scholarly works
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/556
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Item Effects of injectable aminoglycosides on the auditory performance of individuals with drug resistant tuberculosis in Osun State, Nigeria(SciTechnol, 2018-02) Osisanya, A.; Adekola, A.; Fada, P. O.Ototoxicity caused by injectable aminoglycosides are capable of causing cochleotoxicity which is characterised as death of auditory hair cells (hearing loss) and vestibuiotoxicity manifesting as balance disorders. Ototoxicity is always as a result of insidious effects of aminoglycosides on auditory system, with a kind of irreversible (permanent) hearing loss which is common among individuals being treated for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DRTB). Therefore, this study examined the effect of injectable aminoglycosides on the auditory performance of patients with DRTB in Osun state. Twenty (20) DRTB patients comprising of 14 males and 6 females were purposively selected to participate in this ex post facto research. Instruments used include Otoscope to diagnose infection of the middle ear and outer parts of the ear, Maico ST 20 portable diagnostic audiometer to determine the hearing threshold of the participants, and audiograms to record the test results. Baseline audiometry revealed that 35% of the participants had mild hearing loss before commencement of treatment with injectable aminoglycosides, while 70% of the participants had severe to profound hearing loss after completion of injectable aminoglycosides. 65% of the participants had tinnitus in addition to hearing loss, while 55% had high frequency loss only. Therefore, health workers should ensure that people with DRTB are well educated about the side effects of injectable aminoglycosides and be encouraged to access audiologic follow up and rehabilitation, while alternative injectable drugs with reduced or milder side effects are employed for treatment of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis.Item Effects of industrial noise pollution on the auditory performance and health status of industrial workers in Oluyole industrial estate, Ibadan, Nigeria(Academia Publishing, 2017-06) Fada, P. O.; Osisanya, A.Exposure to excessive noise level is capable of producing destruction of the hair cells due to vasoconstriction of the cochlea blood vessels and over stimulation of the hair cells as a response to the noise exposure, which in turn may reduce the nutrient and oxygen to the cells as well as, placing a great impingement on the occupational performances of the Industrial workers. The study examined the potential effect of excessive noise exposure on the auditory performance and health status of some industrial workers in Ibadan. A total of hundred (100) industrial workers consisting of seventy-five (75) males and twenty-five (25) females were purposively selected to participate in the ex post facto research. Instruments used included a TENMA RS-232 Sound Level Meter (SLM) to measure the noise level of the bakery firm, Maico 53 audiometer to test the hearing levels of the participants, OMRON M2 Basic blood pressure monitor to assess the systolic, diastolic pressure and pulse rate of the participants and a self designed questionnaire to assess the participants’ daily health status. SLM readings of the firm revealed three different results of 85dB, 87dB and 91dB. 80% of the participants were affected by hearing loss on either right, left or both ears measured; 71% had high systolic blood pressure, 68% had abnormal pulse rate while 75% after exposure to excessive noise at work and 75% were not aware of the effects of excessive noise to their hearing organs as they were not informed at work. The Federal Government of Nigeria should enforce hearing conservation programme and health and safety regulations on every industry where noise is a by–product. In general, the health and safety of industrial workers should be placed on a high priority by government, employees and industrial employers.Item Evaluation of auditory performance of the aged on speech discrimination skills in south-west, Nigeria(Department of Educational Foundations and Counselling, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 2014-10) Osisanya, A.As age increases, word recognition and speech discrimination ability systematically decreases, in relation to decline along the auditory systems leading to a reduction in the ability to perceive high pitched sounds and discriminate speech correctly. Thus, this study evaluated the performance of two categories of aged on speech discrimination skills. The study was carried out through Pure- Tone Audiometric Test (PTA) and Speech Discrimination Test (SDT) based on phonetically balanced words. Two hundred and forty (240) aged comprising two groups of one hundred and twenty (120) each of rural and urban dwellers were selected using purposive sampling technique. With the aid of independent t-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance, the findings revealed a significant difference in the hearing sensitivity between the aged in rural and urban areas across the pure-tone audiometric tested frequencies (t.cal = 4.20; P < 0.05). The aged in urban area had a significantly better performance on the speech. discrimination test than their counterparts in rural area (t.cal. = 3.78; P < 0.05). The study found no significant difference in the performance of the two groups on speech discrimination test in line with their gender make-up (t.cal. = 0.57; P> 0.05). Based on the findings, the study establishes that the two categories of aged demonstrated poor speech discrimination abilities as a result of their reduced hearing efficiency as a consequence of ageing. Recommendations were therefore made to the aged and their family, society, rehabilitation experts (support services) and government on the need to sharpen the aged verball non-verbal and interpersonal oral communication abilities as well as to curtail the explosion of hearing disability as a result of ageing in Nigeria.