scholarly works

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Application of geographic information systems to management of municipal solid waste depots in Lagos Island Local Government Area of Lagos State
(Scottish journal of arts, social sciences and scientific studies, 2013) Wahab, B.; Ojolowo, S. K.
The nature of socio-economic transactions taking place in Lagos Island every day makes solid waste management challenges more acute. These transactions generate large volume of waste which has become an environmental challenge because of poor refuse management strategies which do not match the rate of refuse generation. This study examines the underlying factors militating against efficient control of solid waste collection in Lagos Island by applying geographic information systems and conventional qualitative and quantitative research techniques to proffer possible solutions. A set of structured questionnaire was administered on 240 households in the six wards in Lagos Island that had waste depots to collect information on the mode of storage, transportation to communal waste depots and methods of disposal of solid waste in the area. However, only 215 copies (89%) of the questionnaire were retrieved for analysis. Digital analyses such as nearest neighbour, buffering, overlay and distance measurement were carried out with the aid of ArcMap 9.3 to reveal the geographical locations of solid waste depots, the spatial pattern of distribution, and distances covered by residents and traders to dispose solid waste. The existing 13 designated refuse depots were found to be grossly inadequate to facilitate effective evacuation of solid waste in Wards A, B, and C, while D, E, and F and G did not have waste bins. In the three wards where waste bins were provided, the distances of more than 200m between respondents’ residences and waste depots, as well as the complete absence of waste depots in others, encouraged patronage of illegal refuse collectors who disposed refuse indiscriminately. It is recommended that public awareness campaign be heightened and sustained and additional communal solid waste depots provided in Lagos Island to facilitate accessibility and reduce the distance usually covered by residents and traders to dispose refuse. This will promote prompt and healthy disposal of solid waste in Lagos Island and prevent possible incidence of enteric ailments
Application of indigenous knowledge to flood prevention and management
(African journal of sustainable development, 2012) Wahab, B.; Ojolowo, S. K.
"In the last three decades, flooding has become a nightmare associated with rainfall in all the continents of the world, as it records heavy casualties everywhere and each time it occurred. Flooding is now a big and seemingly unstoppable environmental threat to rural and urban settlements, in both developed and developing countries, regardless of their topographic traits (mountainous or lowland) and locations (coastal or landlocked). It is no longer limited to coastal communities, such as Vancouver, Bangkok and Manila or Lagos, Port-Harcourt, Warri, Sapele, Calabar, and Yenagoa in Nigeria, as many residents of landlocked cities, towns, and villages have been killed and properties destroyed by flash flood. Flooding has Significantly impacted peoples' housing, transportation, electricity, water and sanitation infrastructure, food and livelihood security. Engineering measures to address the effects of flooding through the provision of hydraulic structures seem inadequate. Indigenous knowledge (IK) has been practiced in rural communities over time to address disasters and it has been found to be effective in the protection of the lives and properties of the people and communities. This paper examines the application of indigenous knowledge to flood control and management in urban and rural communities in different parts -of the world. It reviews the traditional rain prediction and flood control mechanisms as well as the coping and adaptation strategies practiced in the communities as reflected in their IK. The paper argues that it is imperative to augment western flood control practices with indigenous load prediction and management skills to achieve sustainable flood prevention and control."
Attitude towards public transport infrastructure use and maintenance in Nigeria
(Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology (NITT), Zaria-Nigeria, 2013) Ipingbemi, O
Infrastructure is indispensable to the socio-economic development of any nation. Transportation infrastructure is even more critical because the functioning of other infrastructures depend on it. However, the condition of some of the transport infrastructure particularly public transport infrastructure is appalling due to neglect, poor maintenance and the attitude of the citizens using them. For instance, refuse are dumped into drains, walkways converted to parking lots while road shoulders serve as platform for drying food stuffs, especially in rural communities. Roads are cut for water pipes, electricity and mobile phone cables without adequate repair. This aggravates the spate of deterioration of these facilities. The runways, rail tracks and jetties are not left due to long years of neglect. The paper calls for shared responsibility among the citizens, community and government in ensuring adequate maintenance of public transport infrastructure in Nigeria.
The August 2011 flood in Ibadan, Nigeria: anthropogenic causes and consequences
(International journal of disaster risk science, 2012) Agbola, B.S.; Ajayi, O.; Taiwo, O.J.; Wahab, B.W.
Determining when and where flood strikes can be a daunting task. Apart from heavy and prolonged rainfalls and river overflows, there are anthropogenic causal factors of flooding. These anthropogenic factors are significantly variable and exacerbate floods, but may be difficult to measure. This study aims to unravel some of the anthropogenic factors, particularly with respect to their contributions to the flood in Ibadan City on 26 August 2011. Data were collected through structured questionnaire and key informant interviews. The August 2011 Ibadan flood was perhaps the worst in the history of this ancient city. Twelve anthropogenic factors are broadly identified as having contributed to the flood and the flood had five major consequences. Some policy implications that can help prevent future flood occurrence are outlined.
Building clean cities in Nigeria: an overview
(Nigerian institute of town planners, 2014) Wahab, B.O.
The burden of hospitalization of road crash victims in a secondary health care facility in Oyo, Nigeria
(Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, 2011-12) Ipingbemi, O; Dandy, O. A
The study examined the hospitalization burden of road crash (injured) victims in Oyo town. Primary data were collected through questionnaire administration and In-Depth interview. One-hundred crash victims were involved in the survey. Secondary data were sourced from the General hospital records. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Findings indicated that 65% of road crash victims were males, about 87% of them were less than 50 years old and 85% earned not more than N10,000 per month. The length of stay (LOS) showed that each crash victims spent 39 days on the average in the hospital and incurred a daily expense of N750 throughout the victim stay in the hospital. The consequences included reduced income (18.9%), job loss (8.4%) and abandoned by friends and family members (16.8%) among others. The paper calls for improved pre-hospital trauma care and the establishment of Road Accident Fund in order to ameliorate the burden of road crash victims.
Car wash service in Nigerian's road transport system: evidence from Ilorin
(Nigerian Economic Society, 2007-03) Arosanyin, G.T; Ipingbemi, O
The informal sector is a vital segment of the economy of most developing countries, including Nigeria. Research on the urban informal sector in general and the road transport sector in particular in Nigeria has neglected road transport supportive services. These services are crucial to the effective and efficient operation of the road transport system. This paper therefore examines one of such services, the car wash service, and uses Ilorin as the case study. The survey revealed that it is a sole proprietorship business dominated by males. About 95 per cent of the operators used informal financial sources, to start the business. It provides employment and income to operators who are mostly unskilled and have little formal education. The number of vehicles washed and the age of the business were found to be positive determinants of earnings, while apprentice access was found to impact negatively on earnings. The major constraints in the industry are irregular water supply and lack of financial assistance for development and modernization. For the full potential of this informal business activity to be realized, the water board needs to guarantee adequate supply of water, while the formal financial institutions should make the provision of finance easier to enable the car wash operators to modernize their operations.
comment
(Regional Development Dialogue, 2011) Wahab, B.
Community development associations and self-reliance: the case of lsalu community development union, Iseyin, Nigeria
(Intermediate technology publications, 1996) Wahab, B.O.
A Comparative Assessment of On-Campus and Off-Campus Students’ Housing in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria
(2015) Owolabi, B. O.
The University of Ibadan is faced with a persistent challenge of providing adequate students’ housing as a result of explosion in the students’ population in consequence of which the on-and off-campus students’ housing policy was adopted. Existing literature on students’ housing investigated on-campus students’ housing but neglected off-campus students’ housing. This study therefore, conducted a comparative assessment of the on-and off-campus students’ housing in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Systems theory provided the analytical framework, while survey research design was employed. A systematic random sampling technique was adopted to select respondents among registered on-and off-campus students. Five percent (A total of 400 on-campus and 700 off-campus students) were randomly selected from the 12 on-campus halls of residence and 22 off-campus hostels respectively. Off-campus hostels were drawn from University of Ibadan adjoining residential neighbourhoods (Agbowo, Orogun, Ajibode, Apete, Samonda and Bodija). A questionnaire containing socio-demographic characteristics, health status indicator (reported cases of illnesses of malaria, cold/catarrh, cholera/diarrhoea and typhoid for the past two weeks at the time of survey), academic performance indicator (Cumulative Grade Point Average [CGPAs] of the 2009/2010 session), distance indicators (punctuality at lectures and time in transit) and social activities indicators (participation in sports, religion, and peer group) were used to elicit information from the students. Observational checklist was used to assess the quality of housing (windows sizes, netting, residential density and airspace). Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression) at p≤0.05. Respondents’ age was 24±7years, 75.8% were males. Off-campus students took ill more than their on-campus counterparts (β=-1.8): malaria (off-campus 40.3%; on-campus 23.3%); cold/catarrh (off-campus 18.3%; on-campus 16.7%), cholera/diarrhoea (off-campus 16.7%; on-campus 14.9%) and typhoid (off-campus 15.2%; on-campus 14.9%). On the average, on-campus students had a better academic performance (CGPA=4.2) than off-campus students (CGPA=3.5) with t=8.0. Average waiting time for transportation for off-campus students was between 16-30 minutes compared to on-campus students (1-15 minutes). On-campus students spent an average of 15 minutes in transit while off-campus students spent 59 minutes in transit (X2 =69.8). On-campus students socialise more than off-campus students in sporting activities (β=0.2), religious activities (β=0.1) and peer-group activities (β=0.3). The health of off-campus students was more endangered due to poor window design than their on-campus counterparts with good ventilation; 76.4% of on-campus students have nets in their rooms compared to 31.3% of off-campus students. Residential density was higher in off-campus (83.4%) than on-campus (12.4%) and air space was more adequate in on-campus (86.3%) than off-campus (19.5%). On-campus students’ housing was more conducive for health and learning than off-campus in the University of Ibadan. Therefore, on-campus accommodation should be increased significantly to cater for the student population in the university, while off-campus accommodation providers should be encouraged to improve on their service delivery.
A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ON-CAMPUS AND OFF-CAMPUS STUDENTS’ HOUSING IN THE UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN, NIGERIA
(2015-12) OWOLABI, B. O.
The University of Ibadan is faced with a persistent challenge of providing adequate students’ housing as a result of explosion in the students’ population in consequence of which the on-and off-campus students’ housing policy was adopted. Existing literature on students’ housing investigated on-campus students’ housing but neglected off-campus students’ housing. This study therefore, conducted a comparative assessment of the on-and off-campus students’ housing in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Systems theory provided the analytical framework, while survey research design was employed. A systematic random sampling technique was adopted to select respondents among registered on-and off-campus students. Five percent (A total of 400 on-campus and 700 off-campus students) were randomly selected from the 12 on-campus halls of residence and 22 off-campus hostels respectively. Off-campus hostels were drawn from University of Ibadan adjoining residential neighbourhoods (Agbowo, Orogun, Ajibode, Apete, Samonda and Bodija). A questionnaire containing socio-demographic characteristics, health status indicator (reported cases of illnesses of malaria, cold/catarrh, cholera/diarrhoea and typhoid for the past two weeks at the time of survey), academic performance indicator (Cumulative Grade Point Average [CGPAs] of the 2009/2010 session), distance indicators (punctuality at lectures and time in transit) and social activities indicators (participation in sports, religion, and peer group) were used to elicit information from the students. Observational checklist was used to assess the quality of housing (windows sizes, netting, residential density and airspace). Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression) at p≤0.05. Respondents’ age was 24±7years, 75.8% were males. Off-campus students took ill more than their on-campus counterparts (β=-1.8): malaria (off-campus 40.3%; on-campus 23.3%); cold/catarrh (off-campus 18.3%; on-campus 16.7%), cholera/diarrhoea (off-campus 16.7%; on-campus 14.9%) and typhoid (off-campus 15.2%; on-campus 14.9%). On the average, on-campus students had a better academic performance (CGPA=4.2) than off-campus students (CGPA=3.5) with t=8.0. Average waiting time for transportation for off-campus students was between 16-30 minutes compared to on-campus students (1-15 minutes). On-campus students spent an average of 15 minutes in transit while off-campus students spent 59 minutes in transit (X2 =69.8). On-campus students socialise more than off-campus students in sporting activities (β=0.2), religious activities (β=0.1) and peer-group activities (β=0.3). The health of off-campus students was more endangered due to poor window design than their on-campus counterparts with good ventilation; 76.4% of on-campus students have nets in their rooms compared to 31.3% of off-campus students. Residential density was higher in off-campus (83.4%) than on-campus (12.4%) and air space was more adequate in on-campus (86.3%) than off-campus (19.5%). On-campus students’ housing was more conducive for health and learning than off-campus in the University of Ibadan. Therefore, on-campus accommodation should be increased significantly to cater for the student population in the university, while off-campus accommodation providers should be encouraged to improve on their service delivery.
Conflict resolution strategies on community-driven projects in private and public housing estates in Lagos state, Nigeria
(African journal for the psychological study of social issues, 2015) Wahab, B.; Adetunji, O.
This study examined the cause of conflict and resolution strategies employed in the management of community-driven projects (CDPs) in selected public and private estates in Lagos State. Primary and secondary data were used. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire, in-depth interviews with key informants and personal observation. A structured questionnaire was randomly administered to 25% of landlords/heads of households in both the Lagos State Development and Property Corporation (LSDPC) Ijaye-Ogba Estate in Agege Local Government Area (LGA) and Rufus Lanre-Laniyan Estate in Kosofe LGA. Four in-depth interviews (IDIs) were also conducted with the executives of the Residents’ Associations and Youths Association in each estate. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data collected. The study revealed that in both public and private estates, the provision and maintenance of community-based facilities generated conflicts in the forms of quarrel, fight, clashes, and murmuring. Communication, mediation, negotiation and reconciliation were the major strategies used by community elders and leaders of associations to resolve conflicts internally among residents in the housing estates. The study concluded that conflicts were likely to always arise in the provision, use and management of CDPs, but the ability to resolve such conflicts would always bring about peaceful co-existence in housing areas. The study recommended timely publicity, transparency, accountability and regular presentation of stewardship reports between the management committee of CDPs and residents/users in reducing and resolving conflicts over community-based projects.
The Contributions of Fadama-II Project to the Socio-Economic and Infrastructural Development of Rural Communities in Ibarapa North Local Government Area
(Ibadan planning journal, 2011) Wahab, B.; Ogundele, 0.
"The Fadama-Il part of the National Fadama Development Project was implemented to consolidate the gains of Fadama-I in Nigeria, in order to further improve the welfare of the rural people and enhance public participation in decision-making at the community level. This paper examines the contributions of Fadama-Il project to the socio-economic and infrastructural development Ibarapa North local government area of Oyo state. Nigeria. The paper presents the result of a questionnaire survey of Fadama User Groups (FUGs) carried out in 2009 in the study area. A total of 258 (20%) of the 1.290 members of 86 FUGs found in the three principal towns and twenty-two villages in the study area were sampled. Stratified and systematic random sampling techniques were used in the selection of sampled settlements and respondents respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used for data analysis. Findings showed that the income of the rural poor improved significantly after partaking in the Fadama-Il projects with 56.6% of the respondents earning an average annual income of #200.000. 00 or more. There was also a drastic reduction in the proportion of people in low income class from 33.0% to 7.0%. The result of the paired samples t-test gave a t value of-4. 067at 257 degrees of freedom while the probability of occurring by chance is 0.000 which is lower at O.05 level of significance. The Fadama Community Associations (FCAs) provided about 33 rural infrastructural facilities. Based on its visible overall outcome. the paper argued that Fadama-Il project is a viable rural development and poverty alleviation strategy. It concluded that the project's goal of rural development was achieved in the study area and as such can be replicated in other rural communities in Oyo state and Nigeria. Recommendations are offered to sustain the success recorded by the project. "
Disaster risk management in Nigerian rural and urban settlement
(Nigerian institute of town planners, 2013) Wahab, B.O.
Elements of Rural Housing
(Department of Urban & Regional Planning, 2007) Wahab, B.O.
An empirical investigation into urban informal tire repair service in Ilorin, Nigeria
(Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture, 2011) Arosanyin, G.T; Ijaiya, G.T; Oludoyi, S.B; Ajayi, M. A; Ipingbemi, O
The employment generation capacity of the formal sector comprising the public and organized private sectors in Nigeria is shrinking. The informal sector therefore offers a ray of hope for employment and earnings for urban unskilled and semi skilled labour. The promotion of informal sector activities by the government requires an insight into their mode of operation for better policy targeting. This paper therefore examines the operational characteristics, financing, training, employment and earnings, and challenges of tire repair business in Ilorin, Nigeria. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and phi coefficient. The study finds that tire repair provides employment and income for low skilled labour, most of whom are underemployed, earning about US$7.36 per day. The study finds that age, apprentice access and tire repair service index have significant association with earnings. About 92% of the operators sourced their financing for start-up capital from the informal financial sector. The informal training required is through the apprenticeship scheme, which is largely deficient in safety issues relating to tire rating, maximum load, expiry date, resistance, etc. The safety gap in the apprenticeship training scheme should be bridged through training and seminar. The informal sector support agencies should be overhauled to provide financing, technical and extension services to the informal sector operators.
Environment
(Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Ibadan, 2015) Sanni, L; Ipingbemi, O; FaIola, O
Exploring labour-based approach for rural road maintenance in Nigeria
(2008) Ipingbemi, O
Rural roads are very cardinal to the socio-economic development of the rural population. They enhanced increased agricultural production, facilitate access to educational and health facilities and provide spatial interaction among rural communities. However, in Nigeria, the condition of rural roads is pathetic. More than 70% of rural road network is in deplorable condition, which is due partly to inadequate finance, weak technical knowhow of personnel, the use of heavy equipment, official corruption and most importantly lack of political will by the government or its agencies. The consequences are disruption of socio-economic activities of the rural inhabitants. Therefore, the adoption of Labour- Based Approach which is participatory in nature and utilizes local knowledge and initiatives as well as requiring little resources could be the panacea to the protracted deplorable and deteriorating condition of rural roads in the country. The approach will not only improve the quality of life of the rural populace through the creation of job opportunities for the teeming rural population and lowering of transport cost, it will also ensure the sustainable maintenance of rural roads in the country.
Exploring the trip chaining behaviour of women using public transportation in Ibadan, Nigeria
(Department of Geography, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 2013-06) Ipingbemi, O; Adepoju, R.F
Women multi-tasking activities impose a powerful influence on their trip pattern. The study examined the trip sequencing and challenges faced by women using public transport in Ibadan Metropolis. Two hundred and three (203) women were served with structured questionnaire in 10 selected bus stops, using purposive sampling. Only 190 correctly filled questionnaires were subsequently analyzed. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Findings indicated that over 40% of women made more than four trips per day. More than 50% of the first trip from home ended in children school. 36.5% and 51.2% of the second and third trips ended up at the place of work respectively. Both fifth and six trips were home bound trips as they accounted for 47.9% and 97.5% respectively. Regression analysis indicated that income and marital status had a significant influence on the number of trips made as both explained 57% of all trips made. Long waiting time at bus stops and misbehavior from conductors and operators were the main challenges faced by women. The paper advocates for improved public transport and enforcement of laws to curb crime and insecurity in public transport.
Green transport for Nigerian cities
(Nigerian Institute of'Iown Planners (NITP) and Town Planners Registration Council of Nigeria (TOPREC), 2014) Ipingbemi, O