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Item POLICY DEVELOPMENT IN METHODIST CHURCH NIGERIA, 1962-2020(2023-08) ONOJA, G. O.Policy development, an iterative process designed to help organisations advance policies to make them run efficiently in the realisation of their corporate objectives, is pivotal for organisational success, including the Methodist Church Nigeria (MCN). Existing studies on MCN have focused largely on historical development, renewal movements and doctrinal exegesis, with scant attention paid to its policy development. This study was, therefore, designed to examine policy development in MCN, which was orchestrated by the constitutional reforms from 1962, when the Church was granted autonomy from the British Methodist, to 2020, when the MCN held Constitutional Conference and reviewed the MCN Constitution, 2006. This was with a view to identifying the trends in policy development, its attendant benefits and challenges to the church. Anthony Giddens’ Structuration Theory was adopted as the framework, while the descriptive design was used. The purposive sampling technique was used to select 31 members of the clergy and 33 members of the laity based on their experience on policy issues in MCN. In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 episcopates, seven presbyters, eight priests, two deacons, one deaconess, four evangelists, four lay presidents, 10 stewards, seven fellowship presidents and seven former lay officers because they were involved as policymakers and implementers in the Conference area. Church records and the MCN Constitutions, 1962, 1976, 1990 and 2006, were consulted. The data were thematically analysed. The policy developments in MCN was a reflection of the changing dynamics in administering the church. The Deed of Foundation, 1962, granted the Church autonomy, while the MCN Constitution, 1976, addressed ecumenical matters with the introduction of Episcopacy and the adoption of titles, such as Patriarch, Archbishops and Bishops. The MCN Constitution, 1990, focused on reconciliation and reunification of the church after 14 years of internal crises. The MCN Constitution, 2006, which was in use until 2020 repositioned the church for effective ministry. The benefits derived from the policies include the introduction of new methods, such as the reordering of the ministry, charismatic worship and numerical growth from two districts at autonomy to 80 dioceses in 2020. The policies equally enhanced the national impact of the church in the education and health sectors, while it achieved global relevance in international outreach mission to Gabon, Togo, Dubai, United Kingdom and United States of America. Moreover, MCN’s leadership role in World Methodist Council was firmly established. However, there was the erosion of Methodist heritage and traditions, like simple hierarchies of priesthood and unelaborate liturgy as a result of the policy. There were also the Presidential and Patriarchal conflict from 1976 to 1990; partial implementation of the policies and financial burdens were evident in the irregular payment of Church workers’ salaries. Social change underpinned policies for autonomy, episcopacy and repositioning in Methodist Church Nigeria, from 1962 to 2020, with attendant benefits and challenges. .Item CHRISTIAN CONCEPT OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP AND ITS RELEVANCE TO POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA(2023-08) ODEYALE, A. E.The Christian idea of Servant Leadership (SL), which connotes honouring God and serving humanity (John 13:1-5), is germane to political leadership globally, Nigeria inclusive. Existing studies on leadership concentrated largely on its types, styles and qualities, with scant attention paid to the Christian concept of SL in relation to politics in Oyo State. This study was, therefore, designed to examine the concept of SL from a Christian perspective in the context of political leadership in Oyo State. This was with a view to determining its nature and applicability to governance in the state. Robert Greenleaf’s Theory of Leadership was adopted as the framework, while the phenomenological design was used. The three senatorial districts in Oyo State were enumerated. Convenience sampling was employed to select from each senatorial districts of the local governments: Oyo South (Ibadan North and Ido), Oyo Central (Oyo West and Surulere) and Oyo North (Iseyin and Kajola). In-depth interviews were conducted with 120 purposively selected respondents (60 Christian politicians, 30 members of the clergy and 30 Christians representing the general public across the senatorial districts) based on their involvement in politics in the state. Six sessions of focus group discussions were held with the participants. The data were subjected to thematic analysis. The Christian concept of SL emphasises love for one’s neighbour as oneself, which is central to all laws (Mark 12: 31-32); justice, an important value to liberal political ideal in the fairness of judgment (Amos 5:24); and tolerance, accommodating contrary opinions and giving equal opportunity (2Tessallonians 3: 6-12). The concept stresses transparency, which should manifest in project execution and policy implementation (Nehemiah 5:14-16); and patriotism, which is genuine commitment to the well-being of one’s country and her people (Romans 13: 1-5). Since the creation of Oyo State in 1976, Christians have held many positions of authority, such as governor, deputy governor, speaker of the state assembly and commissioners. Commenting on the governance in the state, Christian politician respondents claimed that, despite the significant involvement of Christians in the state politics, the political atmosphere was laden with negative values, such as selfishness, greed and hatred, which contradict love. There was injustice in the distribution of amenities, as opposed to justice, as well as insensitivity to political differences and opinions, in contradistinction to tolerance; this led to political violence and insecurity. Members of the clergy submitted that there was also alleged corruption in the form of misappropriation and embezzlement of funds, which tainted transparency and engendered inept administration. Nonchalant attitude to development and people’s welfare, in disregard for patriotism, were also identified by the other respondent - Christians representing the general public. All this, culminated in infrastructure decay, like bad roads, schools and hospital facilities across the state, high level of poverty, unemployment, as well as a threat to human value well-being.Contrary to the Christian values inherent in servant leadership, many of the Christians holding political positions in Oyo State did not deploy efficiently those values to foster a favourable political atmosphere in the stateItem THE ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMMES OF MOUNTAIN OF FIRE AND MIRACLES MINISTRIES IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA(2023-08) GBENLE , G. O.Economic Empowerment Programmes (EEPs), which refer to the response of non-governmental and faith-based organisations to the issues of poverty and unemployment, are central to the operations of Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries (MFM). Previous studies on EEPs in Nigeria concentrated largely on empirical relationship between government intervention programmes and poverty alleviation, the European Union and United Nations Millennium Development Goals, with little attention paid to the inputs made by faith-based organisations. This study was, therefore, designed to examine the EEPs of MFM, with a view to determining the form of EEPs, their strategies, impact and challenges in Lagos State, Nigeria. Robert Barro’s Religious Facilitating Economic Empowerment Theory was used as the framework, while the descriptive design was adopted. Purposive sampling was used to select Alimosho, Agege, Amuwo-Odofin, Ikorodu and Lagos-mainland in Lagos State. These were the five places where the MFM’s EEPs were actively and prominently executed. In-depth interviews were conducted with 130 purposively selected respondents: 10 Programme Coordinators (PCs), 25 Pastors, 15 Church members and 80 EEPs beneficiaries. Five sessions of focus group discussions were conducted: two sessions with 10 PCs, one session with five pastors, and two sessions with 15 beneficiaries, comprising (10 men and 20 women). The data were content-analysed. Three EEPs were identified: skill acquisition, financial scheme and vocational empowerment; and four strategies (vocational training, provision of loans, financial grants and distribution of vocational materials) were adopted in executing the programmes. Skill acquisition employed a vocational training strategy to reach out to 553 farmers, 505 fashion designers, 204 caterers, 301 information technologists, 105 food processors, 264 leather processors and 106 bag makers. Financial scheme deployed a provision of 5% interest loan in the range of N50,000.00 to N500,000.00 and reached out to 120 certified applicants. Also, financial scheme adopted the financial grants method and gave out N24,000,000.00 to 80 merchants and 40 retailers. They claimed that the grants were spent to expand their businesses and pay outstanding shop rents. Also, N8,000,000.00 was given to 80 widows to start their 80 poultry businesses. Vocational empowerment used a vocational materials strategy to reach out to 554 certified beneficiaries: 356 industrial sewing machines, 104 leather sewing machines, 20 soap mixers, 42 catering materials, six bead stoning machines, five cameras, three laptops, two photocopiers, 10 food grinding and processing machines, and six cloth dryers. Through the skill acquisition programme, the rate of unemployment among the church members was reduced from 4,850 to 2,038. The financial scheme programme relieved the beneficiaries of depending on the church for their means of livelihood. The vocational empowerment programme promoted financial autonomy for the concerned MFM members. However, inconsistent follow-up of trainees, non-repayment of loans, mismanagement of funds and selling off of empowerment materials by some beneficiaries were reported as major challenges confronting the execution of each of the EEPs. The Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries has contributed to reducing the problem of poverty and unemployment in the Nigerian government through its economic empowerment programmes in Lagos State, Nigeria.Item PHONOTACTICS OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA(2023-08) ABE, E.EPhonotactics, which accounts for sound patterning, is affected by language regression in children with autism. Existing linguistic studies on autism in Nigeria focused mainly on general description of the disorder and developmental challenges. However, little attention was devoted to systematic description of their phonological patterns. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the speech production of autistic children in Lagos State, Nigeria, with a view to describing the phonological processes involved in the production of phonemes and syllables and the constraint ranking responsible for them. Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky’s Optimality Theory served as the framework, while the descriptive design was adopted. The convenience sampling technique was employed to select four special-needs facilities in three local government areas (Amuwo-odofin, Badagry, and Ikeja) of Lagos State. Availability of and accessibility to relevant data necessitated the selection of the facilities. Twenty-four children with autism under the age of 17 years (Amuwo-odofin: 17, Badagry: 2, and Ikeja: 5) accessing the facilities were purposively selected. Speeches of the participants were audio-recorded twice a week for two years. The data were subjected to phonological and acoustic analyses. Three phonological processes were dominant: deletion, substitution and epenthesis. Vowels were generally modified. Deletion was dominant in the rendition of consonants, with the lateral sound /l/ mostly affected. Substitution and epenthesis affected mainly vowels. Central vowels /ᴧ, ɜ, ə/ were strengthened and /ɔ/, /e/, /æ/ were used for each, respectively. Epenthesis was prominent in the realisation of vocalic phonemes, with /ɪ/ and /ə/ substituted as /i:/ and /æ/, respectively. It was also dominant in the articulation of triphthongs /eɪə/ and /ɔɪə/. Monophthongs were either retained or substituted with long or strong vowels. Diphthongs were monophthongised or substituted with stronger versions. Triphthongs were either substituted with diphthongs or epenthesised with an intrusive /j/, creating disyllabic sounds. With regard to syllables, simple onsets were produced comfortably more than complex onsets, while both simple and complex codas were deleted, reduced or produced with great difficulty. Constraint ranking favoured markedness over faithfulness. The constraints responsible for vowels were *SCHWA, NOCODA, NODIPH and *HIATUS. *COMPLEX ONSET and *COMPLEX CODA were the markedness constraints accountable for the simplified outcome of complex onsets, complex codas, open and closed syllables. *HIATUS was ranked above MAX-V for the emergence of minimum syllables. Consonant clusters, especially at coda positions, were reduced or rendered open, as *COMPLEX CODA was preferred above MAX. There were inconsistencies in the intensity values. The values were either abnormally high (73.94dB) or low (52. 89dB). Against a threshold of 63.42dB, their pitch values were either extremely high or low. The phonotactics of autistic children in Lagos State, Nigeria is characterised by simplification of difficult phonemes and syllables through deployment of deletion, substitution and epenthesis. Therefore, multidisciplinary therapists should be employed to improve the treatment and rehabilitation of autistic children.Item Home grown; home inspired: the resilience of traditional hand built pottery production in ijaye, Abeokuta, Southwest Nigeria(2021) Busari,D; Odetoyinbo, ODespite foreign influence and westernisation, the art of traditional hand built pottery persists in some communities across Nigeria. This study conducted in Ijaye, Abeokuta, South-West Nigeria examined the factors responsible for the resilience of simple hand built pottery production. In-depth interviews of potters and residents of Ijaye were used to collect data on the relevance of traditional pottery in terms of production and usage. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using content analysis. Findings indicated that in contemporary times, the pottery wares were used both for traditional and religious practices. Also, the low cost of the wares encouraged its use. The paper concluded that pottery made in Ijaye served as rich cultural portrayals, had economic provisioning, performed religious functions and aesthetic purposes for awide range of people across all levels of the society.Item Sentiments caches : recueil de poemes feministes et autres(Ibadan University Press, Publishing House, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 2023) Olayinka, E. B.Item Behind the curtains. A collection of feminist poems and others(Ibadan University Press, Publishing House, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 2020) Olayinka, E. B.Item And the men backed down! while Deborah led the war(Department of Religious Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2022) Olayinka, E. B.Women of all ages have been major players on world stage. In the course of history, the narrative was manipulated leading to women being marginalised in the scheme of things in the socio-economic and political realms while men take the centre stage. The fields of gender and feminist studies are fertile grounds for the discourse on obliteration of women and their positive contribution to human development. The biblical example of Deborah in the book of Judges was used in the discussion of this theme. A critical analysis of Deborah's contributions to the restoration of Israel to God and its socio-political development was undertaken deploying Judith Butler's theory of performativity. This paper foregrounds that the basis for classifying women as subservient to the male gender in all endeavours of life is unfounded. Even though malestreaming of human endeavours is somewhat intractable, recent discoveries in the fields of gender and feminist studies are exposing the facticity of female performance of acts that male supremacist cultures fail to credit to amazons from antiquity to modem days.Item Morphing restrictive gender roles into performative gender roles in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s hibiscus pourpre(Department of Religious Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., 2021-06) Olayinka, E. B.Through feminist literature and other forms of feminist endeavours to institutionalise gender equality, the notion of biology is destiny as identified by the social and natural sciences has come under the attack of feminists. Debunking the stereotyping of women and assignation and restriction of specific gender roles to specific sex whereby certain roles are christened as women’s roles and certain others as men’s roles is part of this feminist project. In Hibiscus Poupre, Chimamanda Adichie weaves in the flexibility of roles to engage with the theme of gender roles and performativity. From what she demonstrates, the fixity of gender roles through decades of cultural construction can be deconstructed and reconstructed to foster harmony among the genders. Womanism as a theory that focuses on complementarity of gender roles is used to interrogate and x-ray the subtle ways in which the author downplays gender role stereotyping and brings to the fore the pivotal roles of African Women using Igbo ethos construct as model. Under the pretext of being a practising Catholic, Eugene, Tatie Ifeoma’s biological brother, neglects the care of his aged father whom he accuses of idolatry. He thus jettisons the traditional roles expected of a male child in Igbo society. The female, Tatie Ifeoma is seen laden with the responsibilities that the male child fails to carry out traditionally. Within her household, chores are shared between male and female children without pigeonholing of roles. Every member of the family diligently carries out their responsibilities without reference to whether a particular chore is meant for female or male. This is seen to be one of the core factors for harmony in Tatie Ifeoma’s household where the latter, a widow and poorly paid faculty at the University of Nsukka, plays the family head. In conclusion, emphasises that gender performativity is not typecast. The author demonstrates how Western religion is used to obliterate and suppress traditional African religions and their practitioners. Gender role iteration is also allowed in reversed order to deconstruct conventional tradition of allocating roles based on gender.Item Traumatisme postcolonial et activation des mecanismes de defense pour la survie dans La prisonniere de Malika Oufkir(Une publication de, L'Association Nigeriane des Enseignants universitaires de français (ANEUF), 2021-10) Olayinka, E. B.Le traumatisme, un concept preponderant dans le domaine psychanalytique, est un theme recurrent dans Vecriture d'incarceration. Les ecrivains africains mettent en evidence le traumatisme auquel les victimes d'incarceration sont susceptibles. Dans les dijferents concepts de la psychanalyse, les mecanismes defensifs aident les victimes de s situations menagantes a attenuer les tensions qui en resultent. Cette communication s'interroge sur la capacite des Oufkir a s'outiller des mecanismes de defense dans La Prisonniere ou Vauteur, Malika Oufkir, narre passionnement le traumatisme subi par sa famille aux mains du pouvoir monarchique suite a Vattentat echoue mene par son pere, le feu General Oufkir. A Vaide de la theorie du traumatisme et le concept de mecanisme de defense, Vetude cherche a dissequer revocation litteraire des experiences traumatiques des personnages incarceres et la possibilite de mener une vie equilibree apres leurs trajectoires dans les goulags grace a Vapplication des mecanismes defensifs appropries. Pretant sa voix a la denonciation des malaises socio-politiques et economiques issus d'un despotisme qui regne en Afrique du Nord postcoloniale, le roman etablit I'afjmite de la maltraitance des individus qui se reunissent contre les regimes dictatoriaux par tout en Afrique. Dans la tentative de mettre a la lumiere des projecteurs sur Vautobiographie passionnante de cette auteure peu connue au sud du Sahara, il sort aux yeux que Voeuvre contient un vrai tableau des memoires de prison des Oufkir condamnes aux prisons de 1972 a 1991.