FACULTY OF PHARMACY

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/271

Browse

End date: 2019Subject: search.filters.subject.Antibiotics

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Bacteriological and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of bacterial Isolates from creams and lotions hawked in Sagamu, Ogun State
    (Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2010) Osungunna, M. O.; Oluremi, B. B.; Adetuyi, A.
    Fifteen cosmetic products, consisting of 10 creams and 5 lotions were randomly purchased from a local market in sagamu and their microbial qualities studied in addition to the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of different isolates obtained from the selected creams and lotions. While only one of the creams was devoid of any microorganism including fungi, organisms isolated from others include Staphylococcus aureus 38%; Klebsiella, 28%; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 21%; Bacillus spp, 7% and Penicillium, 28%. Antibiotic sensitivity study reveals that these isolates displayed different sensitivity patterns to the antibiotics used but cotrimoxazole, tetracycline and nalidixic acid will be of assistance in case of infection from these cosmetic products. However, majority of the creams and lotions evaluated did not meet the official monograph’s requirements and as such may be a potential health hazard to unsuspecting consumers moreso that all the isolates display some degree of resistance to various antibiotics used.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A preliminary investigation of prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamases among enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry farms in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (Nigeria Association of Pharmacists in Academia (NAPA), 2015) Ayeni, F. A.; Olujobi, O. F.; Alabi, O. S.
    Background: -Antibiotic resistance and extended spectrum beta–lactamase (ESBL) producing enterobacteriaceae are global health concerns and major problems for the treatment of different infections caused by enterobacteriaceae. Objective: -This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of phenotypically identified ESBL producers in enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from poultry farms in Ibadan. Material and Methods: Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from faecal samples of 45 chickens from 3 farms in Ibadan, Nigeria. The E. coli strains in the isolates were identified by biochemical methods. The susceptibility of all enterobacteriaceae strains to selected β lactam antibiotics were tested by disc diffusion method. ESBL production was tested by double disk synergy test and MIC determination (8–512 μg/ml) Results: - A total of 40 Enterobacteriaceae strains were isolated and 20 of the strains were identified as E. coli while 20 were tagged other Enterobacteriaceae strains. The E. coli strains were generally susceptible to tested antibiotics while other Enterobacteriaceae were relatively resistant. All the tested Enterobacteriacea were susceptible to cefepine. 15% of E.coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulaniz and 38.9% of other Enterobacteriaceace isolates were resistant to cefoxitin. 5% of E. coli strains and 25% of other Enterobacteriaceae produced ESBL with concentration range of ˂8 μg/ml and >512μg/ml for antibiotics used singly and in combination with clavulanic acid respectively. Conclusions: - This study showed low occurrence of ESBL in E. coli strains but relatively high occurrence in other Enterobacteriaceae in poultries in Ibadan, Nigeria.. Therefore, there is need to control the use of antibiotics in poultry feeds and livestock production.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus and resistance pattern of its clinical strains to beta-lactam antibiotics
    (2014-05) Ayeni, F. A.; Olatunji, D. F.||Ogunniran, M.
    Staphylococcus aureus is the leading overall cause otf nosocomial infections with increasing resistance to β lactam antibiotics. This study was carried out to study the current resistant/susceptibility pattern of S. aureus to β lactam antibiotics and prevalence of Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in the studied population. Clinical isolates of S. aureus strains were collected from Medical Microbiology Unit of University College Hospital, Ibadan between May and October, 2012. The isolates were confirmed through growth on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) and tube coagulase test. The susceptibility / resistance pattern of the S. aureus strains to antibiotics were tested by disc diffusion method. Fifty studied S. aureus strains were highly resistant to Amoxycillin (92%), Aztreonam (70%), but high susceptibility was observed to Imipenem (90%), Cefotaxime (62%), Ceftazidine (50%), Cefoxitin (66%), Ceftriazone (52%), Amoxycillin/Clavulanic acid (50%), S. aureus strains (42%) that were resistant to amoxicillin were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid while 34% of the studied S. aureus strains were MRSA. The relatively high prevalence of MRSA in the studied S. aureus strains call for surveillance studies and implementation policies in control of MRSA. Cephalosporins are still relatively effective for treatment of S. aureus infections. The observed synergy in this study between imipenem and aztreonam is an indication that combine therapy of imipenem and aztreonam will lead to enhanced antimicrobial activity of aztreonam.