0.855) and sustainability of the programme. The youth empowerment programme in agriculture in both states was adjudged unsustainable. Monitoring and evaluation process as well as, appropriate legislation to insulate the programme from political shocks should be included from onset.Item Land-use changes and urbanization impacts on livelihood and groundwater sustainability of coastal areas of Lagos, SW-Nigeria: integrated GIS-based, livelihood and hydrochemical assessments(Nigerian Mining and Geosciences Society, 2018) Tijani, M. N.; Adekoya, A. E.; Fashae, O. A.; Tijani, S. A.; Aladejana, J. A.Water and food security are essential to human survival, livelihood and well-being vis-a-vis sustainable resources management and attainment of the SDGs. This study employed GIS-based, livelihood and hydrochemical assessments of impacts of land use and urbanization on community livelihood and groundwater sustainability with emphasis on the resilience and security of coastal water supply in Lagos metropolis, SW-Nigeria. For the assessment of land-use changes and associated impacts on community livelihood, Spot 5 satellite imagery of 1984, 2002 and 2017 of Lagos area alongside with Landsat ETM+ and OLI were used to generate the land use / land cover (LULC) changes using ArcGIS 10.3 Software. In addition, purposive and random sampling was used to select 500 respondents for the socio-economic assessment of perceived effects of land use changes on livelihood activities of coastal communities in the study area, while the data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Furthermore, hydrochemical quality assessment of seventy (70) water samples collected from different household water points (wells and boreholes) within study coastal environs were subjected to in-situ physicochemical parameters (pH, Temperature, TDS and EC) followed by laboratory analyses of major cations and anions. GIS-based 2 2 assessment revealed a significant increase in the built-up areas from 447.3km in 1984 to 951km in 2017 representing 85% increase with corresponding loss of about 5% of the forested coastal wetlands. This is a clear indication of rapid urbanization in the last three decades with attendant impacts on coastal livelihood and water quality. For the livelihood assessment, the average age of respondents was 52±7.7 years while most (66.2%) were males, married, (90.0%), literate (57.7%) with an average 34±5.2 years of residency. Fishing and farming were the major activities while the evaluated data revealed a decline in livestock production by 92.0%, cash crops by 90.0% and food crops by 79.0%. This is also a clear indication of impacts land-use changes as two-third of the respondents diversified into nonfarming activities. Hydrochemical assessment revealed elevated electrical conductivity (EC) of >1,000μS/cm alongside with elevated Na (51-230mg/l), Cl (300-980mg/l) and SO (36-88mg/l) concentrations in shallow wells and boreholes tapping the upper unconfined aquifer. This is a clear fingerprint of groundwater vulnerability to saline intrusion and contamination. Therefore, in the face of reality of impacts of anthropogenic land-use and climateinduced changes, there is the need for a clear governance structure to regulate the rate of groundwater abstraction and indiscriminate groundwater development to ensure sustainable groundwater resources management and attainment of SDG-6 and avoidance of water supply crisis. Such crisis can be avoided, if appropriate knowledge-based choices, planning / management options are employed; failure of which will likely be very costly.Item Population structure and threats to sustainable management of woody plant species in a Semi-Arid Agro-Ecosystem in Nigeria(2016) Dauda, T.H.; Jimoh, S.O.; Azeez, I.O.This study was conducted to assess population structure and threat to the sustainable management of woody species in the various ago-ecosystems in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area (LGA) Katsina State, Nigeria. Purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were used to collect data from 21 randomly demarcated 100m × 100m sample plots. All woody plant species found in the sample plots with stem diameter >2 cm at 20cm above ground, were recorded. Population structure was summarized by diameter classes. For the identification of threats, field and questionnaire surveys were used. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed at ten questionnaires per ward in five out of the 11 wards in the LGA. The highest numbers (350) of small diameter trees (0.1-1.0cm) were recorded in the agrosilvopastoral system. This was followed by silvopastoral and agrisilviculture systems with 89 and 85, respectively. However, the highest number of large diameter woody tree species was recorded in the silvopastoral system followed by agrosilvopastoral and agrisilviculture systems. The regular reverse J-shaped and fairly regular reverse J-shaped size class distribution observed for agrosilvopastoral and silvopastoral respectively, suggest a recuperating population. Over exploitation, debarking, de branching, root digging, leaf harvesting, seed harvesting, poor regeneration, slow rate of growth, wind effect and bush burning were the major threats to sustainable management of woody plant species in the study area. The implications of our findings for sustainable management of woody plant species in the study area are discussed and recommendations madeItem Densities and Distribution of Vitellariaparadoxa C.F.Gaertn. and Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R.Br.ex G.Don. in Agro-ecosystems in Oyo State, Nigeria(Ecological Society of Nigeria, 2012) Jimoh, S .O.; Asinwa, I. O.Population increase has led to increased pressures on many socioeconomically and ecologically important tree species including Vitellaria paradoxa C.F.Gaertn.and Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R.Br.ex G.Don. This portends great threats to the continued existence of such species including the myriads of goods and services they provide. There is need to put on record, scientific evidence of the current status of these species in order to draw attention to the pressures on their populations and the need for deliberate actions for their conservation and sustainable management. We assessed densities and distribution of Vitellaria paradoxa and Parkia biglobosa in some agro ecosystems in Oyo State, Nigeria with a view to generating information on the current stocking of the species in the various ecosystems and provide base line data for subsequent resource monitoring and sustainable management planning. Oyo State was stratified into three agro-ecological zones viz: dry-woodland/Southem Guinea savanna, moist-woodland/derived savanna and rainforest. A multistage sampling procedure was used in collecting data on densities and distribution of Vitellaria paradoxa and Parkia biglobosa in the agro ecosystems through field survey. Descriptive statistics, cross tabulation, simple t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. Student’s t-test and analysis of variance indicate that there was no significant difference at 5% level of probability in the densities of V paradoxa and P. biglobosa in the cultivated and fallow land. Potential mother trees for regeneration were found mainly on crop farms while younger trees dominate the fallow plots. This is an indication of extraction of older trees on fallow plots apparently for domestic energy supplies. It is recommended that the management of V. paradoxa and P. biglobosa should be intensified through enrichment planting and deliberate cultivation in plantations in order to meet the high demand pressures on their populationsItem Influence of sustainable use of environmental goods and services on the green economy goals in African countries(Forestry Association of Nigeria, 2013) Adewole, N.A; Ogunsanwo, O.Y; Azeez, I.OThis paper reviewed the status of environmental goods and services utilization in Africa viz-a-viz the goal of green economy. A systematic appraisal of the potential of utilizing forest goods and services in a sustainable manner to reduce the striking poverty in Africa is one of the focuses of this paper. It identified the challenges slowing down the development of environmental goods and services in a sustainable manner to guarantee green economy in Africa. The paper recommends urgent action in the direction of poverty and ignorance reduction by governments in Africa. This will engender sustainable utilization of goods and services in African states' indigenous communities towards meeting the green economy goals.