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Item Seasonal limnological variation and nutrient load of the river system in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria(EuroJournal publishing inc., 2008) Adedokun, O. A.; Adeyemo, O. K.; Adeleye, E.; Yusuf, R. K.Ibadan is a highly populated city, characterized by environmental problems arising from improper disposal of solid and liquid wastes, poor wastes collection and handling. We therefore investigated the seasonal limnology and nutrient load of the river system in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria during the dry season (October 2003-March 2004) and rainy season (August-September 2004). The results revealed that colour, Total suspended solid (TSS), total solids (TS) and total nitrogen were generally higher during the dry season. This suggests that the run-offs have only a diluting effect on these parameters. All the other physical parameters (pH, BOD, DO, COD, TDS, Total hardness) and Nutrient load based parameters (phosphate, sulphate, nitrate and nitrite) were generally higher during the rainy season. Also, in most of the sample points, BOD, TDS, TSS, colour and phosphate levels were relatively higher than the WHO standards for surface water during the two seasons. The poor water quality and nutrient loading observed in the study area has severe consequences on the in-dwelling aquatic flora and fauna. Proper treatment of effluent from industrial processes to acceptable levels, discouraging stagnation of domestic waste and sewage, availability of sewage treatment plants is necessary to curtail the health risk associated with the present level of pollution observed during this study.Item A comparative study of three methods for detecting Fasciola infections in Nigerian cattle(VETERINARSKIARHIV, 2008) Adedokun, O. A.; Ayinmode, A. B.; Fagbemi, B. O.Qualitative examination of Fasciola gigantica eggs in faeces and bile were compared with the detection of precipitating antibodies in sera by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) in 1000 cattle slaughtered at the Bodija municipal abattoir in Ibadan, Nigeria. Faecal and bile examination methods detected (196) 33.5% and (389) 38.9% of the animals as positive for fasciolosis, while (474) 47.4% were positive by AGPT. Both direct bile examination and faecal egg detection methods have high specificity and positive predictive value (100%) when compared with AGPT. However, lower values for sensitivity and negative predictive value were observed for both faecal egg examination (66.5% and 67.9% respectively) and bile examination (81.0% and 78.9% respectively). Fecal and bile examination failed to detect 33.5% and 19.0% of the cases detected by AGPT. The results of this study revealed that the AGPT could become a better test for the herd diagnosis of bovine fasciolosis for veterinarians and other investigators in Nigeria.Item Seasonal prevalence of fasciola gigantica infection among the sexes in Nigerian Cattle(Medwell Journals, 2008) Adedokun, O. A.; Ayinmode, A. B.; Fagbemi, B. O.This study examined the seasonal prevalence of fasciolosis between tire sexes in Nigerian cattle. The possible role and effect of sex on prevalence of the disease is also discussed. One thousand cattle were examined for infection using the fecal and bile examination for Fasciola eggs and Agar gel precipitation test. Total 750 75%), 448 (44.8%) and 450 (45%) positive were detected by each of tire three methods respectively. The first peak of infection was detected in February' and the second from September to October. Prevalence was higher (52.3%) during the rainy seasons. The annual prevalence was higher in females (63.7%) than in males (36.3%). Prevalence was also higher in females from December to September and peaked (8.1%) in February. Peak prevalence for males occurred in September and October (6.6%), overall prevalence was found to be higher in the females and statistically significant during the dry season.Item Anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous crude extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn in Nigerian dogs(2005) Adedapo, A. A.; Shabi, O. O.; Adedokun, O. A.The anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous crude extract of Euphorbia Itirta Linn was studied in 20 Nigerian dogs that were naturally infected with nematodes. They were randomly divided into 4 groups. A, B. C and D. Groups A and B each comprised 4 dogs while groups C and D comprised 6 dogs each. Group A animals were untreated, while those in group B were treated with proprietary anthelmintic (Mebendazole). Groups C and D animals were treated with aqueous crude extracts of E. hirta using intramuscular and oral routes, respectively. Two weeks after treatment, blood and faecal samples were collected to evaluate haematological values and faecal egg counts, respectively. The procedure was repeated two weeks later. Results of this study show that the aqueous crude extracts of E. hirta after its administration into local dogs produced a significant increase (P< 0.05) in PCV, RBC. l ib cone.. TWBC and lymphocyte counts. The faecal egg counts also showed a remarkable and significant reduction in the levels of the identified helminths. The reduction in faecal egg counts was more pronounced with the extract administered through the oral route when compared with the intramuscular route. The effects of the plant extracts were broad spectrum in action. The phenol compound present in the plant extract could have caused reduction in worm load through this same mechanism that culminates in exhaustion and death ofworms. Since the aqueous crude extract of £. hirta significantly reduced the faecal egg count of the helminths, it could serve as an anthelmintic agentItem Infestation of royal python (python regius) with ticks amblyomma hebraeum in Ibadan Zoo, Nigeria(Tropical Veterinarian, 2003) Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Sonibare, A. O.; Adedokun, R. A.; Adedokun, O. A.; Adejinmi, J.O.; Akinboye, D.G.Tick infestation in royal python is reported. Clinical signs included dullness and inactivity evident in reaction to its prey. Parasitological examination revealed Amblyomma hebraeum. Epidemiological investigation showed WAD goat with external parasite within the reptile area.Item Concurent fatal helm1nthosis and balantidos1s in red monkey (Erythrocebuspatas) in Ibadan, Nigeria(Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 2002) Adedokun, O. A.; Adedokun, R. A. M.; Emikpe, B. O.; Ohore, O. G.; Oluwayelu, D.O; Ajayi, O.L.Fresh fecal specimen from a moribund red monkey (Erythrocebuspatas) from the zoological garden, University of Ibadan with a history of dysentery was examined. Ova of Triclmris spp., Enterobius spp, Ancylostoma spp. and Strongyloides spp., as well as Balantidium spp oocysts were found. Post mortem, findings revealed the large intestine heavily infected with worms especially Trichuris spp., Ancylostoma spp. and Trichostronglus spp. which were enmeshed in a thick layer of mucous and blood on the mucosa. The public health importance is discussed.Item The assessment of fasciola gigantica infection in the rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) as a laboratory model parasite development - clinical symptoms and liver pathology(2001) Adedokun, O. A.; Fagbemi, B.O.In this study, the rabbit was assessed as a laboratory host lor the helminthes parasite, Fasciola gigantica. Three groups of rabbits were infected experimentally with 5. 10 and 15 metacercariao of F. gigantica respectively. Clinical signs found included pale mucous membrane, progressive emaciation and rough hair coat. The post mortem findings Included haemorrhage and scattered calcified nodulos on the omentum. Echymosis, fibrosis and necrosis were prominent on the liver in addition to fibrosis and thickening ol the gall bladder and bile ducts. Histopathology of the liver revealed congestion, haemorrhage, cellular infiltration and necrosis. Bile ducts were hyper plastic and dbrotic with severe inflammatory reactions The ova of gigantica were recovered from the faeces of some infected rabbits at 10 weeks post infection Mean number of flukes recovered from the rabbits was 0 in the 5 metacercariae group. 2 in the 10 metacercariao group and 5 in the group given 15 metacercariae.Item Effect of husbandry system on the incidence of lungworm {metastrongylus spp} in pigs in Ibadan, Nigeria(Tropical Veterinarian, 2001) Adedokun, O. A.; Adejinmi, J. O.; Ukoikpoko, G.B.Detection of helminth infection in pigs by faecal examination was carried out between the months of August and December 1998. Out of430 pigs 64 (14.9%) were positive for Metastrongylus spp. Of these, 10(15.6%) were adults/breeders, 40(62.5%) were weaners/growers, while 14(21.9%) were piglets. Infection rate 8.7% was found in exotic breeds, 15.3% in crossbreed and 100% in local breeds. All intensively managed farms werelungworm-freewhile28.57% and 100% infectionrate respectively, were found on semi-intensively and extensively managed piggeries. The implications of these findings to the pig industry in Nigeria are discussedItem Effects of Antibiotics, Salt and pH on the Hatchability of Fasciola Gigantica Eggs: Short Communication(Tropical Veterinarian, 2001) Adedokun, O. A.; Adejinmi, J. O.; Sadiq, N.A.; Enibe, O.F.A study was carried out to examine the effects of various antibiotics, salt concentrations and pH on the hatchability of F. gigantica eggs. It was observed that tetracycline concentration of 0.5mg/ml and above inhibited the development and hatching of F. gigantica eggs. Salt concentration of 1% gave low hatchability while 2% concentration and above strictly inhibited the hatching of the eggs. Acidic pH of 3-5 inhibited hatching of F. gigantica eggs while pH of 7-8 promoted hatching of eggs to above 3.4%. The possibility of employing the results of this study to fashion out a control measure against fasciolosis in farm animals is discussed.