Communication & Language Arts
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Item Explaining the effectiveness of community-based crime prevention practices in Ibadan, Nigeria(Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2016) Ojebode, A.; Ojebuyi, B. R.; Onyechi, N. J.; Oladapo, O.; Oyedele, O. J.; Fadipe, I. A.The problem of ineffective policing still persists in post-colonial Africa and as a result, both donors and governments are seeking non-state alternatives or complements to the state apparatuses. These alternatives include private sector provision, donor-driven interventions and community-based or community-driven crime prevention practices. There is no shortage of community-based crime prevention (CBCP) practices in Africa and they come in a variety of forms and models: neighbourhood watches, vigilantes, religious and ethnic militias, and neighbourhood guards. However, the effectiveness of CBCP practices is still a subject of controversy despite the widespread prevalence of these practices. This study looks at the effectiveness of CBCP practices, considers possible reasons for their effectiveness or ineffectiveness, and on the basis of the research, makes some policy recommendations.Item Perception of social media credibility and online political participation by young adults in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria(Franklead printing and publishing company, 2019) Onyechi, N. J.; Adeitan, M. A.This study was carried out to determine the perception of social media credibility and online political participation among young adults in Ibadan Metropolis. This study was guided by the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM). Mixed research method was used as the research design (survey and focus group discussion). The study employed multi-stage sampling technique to select (n=289 for the survey; n=40 for FGDs) respondents and discussants respectively for the study. Questionnaire and focus group discussion guide were used as research instruments. Results revealed that interactivity, accessibility from medium dimension and accuracy, objectivity from message dimension are the main determinants of social media credibility. Furthermore, results also showed that there is a significant relationship between perceived credibility of social media and online political participation among young adults. Thus, it was recommended, among others, that political actors should utilise this platform for online mobilisation of this cohort.Item Information sources as predictors of knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding among nursing mothers in Anambra South Eastern Nigeria(Faculty of Arts, University of Uyo, Nigeria, 2019) Onyechi, N. J.; Ezeneche, O. R.Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) practice has become global phenomenon considered gold standard for optimal infant health care. Variations in proportions of women adopting appropriate breastfeeding practices have been observed and these are important from a medical perspective, as individual's decisions on breastfeeding have implications for infant health. Aware that poor knowledge of EBF has been linked to its non-adoption, this study investigated influence of information sources on knowledge of EBF among nursing mothers in Anambra State, South-Eastern Nigeria. Information Processing Theory provided the theoretical underpin while survey and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were employed as research designs. Two hundred and eleven systematically selected nursing mothers responded to the questionnaire while 24 purposively selected discussants took part in the FGD. Finding revealed that health personnel (HP) especially nurses were major information sources on EBF practices. Pearson's correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between mass media (specifically radio, billboards/posters) and nursing mothers' knowledge of EBF. Stakeholders in health sector, including Federal and State governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), donor agencies and other health planners involved in health campaign, are advised to adopt radio as a channel of communication especially in rural communities where knowledge of EBF needs to be scaled up.Item Taking their destiny in their hands: Social media, youth participation and the 2015 political campaigns in Nigeria(UNISA Press, 2018) Onyechi, N. J.The issue of youth participation in political activities, including campaigns, has dominated scholarly discourse across the globe. The youth’s seeming apathy towards politics has continued to resonate among researchers, policy makers and other stakeholders. However, the emergence of social media has opened up new frontiers for citizens, especially for youths who are known to be social media savvy, to engage in political participation. This study investigated the relationship between social media use and University of Ibadan students’ participation during Nigerian political campaigns in 2015. Anchored on the uses and gratification theory, the study used a survey and focus group discussions (FGD) as the research design. Respondents, systematically selected (N = 588) took part in the survey while discussants, purposively selected (N = 24) participated in the FGD. Results revealed that cognitive, social and tension-free needs were motivations for using social media during the 2015 political campaigns by the respondents. Results also showed that there is a significant relationship between social media exposure patterns and students’ participation during the 2015 political campaigns. These results provide an important window of understanding on the relationship between social media use and political participation amongst Nigerian university students and have implications for the political development of Nigeria.Item Communication and peace Building: the 2015 presidential elections in Nigeria(California Institute of Pan African Studies, 2017) Obono, K.; Onyechi, N. J.Using the discursive analytical approach, this paper examines the role of communication in peace building, and describes the pre-election and post-election strategies and interactions that enabled a peaceful environment despite the overwhelming negative campaigns and volatility of the process involving the 2015 Nigerian Presidential election campaigns. Hence, this paper illustrates the communicative behaviour of the contenders and their public display in the media which serve as a model for political peace communication; and points to the power of strategic communication for peace building, which has implications for a violence-free environment, social order and political development in Africa.Item Facebooking ethnicity in the political storytelling of Nigerians(Department of Communication and Language Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 2016) Egbunike, N.; Onyechi, N. J.After the so-called “Arab Spring”, the capacity of social networking sites to change communicative spaces and political landscapes has been studied with increased attention. The #OccupyNigeria Protests and #BringBackOurGirls campaigns manifested the influence of social media on civic engagement of Nigerians. On the other hand, Nigeria as an ethnic fault line state has experienced political tensions of brutish magnitude that have hindered nation building as well. However there is paucity of scholarly investigations that peer into the influence of social media mediated political storytelling in enhancing ethnic stereotypes or galvanizing ethnic cohesion within the context of nation building. This paper investigated the influence of ethnicity on political storytelling of Nigerians on Facebook. This study employed survey by administering online open-ended questionnaires to respondents. Data suggests that respondents' political storytelling was not affected by the ethnicity of their Facebook friends. Findings also showed that the political storytelling of their friends on Facebook was laden with ethnocentrism and that Facebook mediated political storytelling promotes ethnic stereotypes. The findings were discussed based on the meso- storytelling proposition of the Communication Infrastructure Theory, notions of nation building in the African context and reviewed literature on social media.Item Information sources and adoption of exclusive breastfeeding by rural mothers in Anambra state, South-eastern Nigeria(Communication Studies Forum (CSF) Department of Mass Communication, Faculty of Arts, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2016) Ezeneche, O. R.; Onyechi, N. J.The rate of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) remains very low in Nigeria, especially in rural areas, in spite of the spread of information on exclusive breastfeeding. Scholars have identified that adequate information about breastfeeding from information sources can enhance knowledge, attitude and practice among nursing mothers in rural communities. Although previous studies have focused mostly on adoption of EBF, no known studies have been carried out in relation to information sources and EBF among women in Anambra State, South-Eastern Nigeria. This study therefore investigated the influence of information sources on adoption of EBF among nursing mothers in Anambra State, Nigeria. A mixed mode cross sectional survey design was employed in carrying out the study among 211 respondents and 24 discussants comprising women with infants not more than 6 months and residing in the study communities. The results show that health officials (45.5%), radio (32.7%) and television (6.2%) were the main information sources through which respondents were exposed to EBF information. The findings also revealed that EBF practice was very low (25.6%) amdng the mothers and that health officials, faith- based organization (church) and friends were the sources of information that had significant influence on the mothers' adoption of EBF. Information from the FGD also revealed that certain factors act as barriers to the adoption of exclusive breastfeeding among the respondents. They include, among others, cultural beliefs and practices, the belief that breast milk is not enough, financial status, influence of mother, mothers-in-law and other family members and lack of knowledge about the harmful effects of suboptimal breastfeeding. The study established that, although health officials, radio and television are the main sources through which the nursing mothers receive EBF information, EBF information from community-based information sources are more effective in influencing rural nursing mothers to adopt EBF than the mass media. Also, certain factors hinder the adoption of exclusive breastfeeding. Hence, relevant organizations/agencies should utilize community-based information sources more than the mass media to increase the adoption of exclusive breastfeeding. Importantly, efforts should be made at addressing the barriers to the adoption of exclusive breastfeeding.Item Media Use and Knowledge of Cervical Cancer among Women in Delta State Nigeria(Department of Communication and Language Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 2015) Onyechi, N. J.; Ogude, V.The mass media are employed in carrying out campaigns about important health issues such as HIV/AIDS, family planning, drug abuse and diabetes. Although studies have focused on the influence of such campaigns on the general behaviour of the public, there are no documented studies that examined media use and knowledge of cervical cancer among women in Delta State, South-South Nigeria. This study, therefore, investigated media use among women in Delta State, Nigeria in relation to their knowledge of cervical cancer. Survey and in-depth interview (IDI) research designs were employed in carrying out the study. Atotal of 340 respondents and 15interviewees comprising women between the ages of 15 and 50years were purposively selected for the study. The finding revealed no relationship between women's media use and knowledge of cervical cancer. There is urgent need to educate women on cervical cancer as failure to recognize early symptoms contributes to poor prognosis common in Nigerian women. Considering that the mass media have the potential that can be harnessed to provide people with adequate knowledge needed to contain the scourge, organizations/agencies that are involved in health campaigns should consider aggressive use of mass media(radio, television, newspaper and magazine) cervical cancer campaign in order to tackle this menace.Item Nature of tweets in the 2015 Nigerian presidential elections(IGI Global, 2015) Egbunike, N. A.; Ihebuzor, N.; Onyechi, N.Social media is becoming increasingly important as a means for social engagement. In Nigeria, Twitter is employed to convey opinion and make commentaiy on matters ranging from football to politics. Tweets are also used to inform, advocate, recruit and even incite. Previous slttdies have shown that Twitter could be effective for political mobilization. However, there is dearth of research on how Twitter has been used as a purveyor of neutral and/or hate speech in the Nigerian context. This study examined the nature of tweets in the immediate aftermath of the 2015 presidential election in Nigeria. The authors employed content analysis of 250 purposiveiy selected tweets from the #Jgbo hashlag which trended between March 29 and 31, 20! .5. The tweets were then categorized into five explicit hate and one neutral tweet category respectively. Results revealed the dominance of three hate tweet types: derogatoty, mocking and blaming. These findings were then discussed bearing in mind earlier theories on the functionality of tweets and voting patterns from an analysis of the election results.Item Potentials of Social Media for HIV/AIDS Campaign among Nigerian Youths(Association of Media and Communication Researchers of Nigerisa (AMCRON), 2015) Onyechi, N. J.; Obono, K.Youths constitute a vibrant, critical resource input in the development process of any nation. It is, therefore, imperative that their health and wellbeing be safeguarded in the pursuit and sustenance of the socio-economic transformation of any society. With the unabated high prevalence of HIV and AIDS among this age cohort, communication campaigns must be restrategized, diversified and focused on effecting change in the behaviours that predispose young people to HIV infection. Providing youths with requisite information through social media has the potential of stemming the scourge of the virus. The paper critically examines the use of social media as a potentially veritable tool for campaigns aimed at combating the spread of HIV among Nigerian youths.