FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT

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A review of public procurement act and its implementation in ondo state, Nigeria
(West Africa Built Environment Research (WABER) Conference, 2017) Omotola, A.; Odeyale, T. O.; Fagbemi, K.
In most developing countries across Africa, the adoption of good governance practices has taken considerable long time to take root, even though good governance mechanism promises enhanced rapidity of economic growth and sustainable development. This seems to be the experience of Nigeria and her federating states in the case of the public procurement reform agenda. While the Federal government of Nigeria has tried to adopt a public procurement regime to achieve the goal of good governance, most of the 36 federating states seem uninterested. The study is an expository analysis on the problems of adopting public procurement processes by federating states in Nigeria using Ondo State as case study. This study also traces the evolution of Nigeria’s public procurement systems from the pre-existent traditional till the Public Procurement act 2007 and charting the way forward for domestication by the federating units (States). The study used a methodology based on cáse study analysis, it focuses on the problems of adopting public procurement processes by federating states in Nigeria. It employed both primary and secondary sources of data. The primary data were sourced through informal random opinión survey targeted mostly at the stakeholders, using the opportunity of the Tenders Days in selected Government MDAs. The secondary data were primarily government publications, Treasury Circulars, Daily Newspapers, Public Procurement Act and Manual. Finding from the study revealed that so'me federating states have out-rightly refused to adopt public procurement regime as a good governance mechanism due to lack of political will, negligence and corruption which are bañe towards the full adoption of best practice and sustainable development. It concludes by encouraging a competitive environment for public procurement and ensuring maximal autonomy of the procurement process regulators.
Actor network theory, construction of meanings and some aspects of non-ordered space: exploring the boundaries of responsive built environment
(2015) Odeyale, T. O.
This article examines the processes of transformation of the architecture and spatial character of a Nigerian city, in the planning and delivery of a sustainable built environment. It examines the inter-dependency or relationship between the traditional market space and the city which is constantly being challenged, adapted and simultaneously undermined by the city’s rapid growth and modernisation. The process of change towards modernisation led to the demolition of existing traditional market structures.to give way to ‘modern’ ones without any reference to the ritualistic or cultural significance of these markets or the interests of market users. Using methodological tools provided by combination of Actor Network theory (ANT) and interpretive anthropology in gaining insight into how various actants in the built marketplace, live and interact together to shape the city. This article traces historical changes in the surrounding urbanscape of the market, in particular the location of developments, many originating from the colonial period, of adjacent or nearby civic/commercial buildings and educational institutions and their impact on the life of the city and market over time. Findings suggest that the meanings attached to the market and its built environment has not only changed on several levels from the symbolic, sacred, religious use to commercial and mundane one, but also has taken on new sp'atial forms due to the activities of the various actors which is predicated on their worldview. The article conpludes that theoretical and cultural interpretation impacts the physical marketplace, its form, character and spatiality; this must itself be understood as an agent or actant in the struggle, in as much as it both enables and constrains human activities.
Actor Network, Conflict and the Commodification of Planning: Role of Traditional Food Markets in Shaping the Built Environment of Akure Metropolis, Nigeria
(2015) Odeyale, T. O.; Fagbemi, K.; Olalekan, K.; Adetunji, O.
This article examines the processes of transformation of the architecture and spatial character of a Nigerian city, in the planning and delivery of a sustainable built environment. It examines the inter-dependency or relationship between the traditional market space and the city which is constantly being challenged, adapted and simultaneously undermined by the city’s rapid growth and modernisation. The process of change towards modernisation led to the demolition of existing traditional market structures.to give way to ‘modern’ ones without any reference to the ritualistic or cultural significance of these markets or the interests of market users. Using methodological tools provided by combination of Actor Network theory (ANT) and interpretive anthropology in gaining insight into how various actants in the built marketplace, live and interact together to shape the city. This article traces historical changes in the surrounding urbanscape of the market, in particular the location of developments, many originating from the colonial period, of adjacent or nearby civic/commercial buildings and educational institutions and their impact on the life of the city and market over time. Findings suggest that the meanings attached to the market and its built environment has not only changed on several levels from the symbolic, sacred, religious use to commercial and mundane one, but also has taken on new sp'atial forms due to the activities of the various actors which is predicated on their worldview.
Actor-network, conflict and the commodification of planning: Role of traditional food markets in shaping the built environment
(ELSEVIER, 2020) Odeyale, T. O.
This paper examines the processes of transformation of the architecture and spatial character of a Nigerian city, in (he planning and delivery of a sustainable built environment. It examines the intei dependency ot relationship between the traditional market space and the city which is constantly being challenged, adapted and simultaneously undermined by the city’s rapid growth and modernisation. Therefore, the meanings attached to the market and its built environment has not only changed on several levels front tire symbolic, sacred, religious use to commercial and mundane one but also has taken on new spatial forms in sustaining the life of the city due to the activities of tire various actors which is predicated on their worldview. Tire paper provides a detailed examination of the geographical location of the old mar ket built environment, in r elation to the expansion of the city over tittte. It traces historical changes hr the surrounding urban scape of the market, in particular, the location of developments, marry originating front tire colonial period, and their httpact on tire life of tire marker over time. It relates, how these historical relationships are registered both topographically and spatially providing supporting visual material such as maps and developmental plans. This paper fur ther expatiates on the understanding of negotiation and conflict that ensued during the inter action within the material environment of the city through the pr ism of the role of actors (government officials, users, planners, politicians) involved with the built marketplace in the snrdy area. Analyses provided through interpretive anthropology which is synchronic in nature (focus at events in a slice of rime) and those provided by Actor Network Theory (ANT) that is diachronic (focus on dynamic events through tune), i.e. anthropology focuses more ort the “static" past whereas ANT focuses on the activities of the actants in “dynamic" or "real-time". The paper concludes that theoretical and cultural interpretation impacts the physical mar ketplace, its form, character, and spatiality; this must itself be understood as an agent or actant in the struggle, in as much as it both enables and constrains human activities.
Architects’ role in the shaping of innovative adaptable buildings in a sustainable built environment
(Cambridge Research and Publications International, 2015) Olalekan, K.; Odeyale, T. O.
The drive of every sociological study is to explore the changes that are taking place in society and what direction these transformations will take in the future. It must be noted that construction and technological issues demands a sociological explanation, hence the thrust of the study. The research is aimed at opening up new perspectives on the behaviour of architects and the workings of its social institutions. To discover general social pattern that emerges from individual or group actions and interactions of designers; which underpins new technological adoption. The research methods employed include examination of practised based case studies and interview in the adoption of innovative adaptable technologies in shaping a sustainable future for the built environment. Review of literatures carried out affirm the necessity for further investigations into the underlying socio-cultural dimensions at play in the formation of sustainable built environment in Sub Saharan Africa which include the prevailing local cultures. The paper conclude that adequate decision support mechanism and information is imperative to aid architects, designers, built environment practitioners and policy makers alike.
Building Tradition, Slum and Housing the Urban Poor: An Exploratory- Study
(JIC Local Organising Committee, 2016) Odeyale, T. O.; Fagbemi, K.
In most developing countries today, the provision of housing is grossly inadequate, coupled with the fact that the available housing falls below the standard of appropriate habitable models. This is so despite decades of direct government intervention in the housing sector. It is estimated that more than 50 percent of the urban population in the developing countries lives at the level of extreme poverty. The adoption by the United Nations General Assembly of the Global Strategy for Shelter to the Year 2000 (GSS) in 1988 implied a global recognition of the severity of the housing problem in the developing and underdeveloped countries. There is the need to address these gross inadequacies in terms of quantity and quality of housing provided. According to the Nigeria population census figures of 2006, Nigeria has over 140 million people (currently estimated to be 173.6 million in 2015); placing it as the most populous country in Africa, Many of this population are found living in the major urban centres, with over 70 per cent classified as living under poor and inadequate condition of housing. The paper, using case study approach, explores the issues surrounding the provision of adequate housing in a millennium city of Akure, Nigeria. It made use of data and information collected from both primary and secondary sources. Data were collected through physical investigation of poor inner- city neighbourhoods of the study area; stating some of the findings as framework for the design of future developmental policy. In conclusion, the paper argues for a rethink of policies and increase in investment in the built environment to positively alleviate the adverse housing condition.
Culture And Human Development: City Dynamics And Its Historical Heritage In Akure
(2006) Odeyale, T. O.
Culture has to do with the beliefs of the people, which may be tangible or intangible. Culture and human development are actively related. Technological development viewed from a broad perspective may be development from above or development from below. The development from above has its roots in the neo-classical economic theory. The development from below on the other hand, focuses on the maximum mobilization of the natural, human and institutional resources, with the primary objective being the satisfaction of the basic need of the inhabitants under review. This paper critically examines the historical antecedent of some Yoruba communities in respect of their cultural identities, heritages and monuments, using Akure as a case study. This will help to fathom the rate of changes that had occurred from the past 50 years, in order to elicit vital lessons useful for the present
Culture and the Environment: The City Dynamics and Historical Heritage of Akure, Ondo State
(Ijinle Asa, 2009) Odeyale, T.O.; Kayode, F.
This paper posits that culture and the environment coexist to reflect and accommodate the way of life of a people. The two phenomena like siamese twins are closely knit together. Human development viewed from two categories may be from above or below. The former has its root in the neo-classical economic theory while the latter focuses on the maximum mobilization of each area's natural, human and institutional resources. The paper extensively examines the historical antecedent of Akure as one of the examples of ancient Yoruba cities which have dynamic culture, taboos, identities and historical heritage. It also looks into the parametres that brought dynamic changes to the development of the city in the past fifty years.
Culture, technology and sustainable development: a rational utilization of the nigerian built environment
(2007) Fadamiro, J. A.; Odeyale, T.O.
The paper sought to discuss the meaning and essence of technology and culture in the management and sustainability of the built environment. It enumerates the urban development process, concept of sustainability as it affects the quality of the built environment. It examines in details, the principles and values of culture as indicators for the sustainability of the environment. The paper concludes by recommending for the enactment and enforcement of relevant policies with adequate education of the entire people and the involvement of all the stakeholders in the management of the environmental programmes taking absolute cognizance of the people’s culture
Design toolkits for campus open spaces from post-occupancy evaluations of federal universities in South-west Nigeria
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018) Adedeji, J. A.; Fadamiro, J. A.; Odeyale, T. O.
Purpose - Participatory design strategy through post-occupancy evaluation of built assets is a feedback mechanism into the design process. This paper draws upon a wider empirical study that aims at evaluating the University Campus Open Spaces (UCOS) of six federal universities in South-west Nigeria. The purpose of this paper is to generate evidence-based design toolkits for UCOS towards spanning of disconnects between designers and users thereby revisiting and revitalizing their design criteria. Design/methodology/approach - A sample (n = 3,016) of users was drawn in a cross-sectional survey through stratified random method. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire in multiple choice and Likert-type scales. The data obtained were subjected to statistical techniques. Findings - Results show that males use the UCOS for active and passive recreation than females. The UCOS are male dominated because the females have higher concerns for lack of safety and inclement weather. Both genders have equal preference for sitting. “Group academic” activities are at peak in the “afternoon”, while “being alone” takes place in the “evening” and “personal academic” in the “morning”. Safety is primary to zoological and botanical gardens. Social interaction spaces enhance successful recreation parks. Coherence and legibility are the highest cognitive satisfaction factors for pedestrian sidewalks. Practical im plications - The research generated design requirements for UCOS, and it is important for informing better design solutions in the future. Originality/value - The results are synthesized into three-in-two new frameworks to guide future design actions for innovative strategies between design and use/operational phases
Effect of Air Pollution from Pedestrian Traffic in an Open Market: A Case Study of Bodija Market, Nigeria
(International Information and Engineering Technology Association (IIETA), 2020-11) Oladejo, O. J.; Odeyale, T. O.; Adiamo, B. R.
Market air quality is very important to the economic lives of the people which is rarely researched, however, market activities particularly pedestrian traffic releases particulates which is detrimental to the health of the users and stakeholders. Thermo scientific MIE pDR1500 particulate was used to monitor the quality of air within the market for eight (8) weeks, air pollutant of concern is PM2.5. Ten (10) sample points were located in the market which covers ten (10) sample points for pedestrian traffic to represent the entire market environment spectrum. The analysis of PM2.5 measured daily during dry and wet season shows a clear seasonal variation of this particular pollutant as elevated concentration was measured during the dry season than the wet season. The assessment of PM2.5 concentration shows exceedances of the standards stated by WHO and NAAQS during the dry season which ranges from 47.9 μg/m3 - 231.88 μg/m3 in the morning and 65.17 μg/m3 - 1806.33 μg/m3 in the afternoon. From the findings, pedestrian traffic contributes immensely to air pollution in an open market, with this elevated concentration, prolonged exposure is highly detrimental to health. This study creates awareness to the pedestrians in an open market about air pollution and informs policy changes.
Emerging trends in computer aided design: focus on virtual reality as a tool in architectural education
(AARCHES J, 2007) Odeyale, T. O.; Balogun, V. F.
Various efforts in the industry and academia are underway to explore the possible benefits of Virtual Reality (VR) in construction. This paper provides an overview of recent amples of successful adoption of VR technology as applications in construction. The paper also provides an outline of what Virtual Reality (VR) is, and presents a work jointly carried out at the Departments of Architecture and Computer Science of the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA). The aim of the joint research is to investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of” virtual reality drawing at all stages o f a project, from initial conceptual design through detailed design, planning and preparation, to construction completion. The methodology employed was the critical examination of different building project drawings developed by the use of different computer aided drawing software such as AutoCAD, and comparing them with drawings generated by virtual reality software packages such as Vizx3D modeler. The result obtained shows that VR software provides avenue for easy manipulation of the drawing details thereby increasing the management of the construction process
Evidence-Based Design of University Zoological Gardens: A Perception Study in South-west Nigeria
(2018) Adedeji, J. A.; Fadamiro, J. A.; Odeyale, T. O.
Evidence-based design (EBD) has become an acceptable paradigm in environmentbehaviour endeavours in recent years with documented benefits especially in healthcare facilities. However, little is known of its application to University Campus Open Spaces (UCOS) like University Zoological Gardens (UZGs) which accounts for the repetition of design mistakes. This study aims to assess the UZGs as a major component of UCOS in South-west Nigeria with a view to formulating EBD frameworks. It adopts a comparative post-occupancy evaluation (POE) approach through a Stratified Random Sampling protocol of users (n=3,016) of the gardens in Federal Universities in South-west Nigeria. Results of the quantitative data analyses suggest that while walk-ability is a primary satisfaction factor among thirty design considerations in the formulated model, legibility is the most primary cognitive factor for designing perceptible high quality UZGs. The study argues in favour of the developed framework as design tool-kit and recommends its application as a feedback input into the design process of UZGs
Exploring New Directions for the Transformation of the Built Environment in Nigeria: The Role of Building Information Modeling
(IISTE, 2016) Odeyale, T. O.; Olalekan, K.; Fagbemi, K.; Abraham, S.
Building Information Modelling (BIM) offers an alternative and better method of handling information for integrated project delivery approach to that of the traditional fragmented method of collaboration in the built environment. This paper is aimed at assessing the awareness and the prospects of adopting BIM in the professional Architectural practices in Nigeria using Akure as a case study. The rate of urbanisation and transformation of the built environment in the face of globalisation, calls for a new direction in the processing and handling of building information. This is particularly necessary as the current business model is inadequate for maximum productivity. The field investigation focused on determining the current business model of selected Architectural practice as well as assessing their awareness of Building Information Modelling and whether or not professionals are going to adopt it soon. The findings showed that the method of collaboration among professionals remain fragmented, the use of 3D software and even BIM software is limited to just 3D visualization and plan details. The study revealed that despite a good number of respondents already conscious of the benefit of using a BIM tool; their overall approach to project delivery remains fragmented. Awareness of the concept of BIM was a little above average among respondents but BIM implementation in professional practice is very low. It was discovered that challenges faced by respondents in the adoption of BIM is predicated on the attitudinal disposition of other professionals with whom they work and exchange building information with. These professionals do not work with BIM and coupled with inadequate knowledge of staff in the adoption of BIM workflow. The paper concluded that Building Information Modelling (BIM) has greater advantage than the existing traditional practice involving 2D drafting. BIM also has the inherent ability to foster integrated project delivery by creating a common platform for all professionals to work simultaneously on a project thereby minimising costly design and construction errors
Innovative and sustainable local material in traditional African architecture: Socio cultural dimension
(2008) Odeyale, T. O.; Adekunle, T. O.
Local materials are the resources that can be found readily in large quantity at a particular location or area at a certain time. It could also be referred to as materials that can be used to fabricate a finished element. These materials however could be abundant in some area but not available in another. The availability may largely be dependent on geographical location of the area as well as the chemical and physical components of such materials. The paper critically appraises some local material available in south west Nigeria. The investigation revealed such materials as laterite, textile, bamboo, mosaic, mats stones, dye, timber, tusks, snail shell, cow dung, cowries cane and mud. These materials are cheap relative to the imported materials from outside the country. The neglect of these readily available materials should be discouraged. The paper also suggests practical and innovative ways for designers, architects and manufacturers which can serve as an alternative source of material and yet sustainable; and in the long run profitable for all concern. Proper inventory, investments, packaging and modernization can help generate much needed foreign exchange and serve as promotion of the local culture. Close attention must be paid to the sustainable methods and means of using these materials for the good of all. Diagrams, pictures, plates and their application of these materials are also showcased in the paper.
Marketing the Tourism Potentials of Owo Community for the Development of Ondo State, Nigeria
(2012) Olugbamila, O. B.; Omole, F. K.; Omosulu, S. B.; Soyinka, O. A.; Odeyale, T. O.; Olufayo, O.; Akinrinmade, O.
The aim of this study is to identify the tourism potentials in Owo Community and their contribution to the socioeconomic development of the people. The study made use of purposive sampling method. Systematic random sampling was used to administer questionnaires at interval of 10lh respondents targeted at house hold heads. The results show that the level of patronage of tourism potentials in Owo is relatively high as revealed by the data collected. The impacts of tourism potentials in the study area included boosting of income, employment and business. The study concludes that tourism potentials in Owo community has high patronage and has positive impact on people’s socio-economic lives, but there are many challenges facing the sector in the study area. Some of which are lack of accommodation, lack of awareness, inadequate water supply, lack of support by both Local and State governments for both Igogo and Ero festivals. The study recommends proper funding of Owo Museum by the federal government as well as appropriate packaging and marketing of Igogo and Ero festivals to meet international standards among other recommendations.
Millennium development goals: impact of sustainability discourses, conflict and inter-governmental actions on the built environment
(Cambridge Research and Publications International, 2015) Odeyale, T. O; Olalekan, K.
As part of the Millennium Cities initiative, organized by Earth Institute of Columbia University USA, Akure, Nigeria was selected as one of the cities in Sub-Saharan Africa to be assisted in achieving the millennium development goals (MDGs). Other cities selected in Sub-Saharan Africa include Kisumu. (Kenya); Blantvre. (Malawi); Kumasi, (Ghana); Bamako. (Mali); Sezou, (Mali); Kaduna, (Nigeria) and Mekelle. (Ethiopia). It is necessary to point out that this initiative focuses more on inter-governmental actions than tackling the source of the developmental problem of the cities involved in the initiative. Using a mixed methodological approach, which included participant observation and structured interviews by means of convenience and snowball sampling methods administered in the study area. According to the aim of the project it is to promote investment from overseas (capitalist) companies, create employment and help in the domestic affairs of the cities involved. This paper examine the impact of the MDGs on the built environment and critique these ‘lofty ideas' which has failed to address the local, regional and cultural specificity of the location; and which has not been productive in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper concludes that the desire for an integrated city cannot be
Reflections on the Impact of Urban Sprawl on the Architecture of the City: Lessons from Benin City, Nigeria
(Forum Geografi, 2023) Odeyale, T. O.
This paper focuses on Benin City, Nigeria, as a case study to explore urban sprawl and its associated problems resulting from unplanned and uncontrolled spatial expansion. Informal settlements house approximately 45% of Nigeria's urban population, leading to land and environmental challenges. The study aims to investigate how sustainable development goals can be realized through efficient, sustainable planning and urban design concepts, focusing on managing urban sprawl in the city. The methodology comprises a literature review, a field investigation of unplanned or squatter settlements in a selected part of Benin City through the administration of 201 questionnaires, and an analysis of its developments and physical transformations. Understanding the issues of urban sprawl arising from the rapid spatial expansion of Benin City is crucial for achieving a well-organized, planned, orderly, and sustainable environment. This paper provides valuable insights and information to facilitate effective urban planning in the study area. Additionally, it offers guidance to practitioners and developers on adopting sustainability measures in their projects. The findings of this study contribute to expanding the knowledge horizon and serve as a reference for further research on spatial expansion and the incidence of sprawl in urban centers throughout Nigeria.
Revisiting curriculum design in architectural education in Nigeria: the information technology factor.
(2012) Olotuah, O. A.; Adedeji, D. M. Y; Odeyale, T. O.
Architectural education has had a chequered history of half a Century in Nigeria. The British bequeathed the curriculum of architectural training, as indeed the entire Nigerian educational system. The architecture programmers in Nigerian Schools of architecture, though fashioned after the British and/or American model, are tailored to meet the nation’s socio-economic needs and cultural values within the general context of the Nigerian Nations; Policy on Education. The adequacy of the curriculum in responding to the. changing technological and socio-economic situation of She country and global trends has suggested continual appraisal in recent times. The advances in technology, especially information technology, have mads a re-direction in architectural education in Nigeria imperative. This paper critically appraises this development as the use of the computer has made tremendous inroads into architectural practice in the country. JS reports findings on the authors’ research on the influence of Computer-Aided’ Design (CAD) on architectural practice in Nigeria, shelving that only 30% of practicing architects began So us® -CAD software during their course of architecture!-study. It asserts that the absence of,- or inadequate CAD training in schools of Architecture in Nigeria, has significantly affected the. performance off architects in practice. The paper proffers recommendations on curriculum ' re-design to meet the challenges of information technology, in Nigeria.
Social and cultural construction of healthy city in subsaharan africa: a case study of urban conflicts and modernisation agenda in ondo state, Nigeria
(Cambridge Publications and Research International, 2015) Odeyale, T. O; Olalekan, K.
This paper examines the processes of transformation of the architecture and spatial character of a Nigerian city, in the achievement of a healthy and sustainable built environment. Objectives: It investigates the conflicts, tensions and negotiations that take place between those city dwellers embedded in the context of traditions and those pursuing a modernization agenda at a time when new infrastructures (hospitals, food markets and Automobile Markets) are being introduced in Akure. The study demonstrates that in order to understand how the built marketplace is made, unmade and reassembled, it is necessary to know how the worldviews of market users, sellers and policymakers are both culturally and socially constructed. Method Used: Interpretive anthropology and Actor Network Theory are used to explore the unwritten ritual practices, persistent traditional values, conflicts and socio-cultural transformations that underlie the physical built environment in which the health and social facilities are located. Findings: The research shows that the character of the built environment and social infrastructures within the city is not simply an outcome of national decision making, but is driven by the cultural preferences and diverging social interests of ‘actants ’ as they negotiate the process of change between tradition and modernity and make choices.